gtk2/gdk/win32/gdkdisplay-win32.c

/* GDK - The GIMP Drawing Kit
 * Copyright (C) 2002,2005 Hans Breuer
 * Copyright (C) 2003 Tor Lillqvist
 *
 * This library is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
 * modify it under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public
 * License as published by the Free Software Foundation; either
 * version 2 of the License, or (at your option) any later version.
 *
 * This library is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
 * but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
 * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU
 * Lesser General Public License for more details.
 *
 * You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public
 * License along with this library. If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
 */

#include "config.h"

#define _WIN32_WINNT 0x0600
#define VK_USE_PLATFORM_WIN32_KHR

#include "gdk.h"
#include "gdkprivate-win32.h"
#include "gdkcairocontext-win32.h"
#include "gdkclipboardprivate.h"
#include "gdkclipboard-win32.h"
#include "gdkdisplay-win32.h"
#include "gdkdevicemanager-win32.h"
#include "gdkglcontext-win32.h"
#include "gdkwin32display.h"
#include "gdkwin32screen.h"
#include "gdkwin32surface.h"
#include "gdkmonitor-win32.h"
#include "gdkwin32.h"
#include "gdkvulkancontext-win32.h"

#include <dwmapi.h>

#include "gdkwin32langnotification.h"
#ifdef GDK_WIN32_ENABLE_EGL
# include <epoxy/egl.h>
#endif

#ifndef IMAGE_FILE_MACHINE_ARM64
# define IMAGE_FILE_MACHINE_ARM64 0xAA64
#endif

static int debug_indent = 0;

/**
 * gdk_win32_display_add_filter:
 * @display: a `GdkWin32Display`
 * @function: filter callback
 * @data: data to pass to filter callback
 *
 * Adds an event filter to @window, allowing you to intercept messages
 * before they reach GDK. This is a low-level operation and makes it
 * easy to break GDK and/or GTK, so you have to know what you're
 * doing.
 **/
void
gdk_win32_display_add_filter (GdkWin32Display           *display,
                              GdkWin32MessageFilterFunc  function,
                              gpointer                   data)
{
  GList *tmp_list;
  GdkWin32MessageFilter *filter;

  g_return_if_fail (GDK_IS_WIN32_DISPLAY (display));

  tmp_list = display->filters;

  for (tmp_list = display->filters; tmp_list; tmp_list = tmp_list->next)
    {
      filter = (GdkWin32MessageFilter *) tmp_list->data;

      if ((filter->function == function) && (filter->data == data))
        {
          filter->ref_count++;
          return;
        }
    }

  filter = g_new (GdkWin32MessageFilter, 1);
  filter->function = function;
  filter->data = data;
  filter->ref_count = 1;
  filter->removed = FALSE;

  display->filters = g_list_append (display->filters, filter);
}

/**
 * _gdk_win32_message_filter_unref:
 * @display: A `GdkWin32Display`
 * @filter: A message filter
 *
 * Release a reference to @filter.  Note this function may
 * mutate the list storage, so you need to handle this
 * if iterating over a list of filters.
 */
void
_gdk_win32_message_filter_unref (GdkWin32Display       *display,
			         GdkWin32MessageFilter *filter)
{
  GList **filters;
  GList *tmp_list;

  filters = &display->filters;

  tmp_list = *filters;
  while (tmp_list)
    {
      GdkWin32MessageFilter *iter_filter = tmp_list->data;
      GList *node;

      node = tmp_list;
      tmp_list = tmp_list->next;

      if (iter_filter != filter)
	continue;

      g_assert (iter_filter->ref_count > 0);

      filter->ref_count--;
      if (filter->ref_count != 0)
	continue;

      *filters = g_list_remove_link (*filters, node);
      g_free (filter);
      g_list_free_1 (node);
    }
}

