glibc/sysdeps/ieee754/dbl-64/math_config.h

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Add new exp and exp2 implementations Optimized exp and exp2 implementations using a lookup table for fractional powers of 2. There are several variants, see e_exp_data.c, they can be selected by modifying math_config.h allowing different tradeoffs. The default selection should be acceptable as generic libm code. Worst case error is 0.509 ULP for exp and 0.507 ULP for exp2, on aarch64 the rodata size is 2160 bytes, shared between exp and exp2. On aarch64 .text + .rodata size decreased by 24912 bytes. The non-nearest rounding error is less than 1 ULP even on targets without efficient round implementation (although the error rate is higher in that case). Targets with single instruction, rounding mode independent, to nearest integer rounding and conversion can use them by setting TOINT_INTRINSICS and adding the necessary code to their math_private.h. The __exp1 code uses the same algorithm, so the error bound of pow increased a bit. New double precision error handling code was added following the style of the single precision error handling code. Improvements on Cortex-A72 compared to current glibc master: exp thruput: 1.61x in [-9.9 9.9] exp latency: 1.53x in [-9.9 9.9] exp thruput: 1.13x in [0.5 1] exp latency: 1.30x in [0.5 1] exp2 thruput: 2.03x in [-9.9 9.9] exp2 latency: 1.64x in [-9.9 9.9] For small (< 1) inputs the current exp code uses a separate algorithm so the speed up there is less. Was tested on aarch64-linux-gnu (TOINT_INTRINSICS, fma contraction) and arm-linux-gnueabihf (!TOINT_INTRINSICS, no fma contraction) and x86_64-linux-gnu (!TOINT_INTRINSICS, no fma contraction) and powerpc64le-linux-gnu (!TOINT_INTRINSICS, fma contraction) targets, only non-nearest rounding ulp errors increase and they are within acceptable bounds (ulp updates are in separate patches). * NEWS: Mention exp and exp2 improvements. * math/Makefile (libm-support): Remove t_exp. (type-double-routines): Add math_err and e_exp_data. * sysdeps/aarch64/libm-test-ulps: Update. * sysdeps/arm/libm-test-ulps: Update. * sysdeps/i386/fpu/e_exp_data.c: New file. * sysdeps/i386/fpu/math_err.c: New file. * sysdeps/i386/fpu/t_exp.c: Remove. * sysdeps/ia64/fpu/e_exp_data.c: New file. * sysdeps/ia64/fpu/math_err.c: New file. * sysdeps/ia64/fpu/t_exp.c: Remove. * sysdeps/ieee754/dbl-64/e_exp.c: Rewrite. * sysdeps/ieee754/dbl-64/e_exp2.c: Rewrite. * sysdeps/ieee754/dbl-64/e_exp_data.c: New file. * sysdeps/ieee754/dbl-64/e_pow.c (__ieee754_pow): Update error bound. * sysdeps/ieee754/dbl-64/eexp.tbl: Remove. * sysdeps/ieee754/dbl-64/math_config.h: New file. * sysdeps/ieee754/dbl-64/math_err.c: New file. * sysdeps/ieee754/dbl-64/t_exp.c: Remove. * sysdeps/ieee754/dbl-64/t_exp2.h: Remove. * sysdeps/ieee754/dbl-64/uexp.h: Remove. * sysdeps/ieee754/dbl-64/uexp.tbl: Remove. * sysdeps/m68k/m680x0/fpu/e_exp_data.c: New file. * sysdeps/m68k/m680x0/fpu/math_err.c: New file. * sysdeps/m68k/m680x0/fpu/t_exp.c: Remove. * sysdeps/powerpc/fpu/libm-test-ulps: Update. * sysdeps/x86_64/fpu/libm-test-ulps: Update.
2018-02-12 18:16:03 +00:00
/* Configuration for double precision math routines.
