No longer is Berkeley db used. Instead a simple hash function is used.
The database files are not updated once they are created and therefore
no complicated database is needed.
Together with a previous patch which introduced the initgroups
entry in nsswitch.conf this patch allows more customization of
the lookups for initgroups/getgrouplist. Nothing changes if
the groups entry in nsswitch.conf is used. If the initgroups entry
is used instead the code now doesn't automatically continue looking
for more entries aftedr a successful lookup. Instead the normal
rules are followed which do specify that by default no more
service is consulted. This can be overwritten with
[SUCCESS=continue]
appropriately placed in the line.
I changed the files NSS backend for networks because I thought the
getent use of getnetbyaddr is correct. But it isn't. Undo parts
of the last change and fix getent.
There were two problems in the getnetbyaddr implementation. The type
argument is pretty much useless since (almost) no input file contains
this information and the NSS backends make up the value they fill in
for the n_addrtype field. Therefore we now declare that passing AF_UNSPEC
is always recognized. Secondly, the files backend didn't compare the network
numbers with the correct endianess.
Also change getent to take advantage of the type parameter change.
* elf/ldd.bash.in: Likewise.
* elf/sprof.c: Likewise.
* locale/programs/locale.c: Likewise.
* malloc/memusage.sh: Likewise.
* nss/getent.c: Likewise.
2009-02-06 Joseph Myers <joseph@codesourcery.com>
* debug/pcprofiledump.c (print_version,
argp_program_version_hook): New function.
* elf/ldconfig.c (more_help): New function.
(argp): Use it.
* elf/sln.c (usage): New function.
(main): Support --help and --version.
* malloc/memusagestat.c (print_version): New function.
(argp_program_version_hook): New variable.
* nscd/nscd.c (more_help): New function.
(argp): Use it.
* posix/getconf.c (main): Send --version output to stdout.
Support --help.
* sunrpc/rpc_main.c (usage, options_usage): Take STREAM and STATUS
arguments. All callers changed.
(print_version): New function.
(parseargs): Support --help and --version.
* sunrpc/rpcinfo.c (usage): Take STREAM argument. All callers
changed.
(print_version): New function.
(main): Use getopt_long. Support --help and --version.
* sysdeps/unix/sysv/linux/lddlibc4.c (main): Support --help and
--version.
2009-02-06 Ulrich Drepper <drepper@redhat.com>
prototypes.
* include/arpa/nameser_compat.h: Define T_UNSPEC.
* nis/Versions (libnss_nis): Export _nss_nis_gethostbyname4_r.
(libnss_nisplus): Export _nss_nisplus_gethostbyname4_r.
* nis/nss_nis/nis-hosts.c (LINE_PARSER): Change to also handle
af==AF_UNSPEC.
(_nss_nis_gethostbyname4_r): New function.
* nis/nss_nisplus/nisplus-hosts.c (_nss_nisplus_parse_hostent):
Change to also handle af==AF_UNSPEC.
(get_tablename): New function. Use it to avoid duplication.
(_nss_nisplus_gethostbyname4_r): New function.
* nscd/aicache.c (addhstaiX): Use gethostbyname4_r function is
available.
* nss/Versions (libnss_files): Export _nss_files_gethostbyname4_r.
* nss/nss.h: Define struct gaih_addrtuple.
* nss/nss_files/files-hosts.c (LINE_PARSER): Change to also handle
af==AF_UNSPEC.
(_nss_files_gethostbyname4_r): New function.
* resolv/Versions (libnss_dns): Export _nss_dns_gethostbyname4_r.
* resolv/gethnmaddr.c: Adjust __libc_res_nsearch and __libc_res_nquery
calls.
* resolv/res_query.c (__libc_res_nquery): Take two additional
parameters for second answer buffer. Handle type=T_UNSPEC to mean
look up IPv4 and IPv6.
Change all callers.
* resolv/res_send.c (__libc_res_nsend): Take five aditional parameters
for an additional query and answer buffer. Pass to send_vc and
send_dg.
(send_vc): Send possibly two requests and receive two answers.
(send_dg): Likewise.
* resolv/nss_dns/dns-host.c: Adjust calls to __libc_res_nsearch and
__libc_res_nquery.
(_nss_dns_gethostbyname4_r): New function.
(gaih_getanswer_slice): Likewise.