/**
 * gdk_win32_display_remove_filter:
 * @display: A `GdkWin32Display`
 * @function: previously-added filter function
 * @data: user data for previously-added filter function
 *
 * Remove a filter previously added with gdk_win32_display_add_filter().
 */
void
gdk_win32_display_remove_filter (GdkWin32Display           *display,
                                 GdkWin32MessageFilterFunc  function,
                                 gpointer                   data)
{
  GList *tmp_list;
  GdkWin32MessageFilter *filter;

  g_return_if_fail (GDK_IS_WIN32_DISPLAY (display));

  tmp_list = display->filters;

  while (tmp_list)
    {
      filter = (GdkWin32MessageFilter *) tmp_list->data;
      tmp_list = tmp_list->next;

      if ((filter->function == function) && (filter->data == data))
        {
          filter->removed = TRUE;

          _gdk_win32_message_filter_unref (display, filter);

          return;
        }
    }
}

static GdkMonitor *
_gdk_win32_display_find_matching_monitor (GdkWin32Display *win32_display,
                                          GdkMonitor      *needle)
{
  int i;

  for (i = 0; i < g_list_model_get_n_items (win32_display->monitors); i++)
    {
      GdkWin32Monitor *m;

      m = g_list_model_get_item (win32_display->monitors, i);
      g_object_unref (m);

      if (_gdk_win32_monitor_compare (m, GDK_WIN32_MONITOR (needle)) == 0)
        return GDK_MONITOR (m);
    }

  return NULL;
}

void
_gdk_win32_display_init_monitors (GdkWin32Display *win32_display)
{
  GPtrArray *new_monitors;
  int i;
  GdkWin32Monitor *primary_to_move = NULL;

  for (i = 0; i < g_list_model_get_n_items (win32_display->monitors); i++)
    {
      GdkWin32Monitor *m;

      m = g_list_model_get_item (win32_display->monitors, i);
      m->remove = TRUE;
      g_object_unref (m);
    }

  new_monitors = _gdk_win32_display_get_monitor_list (win32_display);

  for (i = 0; i < new_monitors->len; i++)
    {
      GdkWin32Monitor *w32_m;
      GdkMonitor *m;
      GdkWin32Monitor *w32_ex_monitor;
      GdkMonitor *ex_monitor;
      GdkRectangle geometry;
      GdkRectangle workarea, ex_workarea;

      w32_m = GDK_WIN32_MONITOR (g_ptr_array_index (new_monitors, i));
      m = GDK_MONITOR (w32_m);
      ex_monitor = _gdk_win32_display_find_matching_monitor (win32_display, m);
      w32_ex_monitor = GDK_WIN32_MONITOR (ex_monitor);

      if (ex_monitor == NULL)
        {
          w32_m->add = TRUE;
          continue;
        }

      w32_ex_monitor->remove = FALSE;

      if (i == 0)
        primary_to_move = w32_ex_monitor;

      gdk_monitor_get_geometry (m, &geometry);
      gdk_win32_monitor_get_workarea (m, &workarea);
      gdk_win32_monitor_get_workarea (ex_monitor, &ex_workarea);

      if (memcmp (&workarea, &ex_workarea, sizeof (GdkRectangle)) != 0)
        {
          w32_ex_monitor->work_rect = workarea;
        }

      gdk_monitor_set_geometry (ex_monitor, &geometry);

      if (gdk_monitor_get_width_mm (m) != gdk_monitor_get_width_mm (ex_monitor) ||
          gdk_monitor_get_height_mm (m) != gdk_monitor_get_height_mm (ex_monitor))
        {
          gdk_monitor_set_physical_size (ex_monitor,
                                         gdk_monitor_get_width_mm (m),
                                         gdk_monitor_get_height_mm (m));
        }

      if (g_strcmp0 (gdk_monitor_get_model (m), gdk_monitor_get_model (ex_monitor)) != 0)
        {
          gdk_monitor_set_model (ex_monitor,
                                 gdk_monitor_get_model (m));
        }