Copyright (C) 2018-2021 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
Add new exp and exp2 implementations Optimized exp and exp2 implementations using a lookup table for fractional powers of 2. There are several variants, see e_exp_data.c, they can be selected by modifying math_config.h allowing different tradeoffs. The default selection should be acceptable as generic libm code. Worst case error is 0.509 ULP for exp and 0.507 ULP for exp2, on aarch64 the rodata size is 2160 bytes, shared between exp and exp2. On aarch64 .text + .rodata size decreased by 24912 bytes. The non-nearest rounding error is less than 1 ULP even on targets without efficient round implementation (although the error rate is higher in that case). Targets with single instruction, rounding mode independent, to nearest integer rounding and conversion can use them by setting TOINT_INTRINSICS and adding the necessary code to their math_private.h. The __exp1 code uses the same algorithm, so the error bound of pow increased a bit. New double precision error handling code was added following the style of the single precision error handling code. Improvements on Cortex-A72 compared to current glibc master: exp thruput: 1.61x in [-9.9 9.9] exp latency: 1.53x in [-9.9 9.9] exp thruput: 1.13x in [0.5 1] exp latency: 1.30x in [0.5 1] exp2 thruput: 2.03x in [-9.9 9.9] exp2 latency: 1.64x in [-9.9 9.9] For small (< 1) inputs the current exp code uses a separate algorithm so the speed up there is less. Was tested on aarch64-linux-gnu (TOINT_INTRINSICS, fma contraction) and arm-linux-gnueabihf (!TOINT_INTRINSICS, no fma contraction) and x86_64-linux-gnu (!TOINT_INTRINSICS, no fma contraction) and powerpc64le-linux-gnu (!TOINT_INTRINSICS, fma contraction) targets, only non-nearest rounding ulp errors increase and they are within acceptable bounds (ulp updates are in separate patches). * NEWS: Mention exp and exp2 improvements. * math/Makefile (libm-support): Remove t_exp. (type-double-routines): Add math_err and e_exp_data. * sysdeps/aarch64/libm-test-ulps: Update. * sysdeps/arm/libm-test-ulps: Update. * sysdeps/i386/fpu/e_exp_data.c: New file. * sysdeps/i386/fpu/math_err.c: New file. * sysdeps/i386/fpu/t_exp.c: Remove. * sysdeps/ia64/fpu/e_exp_data.c: New file. * sysdeps/ia64/fpu/math_err.c: New file. * sysdeps/ia64/fpu/t_exp.c: Remove. * sysdeps/ieee754/dbl-64/e_exp.c: Rewrite. * sysdeps/ieee754/dbl-64/e_exp2.c: Rewrite. * sysdeps/ieee754/dbl-64/e_exp_data.c: New file. * sysdeps/ieee754/dbl-64/e_pow.c (__ieee754_pow): Update error bound. * sysdeps/ieee754/dbl-64/eexp.tbl: Remove. * sysdeps/ieee754/dbl-64/math_config.h: New file. * sysdeps/ieee754/dbl-64/math_err.c: New file. * sysdeps/ieee754/dbl-64/t_exp.c: Remove. * sysdeps/ieee754/dbl-64/t_exp2.h: Remove. * sysdeps/ieee754/dbl-64/uexp.h: Remove. * sysdeps/ieee754/dbl-64/uexp.tbl: Remove. * sysdeps/m68k/m680x0/fpu/e_exp_data.c: New file. * sysdeps/m68k/m680x0/fpu/math_err.c: New file. * sysdeps/m68k/m680x0/fpu/t_exp.c: Remove. * sysdeps/powerpc/fpu/libm-test-ulps: Update. * sysdeps/x86_64/fpu/libm-test-ulps: Update.
2018-02-12 18:16:03 +00:00
This file is part of the GNU C Library.
The GNU C Library is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
modify it under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public
License as published by the Free Software Foundation; either
version 2.1 of the License, or (at your option) any later version.
The GNU C Library is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU
Lesser General Public License for more details.
You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public
License along with the GNU C Library; if not, see
Prefer https to http for gnu.org and fsf.org URLs Also, change sources.redhat.com to sourceware.org. This patch was automatically generated by running the following shell script, which uses GNU sed, and which avoids modifying files imported from upstream: sed -ri ' s,(http|ftp)(://(.*\.)?(gnu|fsf|sourceware)\.org($|[^.]|\.[^a-z])),https\2,g s,(http|ftp)(://(.*\.)?)sources\.redhat\.com($|[^.]|\.