(gaih_getanswer): Likewise.
* resolv/nss_dns/dns-canon.c (_nss_dns_getcanonname_r): Adjust
__libc_res_nquery call.
* resolv/nss_dns/dns-network.c (_nss_dns_getnetbyaddr_r): Likewise.
(_nss_dns_getnetbyname_r): Adjust __libc_res_nsearch call.
* sysdeps/posix/getaddrinfo.c: Use gethostbyname4_r function is
available.
call.
(__nisfind_server): Similar for open readColdStartFile call.
Patch partially by Jim Meyering.
* nss/nss_files/files-XXX.c (_nss_files_getXXent_r): Save errno
around internal_setent call.
gethstbynm3_r.
* nscd/gethstbynm2_r.c: Remove.
* nscd/gethstbynm3_r.c: New file.
* nscd/aicache.c (addhstaiX): Use __gethostbyaddr2_r instead of
__gethostbyaddr_r.
* nscd/gethstbyad_r.c: Generate __gethostbyaddr2_r function. Define
__gethostbyaddr_r compatibility wrapper.
* nscd/hstcache.c (cache_addhst): Add ttl parameter. Use it when
determining timeout of entry.
(lookup): Take new parameter and pass it to __gethostbyname3_r and
__gethostbyaddr2_r.
(addhstbyX): Pass reference to variable for TTL to lookup and
cache_addhst.
* nss/Versions [glibc] (GLIBC_PRIVATE): Export __nss_passwd_lookup2,
__nss_group_lookup2, __nss_hosts_lookup2, __nss_services_lookup2,
and __nss_next2. Remove __nss_services_lookup.
* nss/XXX-lookup.c: Name function now *_lookup2. Add new parameter.
Add compat wrapper.
* nss/getXXbyYY_r.c: Changes to call new *_lookup2 functions and
__nss_next2.
* nss/getXXent_r.c: Likewise.
* nss/getnssent_r.c: Likewise.
* nss/nsswitch.c (__nss_lookup): Add new parameter. If first function
does not exist in module, try the optional second name.
(__nss_next2): New function.
(__nss_next): Now wrapper around __nss_next2.
* nss/nsswitch.h: Adjust __nss_lookup prototype.
Declare __nss_next2.
Adjust definition of db_lookup_function type.
* nss/service-lookup.c: Define NO_COMPAT.
* include/netdb.h: Declare __gethostbyaddr2_r and __gethostbyname3_r.
* inet/ether_hton.c: Use __nss_next2 instead of __nss_next.
* inet/ether_ntoh.c: Likewise.
* sunrpc/netname.c: Likewise.
* sunrpc/publickey.c: Likewise.
* inet/getnetgrent.c: Likewise. Adjust calls to __nss_lookup.
* inet/gethstbyad_r.c (DB_LOOKUP_FCT): Change to __nss_hosts_lookup2.
* inet/gethstbynm2_r.c (DB_LOOKUP_FCT): Likewise.
* inet/gethstbynm_r.c (DB_LOOKUP_FCT): Likewise.
* inet/gethstent_r.c (DB_LOOKUP_FCT): Likewise.
* nscd/aicache.c (addhstaiX): Fix default TTL handling.
* inet/getnetgrent.c (setup): Encrypt static pointer.
void **.
* nss/nsswitch.h (service_user): Use void * type for KNOWN field.
* nss/nss_files/files-hosts.c (LINE_PARSER): Cast host_addr to
char * to avoid warning.
* nis/nss_nis/nis-hosts.c (LINE_PARSER): Likewise.
* timezone/Makefile (CFLAGS-zdump.c): Add -fwrapv.
* locale/programs/ld-ctype.c (ctype_finish, set_class_defaults,
allocate_arrays): Cast second argument to charmap_find_symbol
to char * to avoid warnings.
* locale/programs/repertoire.c (repertoire_new_char): Change
from_nr, to_nr and cnt to unsigned long, adjust printf format
string.
* locale/programs/ld-collate.c (insert_value, handle_ellipsis):
Cast second argument to new_element to char * to avoid warnings.
* locale/weightwc.h (findidx): Cast &extra[-i] to const int32_t *.
* intl/gettextP.h (struct loaded_domain): Change plural to const
struct expression *.
* intl/plural-eval.c (plural_eval): Change first argument to
const struct expression *.
