diff --git a/include/fmt/color.h b/include/fmt/color.h
index 5c9b0491..bc534805 100644
--- a/include/fmt/color.h
+++ b/include/fmt/color.h
@@ -526,9 +526,9 @@ template <> struct is_string<std::FILE*> : std::false_type {};
 template <> struct is_string<const std::FILE*> : std::false_type {};
 
 template <typename Char>
-std::basic_string<Char> vformat(
-    const text_style& ts, basic_string_view<Char> format_str,
-    basic_format_args<typename buffer_context<Char>::type> args) {
+std::basic_string<Char> vformat(const text_style& ts,
+                                basic_string_view<Char> format_str,
+                                basic_format_args<buffer_context<Char> > args) {
   basic_memory_buffer<Char> buffer;
   bool has_style = false;
   if (ts.has_emphasis()) {
@@ -558,7 +558,7 @@ std::basic_string<Char> vformat(
 
 template <typename S, typename Char = char_t<S> >
 void vprint(std::FILE* f, const text_style& ts, const S& format,
-            basic_format_args<typename buffer_context<Char>::type> args) {
+            basic_format_args<buffer_context<Char> > args) {
   bool has_style = false;
   if (ts.has_emphasis()) {
     has_style = true;
@@ -592,9 +592,9 @@ template <typename S, typename... Args,
 void print(std::FILE* f, const text_style& ts, const S& format_str,
            const Args&... args) {
   internal::check_format_string<Args...>(format_str);
-  typedef typename buffer_context<char_t<S> >::type context_t;
-  format_arg_store<context_t, Args...> as{args...};
-  vprint(f, ts, format_str, basic_format_args<context_t>(as));
+  using context = buffer_context<char_t<S> >;
+  format_arg_store<context, Args...> as{args...};
+  vprint(f, ts, format_str, basic_format_args<context>(as));
 }
 
 /**
@@ -613,7 +613,7 @@ void print(const text_style& ts, const S& format_str, const Args&... args) {
 template <typename S, typename Char = char_t<S> >
 inline std::basic_string<Char> vformat(
     const text_style& ts, const S& format_str,
-    basic_format_args<typename buffer_context<Char>::type> args) {
+    basic_format_args<buffer_context<Char> > args) {
   return internal::vformat(ts, to_string_view(format_str), args);
 }
 
diff --git a/include/fmt/core.h b/include/fmt/core.h
index 524c47d4..58c716d8 100644
--- a/include/fmt/core.h
+++ b/include/fmt/core.h
@@ -1077,7 +1077,7 @@ template <typename OutputIt, typename Char> class basic_format_context {
 
  public:
   using iterator = OutputIt;
-  using format_arg = basic_format_arg<basic_format_context> ;
+  using format_arg = basic_format_arg<basic_format_context>;
   template <typename T> using formatter_type = formatter<T, char_type>;
 
   /**
@@ -1108,13 +1108,12 @@ template <typename OutputIt, typename Char> class basic_format_context {
   internal::locale_ref locale() { return loc_; }
 };
 
-template <typename Char> struct buffer_context {
-  typedef basic_format_context<
-      std::back_insert_iterator<internal::buffer<Char>>, Char>
-      type;
-};
-using format_context = buffer_context<char>::type;
-using wformat_context = buffer_context<wchar_t>::type;
+template <typename Char>
+using buffer_context =
+    basic_format_context<std::back_insert_iterator<internal::buffer<Char>>,
+                         Char>;
+using format_context = buffer_context<char>;
+using wformat_context = buffer_context<wchar_t>;
 
 /**
   \rst
@@ -1130,8 +1129,9 @@ template <typename Context, typename... Args> class format_arg_store {
   // Packed is a macro on MinGW so use IS_PACKED instead.
   static const bool IS_PACKED = NUM_ARGS < internal::max_packed_args;
 
-  using value_type = typename std::conditional<IS_PACKED, internal::value<Context>,
-                                    basic_format_arg<Context>>::type;
+  using value_type =
+      typename std::conditional<IS_PACKED, internal::value<Context>,
+                                basic_format_arg<Context>>::type;
 