      if (g_strcmp0 (gdk_monitor_get_manufacturer (m), gdk_monitor_get_manufacturer (ex_monitor)) != 0)
        {
          gdk_monitor_set_manufacturer (ex_monitor,
                                        gdk_monitor_get_manufacturer (m));
        }

      if (gdk_monitor_get_refresh_rate (m) != gdk_monitor_get_refresh_rate (ex_monitor))
        {
          gdk_monitor_set_refresh_rate (ex_monitor, gdk_monitor_get_refresh_rate (m));
        }

      if (gdk_monitor_get_scale_factor (m) != gdk_monitor_get_scale_factor (ex_monitor))
        {
          gdk_monitor_set_scale_factor (ex_monitor, gdk_monitor_get_scale_factor (m));
        }

      if (gdk_monitor_get_subpixel_layout (m) != gdk_monitor_get_subpixel_layout (ex_monitor))
        {
          gdk_monitor_set_subpixel_layout (ex_monitor, gdk_monitor_get_subpixel_layout (m));
        }
    }

  for (i = g_list_model_get_n_items (win32_display->monitors) - 1; i >= 0; i--)
    {
      GdkWin32Monitor *w32_ex_monitor;
      GdkMonitor *ex_monitor;

      w32_ex_monitor = GDK_WIN32_MONITOR (g_list_model_get_item (win32_display->monitors, i));
      g_object_unref (w32_ex_monitor);
      ex_monitor = GDK_MONITOR (w32_ex_monitor);

      if (!w32_ex_monitor->remove)
        continue;

      g_list_store_remove (G_LIST_STORE (win32_display->monitors), i);
      gdk_monitor_invalidate (ex_monitor);
    }

  for (i = 0; i < new_monitors->len; i++)
    {
      GdkWin32Monitor *w32_m;

      w32_m = GDK_WIN32_MONITOR (g_ptr_array_index (new_monitors, i));

      if (!w32_m->add)
        continue;

      if (i == 0)
        g_list_store_insert (G_LIST_STORE (win32_display->monitors), 0, w32_m);
      else
        g_list_store_append (G_LIST_STORE (win32_display->monitors), w32_m);
    }

  g_ptr_array_free (new_monitors, TRUE);

  if (primary_to_move)
    {
      guint pos;
      g_object_ref (primary_to_move);
      if (g_list_store_find (G_LIST_STORE (win32_display->monitors), primary_to_move, &pos))
        g_list_store_remove (G_LIST_STORE (win32_display->monitors), pos);
      g_list_store_insert (G_LIST_STORE (win32_display->monitors), 0, primary_to_move);
      g_object_unref (primary_to_move);
    }
}


/**
 * gdk_win32_display_set_cursor_theme:
 * @display: (type GdkWin32Display): a `GdkDisplay`
 * @name: (nullable): the name of the cursor theme to use, or %NULL
 *   to unset a previously set value
 * @size: the cursor size to use, or 0 to keep the previous size
 *
 * Sets the cursor theme from which the images for cursor
 * should be taken.
 *
 * If the windowing system supports it, existing cursors created
 * with [ctor@Gdk.Cursor.new_from_name] are updated to reflect the theme
 * change. Custom cursors constructed with [ctor@Gdk.Cursor.new_from_texture]
 * will have to be handled by the application (GTK applications can
 * learn about cursor theme changes by listening for change notification
 * for the corresponding `GtkSetting`).
 */
void
gdk_win32_display_set_cursor_theme (GdkDisplay  *display,
                                    const char *name,
                                    int          size)
{
  int cursor_size;
  int w, h;
  Win32CursorTheme *theme;
  GdkWin32Display *win32_display = GDK_WIN32_DISPLAY (display);

  g_assert (win32_display);

  if (name == NULL)
    name = "system";

  w = GetSystemMetrics (SM_CXCURSOR);
  h = GetSystemMetrics (SM_CYCURSOR);