[^a-z]),https\2sourceware.org\4,g ' \ $(find $(git ls-files) -prune -type f \ ! -name '*.po' \ ! -name 'ChangeLog*' \ ! -path COPYING ! -path COPYING.LIB \ ! -path manual/fdl-1.3.texi ! -path manual/lgpl-2.1.texi \ ! -path manual/texinfo.tex ! -path scripts/config.guess \ ! -path scripts/config.sub ! -path scripts/install-sh \ ! -path scripts/mkinstalldirs ! -path scripts/move-if-change \ ! -path INSTALL ! -path locale/programs/charmap-kw.h \ ! -path po/libc.pot ! -path sysdeps/gnu/errlist.c \ ! '(' -name configure \ -execdir test -f configure.ac -o -f configure.in ';' ')' \ ! '(' -name preconfigure \ -execdir test -f preconfigure.ac ';' ')' \ -print) and then by running 'make dist-prepare' to regenerate files built from the altered files, and then executing the following to cleanup: chmod a+x sysdeps/unix/sysv/linux/riscv/configure # Omit irrelevant whitespace and comment-only changes, # perhaps from a slightly-different Autoconf version. git checkout -f \ sysdeps/csky/configure \ sysdeps/hppa/configure \ sysdeps/riscv/configure \ sysdeps/unix/sysv/linux/csky/configure # Omit changes that caused a pre-commit check to fail like this: # remote: *** error: sysdeps/powerpc/powerpc64/ppc-mcount.S: trailing lines git checkout -f \ sysdeps/powerpc/powerpc64/ppc-mcount.S \ sysdeps/unix/sysv/linux/s390/s390-64/syscall.S # Omit change that caused a pre-commit check to fail like this: # remote: *** error: sysdeps/sparc/sparc64/multiarch/memcpy-ultra3.S: last line does not end in newline git checkout -f sysdeps/sparc/sparc64/multiarch/memcpy-ultra3.S
2019-09-07 05:40:42 +00:00
<https://www.gnu.org/licenses/>. */
Add new exp and exp2 implementations Optimized exp and exp2 implementations using a lookup table for fractional powers of 2. There are several variants, see e_exp_data.c, they can be selected by modifying math_config.h allowing different tradeoffs. The default selection should be acceptable as generic libm code. Worst case error is 0.509 ULP for exp and 0.507 ULP for exp2, on aarch64 the rodata size is 2160 bytes, shared between exp and exp2. On aarch64 .text + .rodata size decreased by 24912 bytes. The non-nearest rounding error is less than 1 ULP even on targets without efficient round implementation (although the error rate is higher in that case). Targets with single instruction, rounding mode independent, to nearest integer rounding and conversion can use them by setting TOINT_INTRINSICS and adding the necessary code to their math_private.h. The __exp1 code uses the same algorithm, so the error bound of pow increased a bit. New double precision error handling code was added following the style of the single precision error handling code. Improvements on Cortex-A72 compared to current glibc master: exp thruput: 1.61x in [-9.9 9.9] exp latency: 1.53x in [-9.9 9.9] exp thruput: 1.13x in [0.5 1] exp latency: 1.30x in [0.5 1] exp2 thruput: 2.03x in [-9.9 9.9] exp2 latency: 1.64x in [-9.9 9.9] For small (< 1) inputs the current exp code uses a separate algorithm so the speed up there is less. Was tested on aarch64-linux-gnu (TOINT_INTRINSICS, fma contraction) and arm-linux-gnueabihf (!TOINT_INTRINSICS, no fma contraction) and x86_64-linux-gnu (!TOINT_INTRINSICS, no fma contraction) and powerpc64le-linux-gnu (!TOINT_INTRINSICS, fma contraction) targets, only non-nearest rounding ulp errors increase and they are within acceptable bounds (ulp updates are in separate patches). * NEWS: Mention exp and exp2 improvements. * math/Makefile (libm-support): Remove t_exp. (type-double-routines): Add math_err and e_exp_data. * sysdeps/aarch64/libm-test-ulps: Update. * sysdeps/arm/libm-test-ulps: Update. * sysdeps/i386/fpu/e_exp_data.c: New file. * sysdeps/i386/fpu/math_err.c: New file. * sysdeps/i386/fpu/t_exp.c: Remove. * sysdeps/ia64/fpu/e_exp_data.c: New file. * sysdeps/ia64/fpu/math_err.c: New file. * sysdeps/ia64/fpu/t_exp.c: Remove. * sysdeps/ieee754/dbl-64/e_exp.c: Rewrite. * sysdeps/ieee754/dbl-64/e_exp2.c: Rewrite. * sysdeps/ieee754/dbl-64/e_exp_data.c: New file. * sysdeps/ieee754/dbl-64/e_pow.c (__ieee754_pow): Update error bound. * sysdeps/ieee754/dbl-64/eexp.tbl: Remove. * sysdeps/ieee754/dbl-64/math_config.h: New file. * sysdeps/ieee754/dbl-64/math_err.c: New file. * sysdeps/ieee754/dbl-64/t_exp.c: Remove. * sysdeps/ieee754/dbl-64/t_exp2.h: Remove. * sysdeps/ieee754/dbl-64/uexp.h: Remove. * sysdeps/ieee754/dbl-64/uexp.tbl: Remove. * sysdeps/m68k/m680x0/fpu/e_exp_data.c: New file. * sysdeps/m68k/m680x0/fpu/math_err.c: New file. * sysdeps/m68k/m680x0/fpu/t_exp.c: Remove. * sysdeps/powerpc/fpu/libm-test-ulps: Update. * sysdeps/x86_64/fpu/libm-test-ulps: Update.