   // If the arguments are not packed, add one more element to mark the end.
   static const size_t DATA_SIZE =
@@ -1301,8 +1301,7 @@ template <typename Char> struct named_arg_base {
   basic_string_view<Char> name;
 
   // Serialized value<context>.
-  mutable char
-      data[sizeof(basic_format_arg<typename buffer_context<Char>::type>)];
+  mutable char data[sizeof(basic_format_arg<buffer_context<Char>>)];
 
   named_arg_base(basic_string_view<Char> nm) : name(nm) {}
 
@@ -1329,21 +1328,20 @@ void check_format_string(S);
 
 template <typename S, typename... Args,
           typename Char = enable_if_t<internal::is_string<S>::value, char_t<S>>>
-inline format_arg_store<typename buffer_context<Char>::type, Args...>
-make_args_checked(const S& format_str, const Args&... args) {
+inline format_arg_store<buffer_context<Char>, Args...> make_args_checked(
+    const S& format_str, const Args&... args) {
   internal::check_format_string<Args...>(format_str);
   return {args...};
 }
 
 template <typename Char>
-std::basic_string<Char> vformat(
-    basic_string_view<Char> format_str,
-    basic_format_args<typename buffer_context<Char>::type> args);
+std::basic_string<Char> vformat(basic_string_view<Char> format_str,
+                                basic_format_args<buffer_context<Char>> args);
 
 template <typename Char>
-typename buffer_context<Char>::type::iterator vformat_to(
+typename buffer_context<Char>::iterator vformat_to(
     internal::buffer<Char>& buf, basic_string_view<Char> format_str,
-    basic_format_args<typename buffer_context<Char>::type> args);
+    basic_format_args<buffer_context<Char>> args);
 }  // namespace internal
 
 /**
@@ -1387,12 +1385,10 @@ struct is_contiguous_back_insert_iterator<std::back_insert_iterator<Container>>
     : is_contiguous<Container> {};
 
 /** Formats a string and writes the output to ``out``. */
-template <typename OutputIt, typename S,
-          typename Char = enable_if_t<
-              is_contiguous_back_insert_iterator<OutputIt>::value, char_t<S>>>
-OutputIt vformat_to(
-    OutputIt out, const S& format_str,
-    basic_format_args<typename buffer_context<Char>::type> args) {
+template <typename OutputIt, typename S, typename Char = char_t<S>,
+          FMT_ENABLE_IF(is_contiguous_back_insert_iterator<OutputIt>::value)>
+OutputIt vformat_to(OutputIt out, const S& format_str,
+                    basic_format_args<buffer_context<Char>> args) {
   using container = typename std::remove_reference<decltype(
       internal::get_container(out))>::type;
   internal::container_buffer<container> buf((internal::get_container(out)));
@@ -1413,8 +1409,7 @@ inline std::back_insert_iterator<Container> format_to(
 template <typename S,
           typename Char = enable_if_t<internal::is_string<S>::value, char_t<S>>>
 inline std::basic_string<Char> vformat(
-    const S& format_str,
-    basic_format_args<typename buffer_context<Char>::type> args) {
+    const S& format_str, basic_format_args<buffer_context<Char>> args) {
   return internal::vformat(to_string_view(format_str), args);
 }
 
diff --git a/include/fmt/format-inl.h b/include/fmt/format-inl.h
index 28027a59..fa5eb6f3 100644
--- a/include/fmt/format-inl.h
+++ b/include/fmt/format-inl.h
@@ -953,7 +953,7 @@ FMT_FUNC void report_windows_error(int error_code,
 FMT_FUNC void vprint(std::FILE* f, string_view format_str, format_args args) {
   memory_buffer buffer;
   internal::vformat_to(buffer, format_str,
-                       basic_format_args<buffer_context<char>::type>(args));
+                       basic_format_args<buffer_context<char>>(args));
   fwrite_fully(buffer.data(), 1, buffer.size(), f);
 }
 