  /* We can load cursors of any size, but SetCursor() will scale them back
   * to this value. It's possible to break that restrictions with SetSystemCursor(),
   * but that will override cursors for the whole desktop session.
   */
  cursor_size = (w == h) ? w : size;

  if (win32_display->cursor_theme_name != NULL &&
      g_strcmp0 (name, win32_display->cursor_theme_name) == 0 &&
      win32_display->cursor_theme_size == cursor_size)
    return;

  theme = win32_cursor_theme_load (name, cursor_size);
  if (theme == NULL)
    {
      g_warning ("Failed to load cursor theme %s", name);
      return;
    }

  if (win32_display->cursor_theme)
    {
      win32_cursor_theme_destroy (win32_display->cursor_theme);
      win32_display->cursor_theme = NULL;
    }

  win32_display->cursor_theme = theme;
  g_free (win32_display->cursor_theme_name);
  win32_display->cursor_theme_name = g_strdup (name);
  win32_display->cursor_theme_size = cursor_size;

  _gdk_win32_display_update_cursors (win32_display);
}

Win32CursorTheme *
_gdk_win32_display_get_cursor_theme (GdkWin32Display *win32_display)
{
  Win32CursorTheme *theme;

  g_assert (win32_display->cursor_theme_name);

  theme = win32_display->cursor_theme;
  if (!theme)
    {
      theme = win32_cursor_theme_load (win32_display->cursor_theme_name,
                                       win32_display->cursor_theme_size);
      if (theme == NULL)
        {
          g_warning ("Failed to load cursor theme %s",
                     win32_display->cursor_theme_name);
          return NULL;
        }
      win32_display->cursor_theme = theme;
    }

  return theme;
}

static gulong
gdk_win32_display_get_next_serial (GdkDisplay *display)
{
	return 0;
}

static LRESULT CALLBACK
inner_display_change_window_procedure (HWND   hwnd,
                                       UINT   message,
                                       WPARAM wparam,
                                       LPARAM lparam)
{
  switch (message)
    {
    case WM_DESTROY:
      {
        PostQuitMessage (0);
        return 0;
      }
    case WM_DISPLAYCHANGE:
      {
        GdkWin32Display *win32_display = GDK_WIN32_DISPLAY (_gdk_display);

        _gdk_win32_screen_on_displaychange_event (GDK_WIN32_SCREEN (win32_display->screen));
        return 0;
      }
    default:
      /* Otherwise call DefWindowProcW(). */
      GDK_NOTE (EVENTS, g_print (" DefWindowProcW"));
      return DefWindowProc (hwnd, message, wparam, lparam);
    }
}

static LRESULT CALLBACK
display_change_window_procedure (HWND   hwnd,
                                 UINT   message,
                                 WPARAM wparam,
                                 LPARAM lparam)
{
  LRESULT retval;

  GDK_NOTE (EVENTS, g_print ("%s%*s%s %p",
			     (debug_indent > 0 ? "\n" : ""),
			     debug_indent, "",
			     _gdk_win32_message_to_string (message), hwnd));
  debug_indent += 2;
  retval = inner_display_change_window_procedure (hwnd, message, wparam, lparam);
  debug_indent -= 2;

  GDK_NOTE (EVENTS, g_print (" => %" G_GINT64_FORMAT "%s", (gint64) retval, (debug_indent == 0 ? "\n" : "")));

  return retval;
}

/* Use a hidden window to be notified about display changes */
static void
register_display_change_notification (GdkDisplay *display)
{
  GdkWin32Display *display_win32 = GDK_WIN32_DISPLAY (display);
  WNDCLASS wclass = { 0, };
  ATOM klass;

  wclass.lpszClassName = "GdkDisplayChange";
  wclass.lpfnWndProc = display_change_window_procedure;
  wclass.hInstance = _gdk_app_hmodule;
  wclass.style = CS_OWNDC;

  klass = RegisterClass (&wclass);
  if (klass)
    {
      display_win32->hwnd = CreateWindow (MAKEINTRESOURCE (klass),
                                          NULL, WS_POPUP,
                                          0, 0, 0, 0, NULL, NULL,
                                          _gdk_app_hmodule, NULL);
      if (!display_win32->hwnd)
        {
          UnregisterClass (MAKEINTRESOURCE (klass), _gdk_app_hmodule);
        }
    }
}