* intl/plural-exp.c (EXTRACT_PLURAL_EXPRESSION): Change first
argument to const struct expression **.
* intl/plural-exp.h (EXTRACT_PLURAL_EXPRESSION, plural_eval): Adjust
prototypes.
* intl/loadmsgcat (_nl_unload_domain): Cast away const
in call to __gettext_free_exp.
* posix/fnmatch.c (fnmatch): Rearrange code to avoid maybe
unitialized wstring/wpattern var warnings.
* posix/runtests.c (struct a_test): Make data field const char *.
* stdio-common/tst-sprintf2.c (main): Don't declere u, v and buf
vars if not LDBL_MANT_DIG >= 106.
* stdio-common/Makefile (CFLAGS-vfwprintf.c): Add -Wno-unitialized.
* stdio-common/vfprintf.c (vfprintf): Cast first arugment to
__find_specmb to avoid warning.
* rt/tst-mqueue1.c (do_one_test): Add casts to avoid warnings.
* debug/test-strcpy_chk.c (do_tests, do_random_tests): Add casts
to avoid warnings.
* sysdeps/ieee754/ldbl-96/s_roundl.c (huge): Add L suffix to
initializer.
* sysdeps/unix/clock_gettime.c (clock_gettime): Only define
tv var when it will be actually used.
* sunrpc/rpc_cmsg.c (xdr_callmsg): Cast IXDR_PUT_* to void
to avoid warnings.
was allocated here. [Coverity CID 219]
* posix/getconf.c (print_all): Free confstr data after printing.
[Coverity CID 218]
* sysdeps/posix/getaddrinfo.c (gaih_inet): Free canon string if
list allocation fails. [Coverity CID 215]
* nss/nsswitch.c (__nss_configure_lookup): Fix loop end condition.
[Coverity CID 213]
* argp/argp-help.c (hol_entry_cmp): Don't call canon_doc_option if
string is NULL. [Coverity CID 212]
* argp/Makefile: Add rules to build and run bug-argp1.
* argp/bug-argp1.c: New file.
* io/ftw.c (ftw_dir): Use __rawmemchr instead of strchr to find
end of string.
* stdlib/canonicalize.c (__realpath): Likewise.
* locale/programs/ld-time.c (time_finish): Don't dereference NULL
pointer. [Coverity CID 206]
* elf/dl-dst.h (DL_DST_REQUIRED): Be prepared for missing link map
in statically linked code.
* elf/dl-load.c (_dl_dst_substitute): When replacing ORIGIN in
statically built code, be prepared to have no link map.
[Coverity CID 205]
* argp/argp-help.c (fill_in_uparams): Handle STATE==NULL in
dgettext calls. [Coverity CID 204]
* argp/argp-help.c (struct uparams): Remove valid member. Change
the one user.
(uparam_names): Reduce size. Avoid relative relocations.
Moved to read-only segment.
(fill_in_uparams): Update for new layout.
* sysdeps/unix/sysv/linux/ifaddrs.c (getifaddrs): Parameter can be
assumed to always be != NULL. [Coverity CID 202]
* argp/argp-help.c (hol_entry_help): Remove some dead code
[Coverity CID 200].
* nis/nss_nis/nis-service.c (_nss_nis_getservbyport_r): Optimize
away a few more unconditional yperr2nss calls.
(_nss_nis_getservbyname_r): Likewise.
invalid length [Coverity CID 106].
* nss/nss_files/files-key.c (search): Close stream before
successful return [Coverity CID 107].
* io/fts.c (fts_open): Don't allocate parent if *argv==NULL
[Coverity CID 108].
* sunrpc/rpc_cout.c (inline_struct): Free sizestr after use
[Coverity CID 110, 109].
* sunrpc/rpc_scan.c (docppline): Free file string if it is not
going to be used [Coverity CID 111].
* sysdeps/unix/sysv/linux/getsourcefilter.c (getsourcefilter): Free
memory if socket level value cannot be retrieved [Coverity CID 112].
* nis/nis_clone_dir.c (nis_clone_directory): Free all memory in
error case [Coverity CID 114].
* nis/nis_clone_res.c (nis_clone_result): Free all memory in the
error cases [Coverity CID 115].
* sunrpc/rpc_parse.c (get_definition): Free defp if tok ==
TOK_EOF [Coverity CID 116].