2018-02-12 18:16:03 +00:00
#ifndef _MATH_CONFIG_H
#define _MATH_CONFIG_H
#include <math.h>
#include <math_private.h>
Add new pow implementation The algorithm is exp(y * log(x)), where log(x) is computed with about 1.3*2^-68 relative error (1.5*2^-68 without fma), returning the result in two doubles, and the exp part uses the same algorithm (and lookup tables) as exp, but takes the input as two doubles and a sign (to handle negative bases with odd integer exponent). The __exp1 internal symbol is no longer necessary. There is separate code path when fma is not available but the worst case error is about 0.54 ULP in both cases. The lookup table and consts for log are 4168 bytes. The .rodata+.text is decreased by 37908 bytes on aarch64. The non-nearest rounding error is less than 1 ULP. Improvements on Cortex-A72 compared to current glibc master: pow thruput: 2.40x in [0.01 11.1]x[0.01 11.1] pow latency: 1.84x in [0.01 11.1]x[0.01 11.1] Tested on aarch64-linux-gnu (defined __FP_FAST_FMA, TOINT_INTRINSICS) and arm-linux-gnueabihf (!defined __FP_FAST_FMA, !TOINT_INTRINSICS) and x86_64-linux-gnu (!defined __FP_FAST_FMA, !TOINT_INTRINSICS) and powerpc64le-linux-gnu (defined __FP_FAST_FMA, !TOINT_INTRINSICS) targets. * NEWS: Mention pow improvements. * math/Makefile (type-double-routines): Add e_pow_log_data. * sysdeps/generic/math_private.h (__exp1): Remove. * sysdeps/i386/fpu/e_pow_log_data.c: New file. * sysdeps/ia64/fpu/e_pow_log_data.c: New file. * sysdeps/ieee754/dbl-64/Makefile (CFLAGS-e_pow.c): Allow fma contraction. * sysdeps/ieee754/dbl-64/e_exp.c (__exp1): Remove. (exp_inline): Remove. (__ieee754_exp): Only single double input is handled. * sysdeps/ieee754/dbl-64/e_pow.c: Rewrite. * sysdeps/ieee754/dbl-64/e_pow_log_data.c: New file. * sysdeps/ieee754/dbl-64/math_config.h (issignaling_inline): Define. (__pow_log_data): Define. * sysdeps/ieee754/dbl-64/upow.h: Remove. * sysdeps/ieee754/dbl-64/upow.tbl: Remove. * sysdeps/m68k/m680x0/fpu/e_pow_log_data.c: New file. * sysdeps/x86_64/fpu/multiarch/Makefile (CFLAGS-e_pow-fma.c): Allow fma contraction. (CFLAGS-e_pow-fma4.c): Likewise.
2018-06-13 16:57:20 +00:00
#include <nan-high-order-bit.h>
Add new exp and exp2 implementations Optimized exp and exp2 implementations using a lookup table for fractional powers of 2. There are several variants, see e_exp_data.c, they can be selected by modifying math_config.h allowing different tradeoffs. The default selection should be acceptable as generic libm code. Worst case error is 0.509 ULP for exp and 0.507 ULP for exp2, on aarch64 the rodata size is 2160 bytes, shared between exp and exp2. On aarch64 .text + .rodata size decreased by 24912 bytes. The non-nearest rounding error is less than 1 ULP even on targets without efficient round implementation (although the error rate is higher in that case). Targets with single instruction, rounding mode independent, to nearest integer rounding and conversion can use them by setting TOINT_INTRINSICS and adding the necessary code to their math_private.h. The __exp1 code uses the same algorithm, so the error bound of pow increased a bit. New double precision error handling code was added following the style of the single precision error handling code. Improvements on Cortex-A72 compared to current glibc master: exp thruput: 1.61x in [-9.9 9.9] exp latency: 1.53x in [-9.9 9.9] exp thruput: 1.13x in [0.5 1] exp latency: 1.30x in [0.5 1] exp2 thruput: 2.03x in [-9.9 9.9] exp2 latency: 1.64x in [-9.9 9.9] For small (< 1) inputs the current exp code uses a separate algorithm so the speed up there is less. Was tested on aarch64-linux-gnu (TOINT_INTRINSICS, fma contraction) and arm-linux-gnueabihf (!TOINT_INTRINSICS, no fma contraction) and x86_64-linux-gnu (!TOINT_INTRINSICS, no fma contraction) and powerpc64le-linux-gnu (!TOINT_INTRINSICS, fma contraction) targets, only non-nearest rounding ulp errors increase and they are within acceptable bounds (ulp updates are in separate patches). * NEWS: Mention exp and exp2 improvements. * math/Makefile (libm-support): Remove t_exp. (type-double-routines): Add math_err and e_exp_data. * sysdeps/aarch64/libm-test-ulps: Update. * sysdeps/arm/libm-test-ulps: Update. * sysdeps/i386/fpu/e_exp_data.c: New file. * sysdeps/i386/fpu/math_err.c: New file. * sysdeps/i386/fpu/t_exp.c: Remove. * sysdeps/ia64/fpu/e_exp_data.c: New file. * sysdeps/ia64/fpu/math_err.c: New file. * sysdeps/ia64/fpu/t_exp.c: Remove. * sysdeps/ieee754/dbl-64/e_exp.c: Rewrite. * sysdeps/ieee754/dbl-64/e_exp2.c: Rewrite. * sysdeps/ieee754/dbl-64/e_exp_data.c: New file. * sysdeps/ieee754/dbl-64/e_pow.c (__ieee754_pow): Update error bound. * sysdeps/ieee754/dbl-64/eexp.tbl: Remove. * sysdeps/ieee754/dbl-64/math_config.h: New file. * sysdeps/ieee754/dbl-64/math_err.c: New file. * sysdeps/ieee754/dbl-64/t_exp.c: Remove. * sysdeps/ieee754/dbl-64/t_exp2.h: Remove. * sysdeps/ieee754/dbl-64/uexp.h: Remove. * sysdeps/ieee754/dbl-64/uexp.tbl: Remove. * sysdeps/m68k/m680x0/fpu/e_exp_data.c: New file. * sysdeps/m68k/m680x0/fpu/math_err.c: New file. * sysdeps/m68k/m680x0/fpu/t_exp.c: Remove. * sysdeps/powerpc/fpu/libm-test-ulps: Update. * sysdeps/x86_64/fpu/libm-test-ulps: Update.
