spirv-lint: Add lint based on divergence analysis (#4488)

This PR is a rebased version of #4479 by James Dong.
---

The primary purpose of this PR is to add the code from my prototype as a PR, for licensing reasons.
The commit history is messy, and the code is not especially clean.

Fixes https://github.com/KhronosGroup/SPIRV-Tools/issues/3196.

include/spirv-tools/linter.hpp

@@ -35,7 +35,7 @@ class Linter {
   void SetMessageConsumer(MessageConsumer consumer);
 
   // Returns a reference to the registered message consumer.
-  const MessageConsumer& consumer() const;
+  const MessageConsumer& Consumer() const;
 
   bool Run(const uint32_t* binary, size_t binary_size);
 

source/lint/CMakeLists.txt

@@ -13,9 +13,11 @@
 # limitations under the License.
 set(SPIRV_TOOLS_LINT_SOURCES
   divergence_analysis.h
+  lints.h
 
   linter.cpp
   divergence_analysis.cpp
+  lint_divergent_derivatives.cpp
 )
 
 if(MSVC AND (NOT ("${CMAKE_CXX_COMPILER_ID}" MATCHES "Clang")))

source/lint/lint_divergent_derivatives.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,169 @@
+// Copyright (c) 2021 Google LLC.
+//
+// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+// You may obtain a copy of the License at
+//
+//     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+//
+// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+// limitations under the License.
+
+#include <cassert>
+#include <sstream>
+#include <string>
+
+#include "source/diagnostic.h"
+#include "source/lint/divergence_analysis.h"
+#include "source/lint/lints.h"
+#include "source/opt/basic_block.h"
+#include "source/opt/cfg.h"
+#include "source/opt/control_dependence.h"
+#include "source/opt/def_use_manager.h"
+#include "source/opt/dominator_analysis.h"
+#include "source/opt/instruction.h"
+#include "source/opt/ir_context.h"
+#include "spirv-tools/libspirv.h"
+#include "spirv/unified1/spirv.h"
+
+namespace spvtools {
+namespace lint {
+namespace lints {
+namespace {
+// Returns the %name[id], where `name` is the first name associated with the
+// given id, or just %id if one is not found.
+std::string GetFriendlyName(opt::IRContext* context, uint32_t id) {
+  auto names = context->GetNames(id);
+  std::stringstream ss;
+  ss << "%";
+  if (names.empty()) {
+    ss << id;
+  } else {
+    opt::Instruction* inst_name = names.begin()->second;
+    if (inst_name->opcode() == SpvOpName) {
+      ss << names.begin()->second->GetInOperand(0).AsString();
+      ss << "[" << id << "]";
+    } else {
+      ss << id;
+    }
+  }
+  return ss.str();
+}
+
+bool InstructionHasDerivative(const opt::Instruction& inst) {
+  static const SpvOp derivative_opcodes[] = {
+      // Implicit derivatives.
+      SpvOpImageSampleImplicitLod,
+      SpvOpImageSampleDrefImplicitLod,
+      SpvOpImageSampleProjImplicitLod,
+      SpvOpImageSampleProjDrefImplicitLod,
+      SpvOpImageSparseSampleImplicitLod,
+      SpvOpImageSparseSampleDrefImplicitLod,
+      SpvOpImageSparseSampleProjImplicitLod,
+      SpvOpImageSparseSampleProjDrefImplicitLod,
+      // Explicit derivatives.
+      SpvOpDPdx,
+      SpvOpDPdy,
+      SpvOpFwidth,
+      SpvOpDPdxFine,
+      SpvOpDPdyFine,
+      SpvOpFwidthFine,
+      SpvOpDPdxCoarse,
+      SpvOpDPdyCoarse,
+      SpvOpFwidthCoarse,
+  };
+  return std::find(std::begin(derivative_opcodes), std::end(derivative_opcodes),
+                   inst.opcode()) != std::end(derivative_opcodes);
+}
+
+spvtools::DiagnosticStream Warn(opt::IRContext* context,
+                                opt::Instruction* inst) {
+  if (inst == nullptr) {
+    return DiagnosticStream({0, 0, 0}, context->consumer(), "", SPV_WARNING);
+  } else {
+    // TODO(kuhar): Use line numbers based on debug info.
+    return DiagnosticStream(
+        {0, 0, 0}, context->consumer(),
+        inst->PrettyPrint(SPV_BINARY_TO_TEXT_OPTION_FRIENDLY_NAMES),
+        SPV_WARNING);
+  }
+}
+
+void PrintDivergenceFlow(opt::IRContext* context, DivergenceAnalysis div,
+                         uint32_t id) {
+  opt::analysis::DefUseManager* def_use = context->get_def_use_mgr();
+  opt::CFG* cfg = context->cfg();
+  while (id != 0) {
+    bool is_block = def_use->GetDef(id)->opcode() == SpvOpLabel;
+    if (is_block) {
+      Warn(context, nullptr)
+          << "block " << GetFriendlyName(context, id) << " is divergent";
+      uint32_t source = div.GetDivergenceSource(id);
+      // Skip intermediate blocks.
+      while (source != 0 && def_use->GetDef(source)->opcode() == SpvOpLabel) {
+        id = source;
+        source = div.GetDivergenceSource(id);
+      }
+      if (source == 0) break;
+      spvtools::opt::Instruction* branch =
+          cfg->block(div.GetDivergenceDependenceSource(id))->terminator();
+      Warn(context, branch)
+          << "because it depends on a conditional branch on divergent value "
+          << GetFriendlyName(context, source) << "";
+      id = source;
+    } else {
+      Warn(context, nullptr)
+          << "value " << GetFriendlyName(context, id) << " is divergent";
+      uint32_t source = div.GetDivergenceSource(id);
+      opt::Instruction* def = def_use->GetDef(id);
+      opt::Instruction* source_def =
+          source == 0 ? nullptr : def_use->GetDef(source);
+      // First print data -> data dependencies.
+      while (source != 0 && source_def->opcode() != SpvOpLabel) {
+        Warn(context, def_use->GetDef(id))
+            << "because " << GetFriendlyName(context, id) << " uses value "
+            << GetFriendlyName(context, source)
+            << "in its definition, which is divergent";
+        id = source;
+        def = source_def;
+        source = div.GetDivergenceSource(id);
+        source_def = def_use->GetDef(source);
+      }
+      if (source == 0) {
+        Warn(context, def) << "because it has a divergent definition";
+        break;
+      }
+      Warn(context, def) << "because it is conditionally set in block "
+                         << GetFriendlyName(context, source);
+      id = source;
+    }
+  }
+}
+}  // namespace
+
+bool CheckDivergentDerivatives(opt::IRContext* context) {
+  DivergenceAnalysis div(*context);
+  for (opt::Function& func : *context->module()) {
+    div.Run(&func);
+    for (const opt::BasicBlock& bb : func) {
+      for (const opt::Instruction& inst : bb) {
+        if (InstructionHasDerivative(inst) &&
+            div.GetDivergenceLevel(bb.id()) >
+                DivergenceAnalysis::DivergenceLevel::kPartiallyUniform) {
+          Warn(context, nullptr)
+              << "derivative with divergent control flow"
+              << " located in block " << GetFriendlyName(context, bb.id());
+          PrintDivergenceFlow(context, div, bb.id());
+        }
+      }
+    }
+  }
+  return true;
+}
+
+}  // namespace lints
+}  // namespace lint
+}  // namespace spvtools