diff --git a/include/fmt/format.h b/include/fmt/format.h
index c8ce2f39..82f7092d 100644
--- a/include/fmt/format.h
+++ b/include/fmt/format.h
@@ -3046,7 +3046,7 @@ class format_int {
 template <typename T, typename Char>
 struct formatter<T, Char,
                  typename std::enable_if<internal::format_type<
-                     typename buffer_context<Char>::type, T>::value>::type> {
+                     buffer_context<Char>, T>::value>::type> {
   FMT_CONSTEXPR formatter() : format_str_(nullptr) {}
 
   // Parses format specifiers stopping either at the end of the range or at the
@@ -3055,8 +3055,7 @@ struct formatter<T, Char,
   FMT_CONSTEXPR typename ParseContext::iterator parse(ParseContext& ctx) {
     format_str_ = ctx.begin();
     typedef internal::dynamic_specs_handler<ParseContext> handler_type;
-    auto type =
-        internal::get_type<typename buffer_context<Char>::type, T>::value;
+    auto type = internal::get_type<buffer_context<Char>, T>::value;
     internal::specs_checker<handler_type> handler(handler_type(specs_, ctx),
                                                   type);
     auto it = parse_format_specs(ctx.begin(), ctx.end(), handler);
@@ -3377,9 +3376,9 @@ std::basic_string<Char> to_string(const basic_memory_buffer<Char, SIZE>& buf) {
 }
 
 template <typename Char>
-typename buffer_context<Char>::type::iterator internal::vformat_to(
+typename buffer_context<Char>::iterator internal::vformat_to(
     internal::buffer<Char>& buf, basic_string_view<Char> format_str,
-    basic_format_args<typename buffer_context<Char>::type> args) {
+    basic_format_args<buffer_context<Char>> args) {
   typedef back_insert_range<internal::buffer<Char>> range;
   return vformat_to<arg_formatter<range>>(buf, to_string_view(format_str),
                                           args);
@@ -3387,19 +3386,19 @@ typename buffer_context<Char>::type::iterator internal::vformat_to(
 
 template <typename S, typename Char = char_t<S>,
           FMT_ENABLE_IF(internal::is_string<S>::value)>
-inline typename buffer_context<Char>::type::iterator vformat_to(
+inline typename buffer_context<Char>::iterator vformat_to(
     internal::buffer<Char>& buf, const S& format_str,
-    basic_format_args<typename buffer_context<Char>::type> args) {
+    basic_format_args<buffer_context<Char>> args) {
   return internal::vformat_to(buf, to_string_view(format_str), args);
 }
 
 template <typename S, typename... Args, std::size_t SIZE = inline_buffer_size,
           typename Char = enable_if_t<internal::is_string<S>::value, char_t<S>>>
-inline typename buffer_context<Char>::type::iterator format_to(
+inline typename buffer_context<Char>::iterator format_to(
     basic_memory_buffer<Char, SIZE>& buf, const S& format_str,
     const Args&... args) {
   internal::check_format_string<Args...>(format_str);
-  using context = typename buffer_context<Char>::type;
+  using context = buffer_context<Char>;
   format_arg_store<context, Args...> as{args...};
   return internal::vformat_to(buf, to_string_view(format_str),
                               basic_format_args<context>(as));
@@ -3554,7 +3553,7 @@ inline format_to_n_result<OutputIt> format_to_n(OutputIt out, std::size_t n,
 template <typename Char>
 inline std::basic_string<Char> internal::vformat(
     basic_string_view<Char> format_str,
-    basic_format_args<typename buffer_context<Char>::type> args) {
+    basic_format_args<buffer_context<Char>> args) {
   basic_memory_buffer<Char> buffer;
   internal::vformat_to(buffer, format_str, args);
   return fmt::to_string(buffer);
diff --git a/include/fmt/locale.h b/include/fmt/locale.h
index b6b4cf90..f3e3d676 100644
--- a/include/fmt/locale.h
+++ b/include/fmt/locale.h
@@ -15,19 +15,19 @@ FMT_BEGIN_NAMESPACE
 