2018-02-12 18:16:03 +00:00
#include <stdint.h>
#ifndef WANT_ROUNDING
/* Correct special case results in non-nearest rounding modes. */
# define WANT_ROUNDING 1
#endif
#ifndef WANT_ERRNO
/* Set errno according to ISO C with (math_errhandling & MATH_ERRNO) != 0. */
# define WANT_ERRNO 1
#endif
#ifndef WANT_ERRNO_UFLOW
/* Set errno to ERANGE if result underflows to 0 (in all rounding modes). */
# define WANT_ERRNO_UFLOW (WANT_ROUNDING && WANT_ERRNO)
#endif
#ifndef TOINT_INTRINSICS
/* When set, the roundtoint and converttoint functions are provided with
the semantics documented below. */
# define TOINT_INTRINSICS 0
#endif
#if TOINT_INTRINSICS
/* Round x to nearest int in all rounding modes, ties have to be rounded
consistently with converttoint so the results match. If the result
would be outside of [-2^31, 2^31-1] then the semantics is unspecified. */
static inline double_t
roundtoint (double_t x);
/* Convert x to nearest int in all rounding modes, ties have to be rounded
consistently with roundtoint. If the result is not representible in an
int32_t then the semantics is unspecified. */
static inline int32_t
converttoint (double_t x);
#endif
static inline uint64_t
asuint64 (double f)
{
union
{
double f;
uint64_t i;
} u = {f};
return u.i;
}
static inline double
asdouble (uint64_t i)
{
union
{
uint64_t i;
double f;
} u = {i};
return u.f;
}
Add new pow implementation The algorithm is exp(y * log(x)), where log(x) is computed with about 1.3*2^-68 relative error (1.5*2^-68 without fma), returning the result in two doubles, and the exp part uses the same algorithm (and lookup tables) as exp, but takes the input as two doubles and a sign (to handle negative bases with odd integer exponent). The __exp1 internal symbol is no longer necessary. There is separate code path when fma is not available but the worst case error is about 0.54 ULP in both cases. The lookup table and consts for log are 4168 bytes. The .rodata+.text is decreased by 37908 bytes on aarch64. The non-nearest rounding error is less than 1 ULP. Improvements on Cortex-A72 compared to current glibc master: pow thruput: 2.40x in [0.01 11.1]x[0.01 11.1] pow latency: 1.84x in [0.01 11.1]x[0.01 11.1] Tested on aarch64-linux-gnu (defined __FP_FAST_FMA, TOINT_INTRINSICS) and arm-linux-gnueabihf (!defined __FP_FAST_FMA, !TOINT_INTRINSICS) and x86_64-linux-gnu (!defined __FP_FAST_FMA, !TOINT_INTRINSICS) and powerpc64le-linux-gnu (defined __FP_FAST_FMA, !TOINT_INTRINSICS) targets. * NEWS: Mention pow improvements. * math/Makefile (type-double-routines): Add e_pow_log_data. * sysdeps/generic/math_private.h (__exp1): Remove. * sysdeps/i386/fpu/e_pow_log_data.c: New file. * sysdeps/ia64/fpu/e_pow_log_data.c: New file. * sysdeps/ieee754/dbl-64/Makefile (CFLAGS-e_pow.c): Allow fma contraction. * sysdeps/ieee754/dbl-64/e_exp.c (__exp1): Remove. (exp_inline): Remove. (__ieee754_exp): Only single double input is handled. * sysdeps/ieee754/dbl-64/e_pow.c: Rewrite. * sysdeps/ieee754/dbl-64/e_pow_log_data.c: New file. * sysdeps/ieee754/dbl-64/math_config.h (issignaling_inline): Define. (__pow_log_data): Define. * sysdeps/ieee754/dbl-64/upow.h: Remove. * sysdeps/ieee754/dbl-64/upow.tbl: Remove. * sysdeps/m68k/m680x0/fpu/e_pow_log_data.c: New file. * sysdeps/x86_64/fpu/multiarch/Makefile (CFLAGS-e_pow-fma.c): Allow fma contraction. (CFLAGS-e_pow-fma4.c): Likewise.