source/lint/linter.cpp

@@ -14,6 +14,13 @@
 
 #include "spirv-tools/linter.hpp"
 
+#include "source/lint/lints.h"
+#include "source/opt/build_module.h"
+#include "source/opt/ir_context.h"
+#include "spirv-tools/libspirv.h"
+#include "spirv-tools/libspirv.hpp"
+#include "spirv/unified1/spirv.h"
+
 namespace spvtools {
 
 struct Linter::Impl {
@@ -32,20 +39,22 @@ Linter::Linter(spv_target_env env) : impl_(new Impl(env)) {}
 Linter::~Linter() {}
 
 void Linter::SetMessageConsumer(MessageConsumer consumer) {
-  impl_->message_consumer = consumer;
+  impl_->message_consumer = std::move(consumer);
 }
 
-const MessageConsumer& Linter::consumer() const {
+const MessageConsumer& Linter::Consumer() const {
   return impl_->message_consumer;
 }
 
 bool Linter::Run(const uint32_t* binary, size_t binary_size) {
-  (void)binary;
-  (void)binary_size;
+  std::unique_ptr<opt::IRContext> context =
+      BuildModule(SPV_ENV_VULKAN_1_2, Consumer(), binary, binary_size);
+  if (context == nullptr) return false;
 
-  consumer()(SPV_MSG_INFO, "", {0, 0, 0}, "Hello, world!");
+  bool result = true;
+  result &= lint::lints::CheckDivergentDerivatives(context.get());
 
-  return true;
+  return result;
 }
 
 }  // namespace spvtools

source/lint/lints.h

@@ -0,0 +1,34 @@
+// Copyright (c) 2021 Google LLC.
+//
+// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+// You may obtain a copy of the License at
+//
+//     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+//
+// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+// limitations under the License.
+
+#ifndef SOURCE_LINT_LINTS_H_
+#define SOURCE_LINT_LINTS_H_
+
+#include "source/opt/ir_context.h"
+
+namespace spvtools {
+namespace lint {
+
+// All of the functions in this namespace output to the error consumer in the
+// |context| argument and return |true| if no errors are found. They do not
+// modify the IR.
+namespace lints {
+
+bool CheckDivergentDerivatives(opt::IRContext* context);
+
+}  // namespace lints
+}  // namespace lint
+}  // namespace spvtools
+
+#endif  // SOURCE_LINT_LINTS_H_