* sysdeps/unix/sysv/linux/setsourcefilter.c (setsourcefilter): Free
memory if socket level value cannot be retrieved [Coverity CID 117].
* elf/cache.c (save_cache): Initialize pad to avoid writing
uninitialized data to disk.
* elf/cache.c (save_cache): Free file_entries_new [Coverity CID 118].
* intl/finddomain.c (_nl_find_domain): Avoid strdup of expand
locale name, use strdupa. Remove free call [Coverity CID 119].
* sunrpc/rpc_main.c (generate_guard): Avoid extra allocation and
the resulting leak [Coverity CID 121].
* sunrpc/rpc_main.c (mkfile_output): Free all allocated memory
[Coverity CID 122].
* sunrpc/rpc_main.c (h_output): Free guard after we are done
[Coverity CID 123].
* sunrpc/svc_udp.c (cache_set): Free victim if newbuf allocation
fails [Coverity CID 126].
* sunrpc/svc_udp.c (svcudp_enablecache): Free memory in error
cases [Coverity CID 127].
* nis/nis_table.c (__create_ib_request): Free ibreq in case strdup
fails [Coverity CID 128].
* nis/nis_getservlist.c (nis_getservlist): Free all memory in case
of an error [Coverity CID 130, 129].
* nis/nis_print_group_entry.c (nis_print_group_entry): If
nis_lookup call failed, return. Free lookup result in error
cases [Coverity CID 131].
* nis/nis_removemember.c (nis_removemember): Free all memory in
error cases [Coverity CID 132].
* nis/nss_nisplus/nisplus-alias.c (_nss_nisplus_getaliasbyname_r):
Always free lookup result [Coverity CID 134].
* nis/nss_nisplus/nisplus-ethers.c (_nss_nisplus_gethostton_r):
Always free lookup result [Coverity CID 135].
* nis/nss_nisplus/nisplus-ethers.c (_nss_nisplus_getntohost_r):
Always free lookup result [Coverity CID 136].
* nis/nss_nisplus/nisplus-network.c (_nss_nisplus_getnetbyaddr_r):
Before retrying, free old result [Coverity CID 137].
* nis/nss_nisplus/nisplus-publickey.c (_nss_nisplus_netname2user):
Free res in case UID is zero [Coverity CID 138].
* nis/ypclnt.c (yp_update): Always free master string
[Coverity CID 140].
* nis/nis_creategroup.c (nis_creategroup): Free all memory in
error cases [Coverity CID 143, 142, 141].
* nis/nss_nis/nis-publickey.c (_nss_nis_getpublickey): Free result
if yp_match call succeeded [Coverity CID 155].
* nis/nss_nis/nis-publickey.c (_nss_nis_getsecretkey): Free string
allocated in yp_match at all times [Coverity CID 157, 156].
* nscd/nscd.c (write_pid): Close stream also if writing failed
[Coverity CID 165].
* nis/nis_table.c (nis_add_entry): Move test for NULL parameter
ahead of first use [Coverity CID 167].
* nis/nss_nis/nis-alias.c (_nss_nis_getaliasbyname_r): Move test
for NULL parameter ahead of first use [Coverity CID 168].
* intl/finddomain.c (_nl_find_domain): We never return NULL if we
found the locale [Coverity CID 169].
* inet/getnameinfo.c (getnameinfo): __getservbyport_r does not set
herrno [Coverity CID 178].
* nis/nis_checkpoint.c (nis_checkpoint): Don't access and returned
freed object [Coverity CID 182].
(setup): Remove FUNC_NAME and ALL arguments, assume they are always
"setnetgrent" and 1.
(endnetgrent_hook): New function.
(internal_endnetgrent): Use it.
(__internal_setnetgrent_reuse): Use it. Adjust setup caller.
If status is NSS_STATUS_SUCCESS, yet action is continue, call
endnetgrent hook.
(internal_getnetgrent_r): Use __nss_lookup_function rather than
setup. Recompute getfct pointer after successful
__internal_setnetgrent_reuse. Don't use __nss_next.
(innetgr): Use __nss_lookup_function instead of __nss_lookup.
Adjust setup caller.
* nss/nss_files/files-netgrp.c (_nss_files_endnetgrent): Always clear
data_size and cursor. Add libnss_files_hidden_proto and
libnss_files_hidden_def.