GdkDisplay *
_gdk_win32_display_open (const char *display_name)
{
  GdkWin32Display *win32_display;

  GDK_NOTE (MISC, g_print ("gdk_display_open: %s\n", (display_name ? display_name : "NULL")));

  if (display_name == NULL ||
      g_ascii_strcasecmp (display_name,
			  gdk_display_get_name (_gdk_display)) == 0)
    {
      if (_gdk_display != NULL)
	{
	  GDK_NOTE (MISC, g_print ("... return _gdk_display\n"));
	  return _gdk_display;
	}
    }
  else
    {
      GDK_NOTE (MISC, g_print ("... return NULL\n"));
      return NULL;
    }

  _gdk_display = g_object_new (GDK_TYPE_WIN32_DISPLAY, NULL);
  win32_display = GDK_WIN32_DISPLAY (_gdk_display);

  win32_display->screen = g_object_new (GDK_TYPE_WIN32_SCREEN, NULL);

  _gdk_events_init (_gdk_display);

  _gdk_input_ignore_core = 0;

  _gdk_device_manager = g_object_new (GDK_TYPE_DEVICE_MANAGER_WIN32,
                                      NULL);
  _gdk_device_manager->display = _gdk_display;

  _gdk_win32_lang_notification_init ();
  _gdk_drag_init ();
  _gdk_drop_init ();

  _gdk_display->clipboard = gdk_win32_clipboard_new (_gdk_display);
  _gdk_display->primary_clipboard = gdk_clipboard_new (_gdk_display);

  /* Precalculate display name */
  (void) gdk_display_get_name (_gdk_display);

  register_display_change_notification (_gdk_display);

  g_signal_emit_by_name (_gdk_display, "opened");

  GDK_NOTE (MISC, g_print ("... _gdk_display now set up\n"));

  return _gdk_display;
}

G_DEFINE_TYPE (GdkWin32Display, gdk_win32_display, GDK_TYPE_DISPLAY)

static const char *
gdk_win32_display_get_name (GdkDisplay *display)
{
  HDESK hdesk = GetThreadDesktop (GetCurrentThreadId ());
  char dummy;
  char *desktop_name;
  HWINSTA hwinsta = GetProcessWindowStation ();
  char *window_station_name;
  DWORD n;
  DWORD session_id;
  char *display_name;
  static const char *display_name_cache = NULL;
  typedef BOOL (WINAPI *PFN_ProcessIdToSessionId) (DWORD, DWORD *);
  PFN_ProcessIdToSessionId processIdToSessionId;

  g_return_val_if_fail (GDK_IS_DISPLAY (display), NULL);

  if (display_name_cache != NULL)
    return display_name_cache;

  n = 0;
  GetUserObjectInformation (hdesk, UOI_NAME, &dummy, 0, &n);
  if (n == 0)
    desktop_name = "Default";
  else
    {
      n++;
      desktop_name = g_alloca (n + 1);
      memset (desktop_name, 0, n + 1);

      if (!GetUserObjectInformation (hdesk, UOI_NAME, desktop_name, n, &n))
	desktop_name = "Default";
    }

  n = 0;
  GetUserObjectInformation (hwinsta, UOI_NAME, &dummy, 0, &n);
  if (n == 0)
    window_station_name = "WinSta0";
  else
    {
      n++;
      window_station_name = g_alloca (n + 1);
      memset (window_station_name, 0, n + 1);

      if (!GetUserObjectInformation (hwinsta, UOI_NAME, window_station_name, n, &n))
	window_station_name = "WinSta0";
    }

  processIdToSessionId = (PFN_ProcessIdToSessionId) GetProcAddress (GetModuleHandle ("kernel32.dll"), "ProcessIdToSessionId");
  if (!processIdToSessionId || !processIdToSessionId (GetCurrentProcessId (), &session_id))
    session_id = 0;

  display_name = g_strdup_printf ("%ld\\%s\\%s",
				  session_id,
				  window_station_name,
				  desktop_name);