2018-06-13 16:57:20 +00:00
static inline int
issignaling_inline (double x)
{
uint64_t ix = asuint64 (x);
if (HIGH_ORDER_BIT_IS_SET_FOR_SNAN)
return (ix & 0x7ff8000000000000) == 0x7ff8000000000000;
return 2 * (ix ^ 0x0008000000000000) > 2 * 0x7ff8000000000000ULL;
}
Add new exp and exp2 implementations Optimized exp and exp2 implementations using a lookup table for fractional powers of 2. There are several variants, see e_exp_data.c, they can be selected by modifying math_config.h allowing different tradeoffs. The default selection should be acceptable as generic libm code. Worst case error is 0.509 ULP for exp and 0.507 ULP for exp2, on aarch64 the rodata size is 2160 bytes, shared between exp and exp2. On aarch64 .text + .rodata size decreased by 24912 bytes. The non-nearest rounding error is less than 1 ULP even on targets without efficient round implementation (although the error rate is higher in that case). Targets with single instruction, rounding mode independent, to nearest integer rounding and conversion can use them by setting TOINT_INTRINSICS and adding the necessary code to their math_private.h. The __exp1 code uses the same algorithm, so the error bound of pow increased a bit. New double precision error handling code was added following the style of the single precision error handling code. Improvements on Cortex-A72 compared to current glibc master: exp thruput: 1.61x in [-9.9 9.9] exp latency: 1.53x in [-9.9 9.9] exp thruput: 1.13x in [0.5 1] exp latency: 1.30x in [0.5 1] exp2 thruput: 2.03x in [-9.9 9.9] exp2 latency: 1.64x in [-9.9 9.9] For small (< 1) inputs the current exp code uses a separate algorithm so the speed up there is less. Was tested on aarch64-linux-gnu (TOINT_INTRINSICS, fma contraction) and arm-linux-gnueabihf (!TOINT_INTRINSICS, no fma contraction) and x86_64-linux-gnu (!TOINT_INTRINSICS, no fma contraction) and powerpc64le-linux-gnu (!TOINT_INTRINSICS, fma contraction) targets, only non-nearest rounding ulp errors increase and they are within acceptable bounds (ulp updates are in separate patches). * NEWS: Mention exp and exp2 improvements. * math/Makefile (libm-support): Remove t_exp. (type-double-routines): Add math_err and e_exp_data. * sysdeps/aarch64/libm-test-ulps: Update. * sysdeps/arm/libm-test-ulps: Update. * sysdeps/i386/fpu/e_exp_data.c: New file. * sysdeps/i386/fpu/math_err.c: New file. * sysdeps/i386/fpu/t_exp.c: Remove. * sysdeps/ia64/fpu/e_exp_data.c: New file. * sysdeps/ia64/fpu/math_err.c: New file. * sysdeps/ia64/fpu/t_exp.c: Remove. * sysdeps/ieee754/dbl-64/e_exp.c: Rewrite. * sysdeps/ieee754/dbl-64/e_exp2.c: Rewrite. * sysdeps/ieee754/dbl-64/e_exp_data.c: New file. * sysdeps/ieee754/dbl-64/e_pow.c (__ieee754_pow): Update error bound. * sysdeps/ieee754/dbl-64/eexp.tbl: Remove. * sysdeps/ieee754/dbl-64/math_config.h: New file. * sysdeps/ieee754/dbl-64/math_err.c: New file. * sysdeps/ieee754/dbl-64/t_exp.c: Remove. * sysdeps/ieee754/dbl-64/t_exp2.h: Remove. * sysdeps/ieee754/dbl-64/uexp.h: Remove. * sysdeps/ieee754/dbl-64/uexp.tbl: Remove. * sysdeps/m68k/m680x0/fpu/e_exp_data.c: New file. * sysdeps/m68k/m680x0/fpu/math_err.c: New file. * sysdeps/m68k/m680x0/fpu/t_exp.c: Remove. * sysdeps/powerpc/fpu/libm-test-ulps: Update. * sysdeps/x86_64/fpu/libm-test-ulps: Update.
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#define NOINLINE __attribute__ ((noinline))
/* Error handling tail calls for special cases, with a sign argument.
The sign of the return value is set if the argument is non-zero. */
/* The result overflows. */
attribute_hidden double __math_oflow (uint32_t);
/* The result underflows to 0 in nearest rounding mode. */
attribute_hidden double __math_uflow (uint32_t);
/* The result underflows to 0 in some directed rounding mode only. */
attribute_hidden double __math_may_uflow (uint32_t);
/* Division by zero. */
attribute_hidden double __math_divzero (uint32_t);
/* Error handling using input checking. */
/* Invalid input unless it is a quiet NaN. */
attribute_hidden double __math_invalid (double);
/* Error handling using output checking, only for errno setting. */
/* Check if the result overflowed to infinity. */
attribute_hidden double __math_check_oflow (double);
/* Check if the result underflowed to 0. */
attribute_hidden double __math_check_uflow (double);
/* Check if the result overflowed to infinity. */
static inline double
check_oflow (double x)
{
return WANT_ERRNO ? __math_check_oflow (x) : x;
}
/* Check if the result underflowed to 0. */
static inline double
check_uflow (double x)
{
return WANT_ERRNO ? __math_check_uflow (x) : x;
}
#define EXP_TABLE_BITS 7
#define EXP_POLY_ORDER 5
#define EXP2_POLY_ORDER 5
extern const struct exp_data
{
double invln2N;
double shift;
double negln2hiN;