(_nss_files_setnetgrent): Call _nss_files_endnetgrent on failure.
* nis/nss_nis/nis-netgrp.c (internal_endnetgrent): Always clear
data_size and cursor.
(_nss_nis_setnetgrent): Don't call internal_endnetgrent.
(_nss_nis_getnetgrent_r): Remove result->cursor == NULL handling.
* nis/nss_nisplus/nisplus-netgrp.c (internal_endnetgrent): Always clear
data_size and position.
(_nss_nisplus_setnetgrent): Don't call internal_endnetgrent.
2005-09-09 Ulrich Drepper <drepper@redhat.com>
* nss/getent.c (netgroup_keys): Call endnetgrent.
(main): Call mtrace.
* nss/nss_files/files-netgrp.c (_nss_files_setnetgrent): We don't
need locking for the stream. Use feof_unlocked.
2005-09-09 Jakub Jelinek <jakub@redhat.com>
2005-08-10 Sergio Gelato <Sergio.Gelato@astro.su.se>
[BZ #1188]
* nis/nss_nis/nis-netgrp.c (_nss_nis_setnetgrent): Change assert check
from (len > 0) to (len >= 0).
2005-08-16 Ulrich Drepper <drepper@redhat.com>
* nis/nis_xdr.c (_xdr_nis_result): Fix type of res variable.
Reported by Thomas Schwinge.
2005-08-15 Jakub Jelinek <jakub@redhat.com>
* nis/nis_subr.c (nis_leaf_of_r): Handle buflen == 0 correctly.
2005-08-16 Ulrich Drepper <drepper@redhat.com>
* nss/getent.c (more_help): Use open_memstream instead of handling
memory allocation ourselves.
2005-08-16 Jay Fenlason <fenlason@redhat.com>
* nss/getent.c (parse_options): change the -s option to support
{database}:{search} to override /etc/resolv.conf for only the
specified database.
2004-11-23 Jakub Jelinek <jakub@redhat.com>
* nss/nss_files/files-XXX.c (internal_getent): If parse_line returned
-1, also do H_ERRNO_SET (NETDB_INTERNAL).
2004-10-24 Ulrich Drepper <drepper@redhat.com>
* include/libc-symbols.h: Define hidden attribute macros for
libnss_files.
* include/netdb.h: Use libnss_files_hidden_proto for the parsers
defined in libnss_files, not libc_hidden_proto.
* include/netinet/ether.h: Likewise.
* include/rpc/netdb.h: Likewise.
* nss/nss_files/files-parse.c: Use hidden_def in parser definitions
instead of libc_hidden_def.
* nss/nss_files/files-netgrp.c: Add libnss_files_hidden_def to
_nss_netgroup_parseline definition.
2004-09-12 Ulrich Drepper <drepper@redhat.com>
* nss/getent.c: Don't preconstruct help message. Do it only when
needed.
* locale/programs/locale.c: Simplify help message printing.
2004-07-30 Guido Guenther <agx@sigxcpu.org>
* nss/getent.c (passwd_keys): Use strtoul instead of isdigit to
test if the key is numeric or not.
(group_keys): Likewise.
2004-06-14 Jakub Jelinek <jakub@redhat.com>
[BZ #219]
* nss/nsswitch.c (free_mem): Don't try to close a library handle
if the handle is invalid. Patch by David Kimdon <kimdon@esrf.fr>.
2004-06-11 Dmitry V. Levin <ldv@altlinux.org>
[BZ #217]
* debug/xtrace.sh: Fix typo in error diagnostics.
2004-05-26 Jakub Jelinek <jakub@redhat.com>
* include/string.h (mempcpy, stpcpy): Add libc_hidden_builtin_proto.
* string/bits/string2.h (memset): Disable macro for GCC 3.0+.
(__mempcpy): Use __builtin_mempcpy for GCC 3.4+.
(strchr): For GCC 3.2+, only use __rawmemchr if second argument is
constant '\0' and first argument is not constant.
(__stpcpy): Use __builtin_stpcpy for GCC 3.4+.
(strncpy): Remove #ifdef _USE_STRING_ARCH_mempcpy variant.
For GCC 3.2+ use __builtin_strncpy.
(strncat): For GCC 3.2+ use __builtin_strncat.