 namespace internal {
 template <typename Char>
-typename buffer_context<Char>::type::iterator vformat_to(
+typename buffer_context<Char>::iterator vformat_to(
     const std::locale& loc, buffer<Char>& buf,
     basic_string_view<Char> format_str,
-    basic_format_args<typename buffer_context<Char>::type> args) {
+    basic_format_args<buffer_context<Char>> args) {
   typedef back_insert_range<buffer<Char>> range;
   return vformat_to<arg_formatter<range>>(buf, to_string_view(format_str), args,
                                           internal::locale_ref(loc));
 }
 
 template <typename Char>
-std::basic_string<Char> vformat(
-    const std::locale& loc, basic_string_view<Char> format_str,
-    basic_format_args<typename buffer_context<Char>::type> args) {
+std::basic_string<Char> vformat(const std::locale& loc,
+                                basic_string_view<Char> format_str,
+                                basic_format_args<buffer_context<Char>> args) {
   basic_memory_buffer<Char> buffer;
   internal::vformat_to(loc, buffer, format_str, args);
   return fmt::to_string(buffer);
@@ -37,7 +37,7 @@ std::basic_string<Char> vformat(
 template <typename S, typename Char = char_t<S>>
 inline std::basic_string<Char> vformat(
     const std::locale& loc, const S& format_str,
-    basic_format_args<typename buffer_context<Char>::type> args) {
+    basic_format_args<buffer_context<Char>> args) {
   return internal::vformat(loc, to_string_view(format_str), args);
 }
 
diff --git a/include/fmt/ostream.h b/include/fmt/ostream.h
index 0399108f..4c2acf4a 100644
--- a/include/fmt/ostream.h
+++ b/include/fmt/ostream.h
@@ -121,7 +121,7 @@ struct convert_to_int<
 
 template <typename Char>
 void vprint(std::basic_ostream<Char>& os, basic_string_view<Char> format_str,
-            basic_format_args<typename buffer_context<Char>::type> args) {
+            basic_format_args<buffer_context<Char>> args) {
   basic_memory_buffer<Char> buffer;
   internal::vformat_to(buffer, format_str, args);
   internal::write(os, buffer);
diff --git a/include/fmt/prepare.h b/include/fmt/prepare.h
index 7f4ff082..9b30b5d6 100644
--- a/include/fmt/prepare.h
+++ b/include/fmt/prepare.h
@@ -239,14 +239,14 @@ class prepared_format {
   }
 
   template <std::size_t SIZE = inline_buffer_size>
-  inline typename buffer_context<char_type>::type::iterator format_to(
+  inline typename buffer_context<char_type>::iterator format_to(
       basic_memory_buffer<char_type, SIZE>& buf, const Args&... args) const {
     typedef back_insert_range<internal::buffer<char_type>> range;
     return this->vformat_to(range(buf), make_args_checked(format_, args...));
   }
 
  private:
-  typedef typename buffer_context<char_type>::type context;
+  typedef buffer_context<char_type> context;
 
   template <typename Range>
   typename context::iterator vformat_to(Range out,
diff --git a/test/format b/test/format
index 3aca2f34..3f9f2f92 100644
--- a/test/format
+++ b/test/format
@@ -643,8 +643,7 @@ struct formatter {
   FMT_CONSTEXPR typename ParseContext::iterator parse(ParseContext& ctx) {
     namespace internal = fmt::internal;
     typedef internal::dynamic_specs_handler<ParseContext> handler_type;
-    auto type =
-        internal::get_type<typename fmt::buffer_context<Char>::type, T>::value;
+    auto type = internal::get_type<fmt::buffer_context<Char>, T>::value;
     internal::specs_checker<handler_type> handler(handler_type(specs_, ctx),
                                                   type);
     auto it = parse_format_specs(ctx.begin(), ctx.end(), handler);