double negln2loN;
double poly[4]; /* Last four coefficients. */
double exp2_shift;
double exp2_poly[EXP2_POLY_ORDER];
uint64_t tab[2*(1 << EXP_TABLE_BITS)];
} __exp_data attribute_hidden;
Add new log implementation Optimized log using carefully generated lookup table with 1/c and log(c) values for small intervalls around 1. The log(c) is very near a double precision value, it has about 62 bits precision. The algorithm is log(2^k x) = k log(2) + log(c) + log(x/c), where the last term is approximated by a polynomial of x/c - 1. Near 1 a single polynomial of x - 1 is used. There is separate code path when fma instruction is not available for computing x/c - 1 precisely, in which case the table size is doubled. The code uses __builtin_fma under __FP_FAST_FMA to ensure it is inlined as an instruction. With the default configuration settings the worst case error is 0.519 ULP (and 0.520 without fma), the rodata size is 2192 bytes (4240 without fma). The non-nearest rounding error is less than 1 ULP. Improvements on Cortex-A72 compared to current glibc master: log thruput: 3.28x in [0.01 11.1] log latency: 2.23x in [0.01 11.1] log thruput: 1.56x in [0.999 1.001] log latency: 1.57x in [0.999 1.001] Tested on aarch64-linux-gnu (defined __FP_FAST_FMA) arm-linux-gnueabihf (!defined __FP_FAST_FMA) x86_64-linux-gnu (!defined __FP_FAST_FMA) powerpc64le-linux-gnu (defined __FP_FAST_FMA) targets. * NEWS: Mention log improvement. * math/Makefile (type-double-routines): Add e_log_data. * sysdeps/i386/fpu/e_log_data.c: New file. * sysdeps/ia64/fpu/e_log_data.c: New file. * sysdeps/ieee754/dbl-64/e_log.c: Rewrite. * sysdeps/ieee754/dbl-64/e_log_data.c: New file. * sysdeps/ieee754/dbl-64/math_config.h (__log_data): Add. * sysdeps/ieee754/dbl-64/ulog.h: Remove. * sysdeps/ieee754/dbl-64/ulog.tbl: Remove. * sysdeps/m68k/m680x0/fpu/e_log_data.c: New file.
2018-06-13 16:40:19 +00:00
#define LOG_TABLE_BITS 7
#define LOG_POLY_ORDER 6
#define LOG_POLY1_ORDER 12
extern const struct log_data
{
double ln2hi;
double ln2lo;
double poly[LOG_POLY_ORDER - 1]; /* First coefficient is 1. */
double poly1[LOG_POLY1_ORDER - 1];
/* See e_log_data.c for details. */
struct {double invc, logc;} tab[1 << LOG_TABLE_BITS];
#ifndef __FP_FAST_FMA
struct {double chi, clo;} tab2[1 << LOG_TABLE_BITS];
#endif
} __log_data attribute_hidden;
#define LOG2_TABLE_BITS 6
#define LOG2_POLY_ORDER 7
#define LOG2_POLY1_ORDER 11
extern const struct log2_data
{
double invln2hi;
double invln2lo;
double poly[LOG2_POLY_ORDER - 1];
double poly1[LOG2_POLY1_ORDER - 1];
/* See e_log2_data.c for details. */
struct {double invc, logc;} tab[1 << LOG2_TABLE_BITS];
#ifndef __FP_FAST_FMA
struct {double chi, clo;} tab2[1 << LOG2_TABLE_BITS];
#endif
} __log2_data attribute_hidden;
Add new pow implementation The algorithm is exp(y * log(x)), where log(x) is computed with about 1.3*2^-68 relative error (1.5*2^-68 without fma), returning the result in two doubles, and the exp part uses the same algorithm (and lookup tables) as exp, but takes the input as two doubles and a sign (to handle negative bases with odd integer exponent). The __exp1 internal symbol is no longer necessary. There is separate code path when fma is not available but the worst case error is about 0.54 ULP in both cases. The lookup table and consts for log are 4168 bytes. The .rodata+.text is decreased by 37908 bytes on aarch64. The non-nearest rounding error is less than 1 ULP. Improvements on Cortex-A72 compared to current glibc master: pow thruput: 2.40x in [0.01 11.1]x[0.01 11.1] pow latency: 1.84x in [0.01 11.1]x[0.01 11.1] Tested on aarch64-linux-gnu (defined __FP_FAST_FMA, TOINT_INTRINSICS) and arm-linux-gnueabihf (!defined __FP_FAST_FMA, !TOINT_INTRINSICS) and x86_64-linux-gnu (!defined __FP_FAST_FMA, !TOINT_INTRINSICS) and powerpc64le-linux-gnu (defined __FP_FAST_FMA, !TOINT_INTRINSICS) targets. * NEWS: Mention pow improvements. * math/Makefile (type-double-routines): Add e_pow_log_data. * sysdeps/generic/math_private.h (__exp1): Remove. * sysdeps/i386/fpu/e_pow_log_data.c: New file. * sysdeps/ia64/fpu/e_pow_log_data.c: New file. * sysdeps/ieee754/dbl-64/Makefile (CFLAGS-e_pow.c): Allow fma contraction. * sysdeps/ieee754/dbl-64/e_exp.c (__exp1): Remove. (exp_inline): Remove. (__ieee754_exp): Only single double input is handled. * sysdeps/ieee754/dbl-64/e_pow.c: Rewrite. * sysdeps/ieee754/dbl-64/e_pow_log_data.c: New file. * sysdeps/ieee754/dbl-64/math_config.h (issignaling_inline): Define. (__pow_log_data): Define. * sysdeps/ieee754/dbl-64/upow.h: Remove. * sysdeps/ieee754/dbl-64/upow.tbl: Remove. * sysdeps/m68k/m680x0/fpu/e_pow_log_data.c: New file. * sysdeps/x86_64/fpu/multiarch/Makefile (CFLAGS-e_pow-fma.c): Allow fma contraction. (CFLAGS-e_pow-fma4.c): Likewise.