(strcmp): For GCC 3.2+ use __builtin_strcmp if both arguments are
constant.
(strcspn, strspn, strpbrk): For GCC 3.2+, use builtin function
if both arguments are constant.
2004-05-26 Ulrich Drepper <drepper@redhat.com>
* nss/nss_files/files-hosts.c: Fix condition for looking up IPv4
mapped addresses in gethostbyaddr.
2004-05-25 Ulrich Drepper <drepper@redhat.com>
* nss/digits_dots.c (__nss_hostname_digits_dots): Remove typep and
flags parameter, convert afp to simple int parameter. Adjust code.
typep was never != NULL and flags therefore also unused. *afp is
never modified.
* nss/nsswitch.h: Adjust __nss_hostname_digits_dots prototype.
* nss/getXXbyYY.c: Remove HAVE_TYPE handling. Adjust af parameter
handling for __nss_hostname_digits_dots calls.
* nss/getXXbyYY_r.c: Likewise.
* elf/dl-load.c (_dl_map_object_from_fd): Map DSOs with MAP_DENYWRITE.
* sysdeps/unix/sysv/linux/ifreq.c (__ifreq): Fix memory handling.
* sysdeps/generic/ifreq.c (__ifreq): Fix memory handling.
* resolv/res_hconf.c (_res_hconf_reorder_addrs): Make clear that
realloc cannot fail.
* nss/nss_files/files-netgrp.c (EXPAND): Free buffer which cannot
be expanded.
* nis/nis_table.c: Clean up memory handling.
* nis/nis_subr.c (nis_getnames): Clean up memory handling.
* nis/nis_removemember.c (nis_removemember): Add comment
explaining use of realloc.
2004-03-30 Jakub Jelinek <jakub@redhat.com>
* nis/nss_nis/nis-service.c (_nss_nis_getservbyname_r): If protocol
== NULL, try name/tcp and name/udp first before falling back into
the sequential scanning. Use services.byname database for
sequential scanning.
(_nss_nis_getservbyport_r): Likewise. Just allocate sizeof (int) * 3
chars for integer.
* nis/nss_nis/nis-service.c (_nss_nis_getservbyport_r): Convert
proto to host by order for snprintf.
* nss/getent.c (services_keys): Don't implement lookups with
missing protocol using getservent loop, just pass NULL.
2004-02-26 Ulrich Drepper <drepper@redhat.com>
* nss/getXXbyYY_r.c: Pass result also to the nscd_* function. Don't
set *result here.
* nscd/nscd_proto.h: Add new argument for pointer to result pointer
to all nscd_* functions.
* nscd/nscd_getgr_r.c (nscd_getgr_r): Add new parameter. Store result
pointer in the address provided by the new parameter if successful.
Otherwise store NULL. Return zero if no entry found.
(__nscd_getgrnam_r, __nscd_getgrgid_r): Add new parameter and pass
it on.
* nscd/nscd_gethst_r.c (nscd_gethst_r): Add new parameter. Store
result pointer in the address provided by the new parameter if
successful. Otherwise store NULL. Return zero if no entry found.
(__nscd_gethostbyname_r, __nscd_gethostbyname2_r,
__nscd_gethostbyaddr_r): Add new parameter and pass it on.
* nscd/nscd_getpw_r.c (nscd_getpw_r): Add new parameter. Store result
pointer in the address provided by the new parameter if successful.
Otherwise store NULL. Return zero if no entry found.
(__nscd_getpwnam_r, __nscd_getpwuid_r): Add new parameter and pass
it on.
2003-09-04 Ulrich Drepper <drepper@redhat.com>
* nss/getXXbyYY.c (FUNCTION_NAME): Add a few casts. Remove
unnecessary errno handling.
* nss/getXXbyYY_r.c (INTERNAL): Use better variable name.
Initialize it in all cases. Change it to be a bit more like the
code we had before.
2003-09-03 Ulrich Drepper <drepper@redhat.com>
* nss/getXXbyYY_r.c (INTERNAL): Explicitly set errno and avoid
returning ERANGE if this wasn't intended.
* sysdeps/posix/getaddrinfo.c (gaih_inet): Set no_inet6_date alse
if only PF_INET address is needed.
* nss/getXXbyYY_r.c: Make sure we always return a nonzero value in
case of an error.
