When an NSS plugin only implements the _gethostbyname2_r and
_getcanonname_r callbacks, getaddrinfo could use memory that was freed
during tmpbuf resizing, through h_name in a previous query response.
The backing store for res->at->name when doing a query with
gethostbyname3_r or gethostbyname2_r is tmpbuf, which is reallocated in
gethosts during the query. For AF_INET6 lookup with AI_ALL |
AI_V4MAPPED, gethosts gets called twice, once for a v6 lookup and second
for a v4 lookup. In this case, if the first call reallocates tmpbuf
enough number of times, resulting in a malloc, th->h_name (that
res->at->name refers to) ends up on a heap allocated storage in tmpbuf.
Now if the second call to gethosts also causes the plugin callback to
return NSS_STATUS_TRYAGAIN, tmpbuf will get freed, resulting in a UAF
reference in res->at->name. This then gets dereferenced in the
getcanonname_r plugin call, resulting in the use after free.
Fix this by copying h_name over and freeing it at the end. This
resolves BZ #30843, which is assigned CVE-2023-4806.
Signed-off-by: Siddhesh Poyarekar <siddhesh@sourceware.org>