2018-06-13 16:57:20 +00:00
#define POW_LOG_TABLE_BITS 7
#define POW_LOG_POLY_ORDER 8
extern const struct pow_log_data
{
double ln2hi;
double ln2lo;
double poly[POW_LOG_POLY_ORDER - 1]; /* First coefficient is 1. */
/* Note: the pad field is unused, but allows slightly faster indexing. */
/* See e_pow_log_data.c for details. */
struct {double invc, pad, logc, logctail;} tab[1 << POW_LOG_TABLE_BITS];
} __pow_log_data attribute_hidden;
Add new exp and exp2 implementations Optimized exp and exp2 implementations using a lookup table for fractional powers of 2. There are several variants, see e_exp_data.c, they can be selected by modifying math_config.h allowing different tradeoffs. The default selection should be acceptable as generic libm code. Worst case error is 0.509 ULP for exp and 0.507 ULP for exp2, on aarch64 the rodata size is 2160 bytes, shared between exp and exp2. On aarch64 .text + .rodata size decreased by 24912 bytes. The non-nearest rounding error is less than 1 ULP even on targets without efficient round implementation (although the error rate is higher in that case). Targets with single instruction, rounding mode independent, to nearest integer rounding and conversion can use them by setting TOINT_INTRINSICS and adding the necessary code to their math_private.h. The __exp1 code uses the same algorithm, so the error bound of pow increased a bit. New double precision error handling code was added following the style of the single precision error handling code. Improvements on Cortex-A72 compared to current glibc master: exp thruput: 1.61x in [-9.9 9.9] exp latency: 1.53x in [-9.9 9.9] exp thruput: 1.13x in [0.5 1] exp latency: 1.30x in [0.5 1] exp2 thruput: 2.03x in [-9.9 9.9] exp2 latency: 1.64x in [-9.9 9.9] For small (< 1) inputs the current exp code uses a separate algorithm so the speed up there is less. Was tested on aarch64-linux-gnu (TOINT_INTRINSICS, fma contraction) and arm-linux-gnueabihf (!TOINT_INTRINSICS, no fma contraction) and x86_64-linux-gnu (!TOINT_INTRINSICS, no fma contraction) and powerpc64le-linux-gnu (!TOINT_INTRINSICS, fma contraction) targets, only non-nearest rounding ulp errors increase and they are within acceptable bounds (ulp updates are in separate patches). * NEWS: Mention exp and exp2 improvements. * math/Makefile (libm-support): Remove t_exp. (type-double-routines): Add math_err and e_exp_data. * sysdeps/aarch64/libm-test-ulps: Update. * sysdeps/arm/libm-test-ulps: Update. * sysdeps/i386/fpu/e_exp_data.c: New file. * sysdeps/i386/fpu/math_err.c: New file. * sysdeps/i386/fpu/t_exp.c: Remove. * sysdeps/ia64/fpu/e_exp_data.c: New file. * sysdeps/ia64/fpu/math_err.c: New file. * sysdeps/ia64/fpu/t_exp.c: Remove. * sysdeps/ieee754/dbl-64/e_exp.c: Rewrite. * sysdeps/ieee754/dbl-64/e_exp2.c: Rewrite. * sysdeps/ieee754/dbl-64/e_exp_data.c: New file. * sysdeps/ieee754/dbl-64/e_pow.c (__ieee754_pow): Update error bound. * sysdeps/ieee754/dbl-64/eexp.tbl: Remove. * sysdeps/ieee754/dbl-64/math_config.h: New file. * sysdeps/ieee754/dbl-64/math_err.c: New file. * sysdeps/ieee754/dbl-64/t_exp.c: Remove. * sysdeps/ieee754/dbl-64/t_exp2.h: Remove. * sysdeps/ieee754/dbl-64/uexp.h: Remove. * sysdeps/ieee754/dbl-64/uexp.tbl: Remove. * sysdeps/m68k/m680x0/fpu/e_exp_data.c: New file. * sysdeps/m68k/m680x0/fpu/math_err.c: New file. * sysdeps/m68k/m680x0/fpu/t_exp.c: Remove. * sysdeps/powerpc/fpu/libm-test-ulps: Update. * sysdeps/x86_64/fpu/libm-test-ulps: Update.
2018-02-12 18:16:03 +00:00
#endif