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Updated Image formats (markdown)

Chuck Walbourn 2016-04-21 12:24:48 -07:00
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Image-formats.md

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The DirectXTex library primarily uses [Windows Imaging Component](https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/windows/desktop/ee719654.aspx) (aka WIC) to perform image I/O, but includes a custom codec for ``DDS`` and ``TGA`` files. A complete, detailed description of image file formats is well beyond the scope of this wiki. This page does provide a quick overview of the comment formats the library deals with.
# BMP
# BMP (Windows Bitmap Format)
The ``BMP`` file format is a long-lived Windows-specific format for images which is supported by a built-in WIC codec. See [Wikipedia](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/BMP_file_format) for more details.
To aid in debugging, here is a [simple console program](https://github.com/Microsoft/DirectXTex/wiki/bmpdump.cpp) for dumping out the content of a BMP header in a human-readable form.
# DDS
# DDS (DirectDraw Surface)
The ``DDS`` file format is not so much an image format as a "Direct3D resource" container for textures. It can contain data in all DXGI formats, 1D textures, 2D textures, 1D & 2D texture arrays, cubemaps, cubemap arrays, and volume maps. For more details, see [The DDS File Format Lives](http://blogs.msdn.com/b/chuckw/archive/2010/02/05/the-dds-file-format-lives.aspx) and [DDS Programmer's Guide](http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/bb943991.aspx)
To aid in debugging, here is a [simple console program](https://github.com/Microsoft/DirectXTex/wiki/ddsdump.cpp) for dumping out the content of a DDS header in a human-readable form. It requires the ``dds.h`` header in the DirectXTex library to build.
# GIF
The ``GIF`` file format is a Web meme standard that can contain multiple 'frames' of animation, but is otherwise limited to 256 colors. It is supported by a built-in WIC codec. For more, see [Wikipedia](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/GIF) for more.
# GIF (Graphics Interchange Format)
The ``GIF`` file format is a Web meme standard that can contain multiple 'frames' of animation, but is otherwise limited to 256 colors. It is supported by a built-in WIC codec. See [Wikipedia](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/GIF) for more details and history.
# HD Photo
# HD Photo (Windows Media Photo)
The ``WDP`` file format (aka JPEG-XR) is a High-Dynamic Range (HDR) image file format. It is supported by a built-in WIC codec. See the [HD Photo Specification](http://go.microsoft.com/fwlink/p/?linkid=74506) and [Wikipedia](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/JPEG_XR) for more details.
# JPG
> Note that the Xbox One XDK version of WIC does not include the HD Photo codec.
# PNG
# JPEG (Joint Photographic Experts Group)
The ``JPG`` or ``JPEG`` file format is a lossy compressed image file format commonly used for photos. See [Independent JPEG Group](http://ijg.org/) and [Wikipedia](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/JPEG) for more details.
# TIFF
# PNG (Portable Network Graphics)
The ``PNG`` file format has largely taken over for ``GIF`` in use for general web graphics. See [libpng](http://libpng.org/pub/png/libpng.html) and [Wikipedia](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Portable_Network_Graphics) for more details.
# TGA
# TIFF (Tagged Image File Format)
The ``TIF`` or ``TIFF`` file format is kind of meta-container that is often used for image files used in various compressed formats, as well as other application. The image uses of this file format are supported by a built-in WIC codec. See [Wikipedia](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tagged_Image_File_Format) for more details.
# TGA (Truevision Graphics Adapter)
The ``TGA`` file format is one of the earliest and simplest file formats for 24-bits-per-pixel images, and is commonly used as a source file for textures. See [Wikipedia](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Truevision_TGA) for more details.
To aid in debugging, here is a [simple console program](https://github.com/Microsoft/DirectXTex/wiki/tgadump.cpp) for dumping out the content of a TGA header in a human-readable form.