  GDK_NOTE (MISC, g_print ("gdk_win32_display_get_name: %s\n", display_name));

  display_name_cache = display_name;

  return display_name_cache;
}

static void
gdk_win32_display_beep (GdkDisplay *display)
{
  g_return_if_fail (display == gdk_display_get_default());
  if (!MessageBeep (-1))
    Beep(1000, 50);
}

static void
gdk_win32_display_flush (GdkDisplay * display)
{
  g_return_if_fail (display == _gdk_display);

  GdiFlush ();
}

static void
gdk_win32_display_sync (GdkDisplay * display)
{
  g_return_if_fail (display == _gdk_display);

  GdiFlush ();
}

static void
gdk_win32_display_dispose (GObject *object)
{
  GdkWin32Display *display_win32 = GDK_WIN32_DISPLAY (object);

#ifdef GDK_WIN32_ENABLE_EGL
  if (display_win32->egl_disp != EGL_NO_DISPLAY)
    {
      eglTerminate (display_win32->egl_disp);
      display_win32->egl_disp = EGL_NO_DISPLAY;
    }
#endif

  if (display_win32->hwnd != NULL)
    {
      if (display_win32->dummy_context_wgl.hglrc != NULL)
        {
          wglMakeCurrent (NULL, NULL);
          wglDeleteContext (display_win32->dummy_context_wgl.hglrc);
          display_win32->dummy_context_wgl.hglrc = NULL;
        }

      if (display_win32->dummy_context_wgl.hdc != NULL)
        {
          ReleaseDC (display_win32->hwnd, display_win32->dummy_context_wgl.hdc);
          display_win32->dummy_context_wgl.hdc = NULL;
        }

      DestroyWindow (display_win32->hwnd);
      display_win32->hwnd = NULL;
    }

  if (display_win32->have_at_least_win81)
    {
      if (display_win32->shcore_funcs.hshcore != NULL)
        {
          FreeLibrary (display_win32->shcore_funcs.hshcore);
          display_win32->shcore_funcs.hshcore = NULL;
        }
    }

  G_OBJECT_CLASS (gdk_win32_display_parent_class)->dispose (object);
}

static void
gdk_win32_display_finalize (GObject *object)
{
  GdkWin32Display *display_win32 = GDK_WIN32_DISPLAY (object);

  _gdk_win32_display_finalize_cursors (display_win32);
  _gdk_win32_dnd_exit ();
  _gdk_win32_lang_notification_exit ();

  g_list_store_remove_all (G_LIST_STORE (display_win32->monitors));
  g_object_unref (display_win32->monitors);

  while (display_win32->filters)
    _gdk_win32_message_filter_unref (display_win32, display_win32->filters->data);

  G_OBJECT_CLASS (gdk_win32_display_parent_class)->finalize (object);
}

static void
_gdk_win32_enable_hidpi (GdkWin32Display *display)
{
  gboolean check_for_dpi_awareness = FALSE;
  gboolean have_hpi_disable_envvar = FALSE;

  HMODULE user32;
  user32 = GetModuleHandleW (L"user32.dll");

  enum dpi_aware_status {
    DPI_STATUS_PENDING,
    DPI_STATUS_SUCCESS,
    DPI_STATUS_DISABLED,
    DPI_STATUS_FAILED
  } status = DPI_STATUS_PENDING;

  if (g_win32_check_windows_version (6, 3, 0, G_WIN32_OS_ANY))
    {
      /* If we are on Windows 8.1 or later, cache up functions from shcore.dll, by all means */
      display->have_at_least_win81 = TRUE;

      if (user32 != NULL)
        {
          display->user32_dpi_funcs.setPDAC =
            (funcSPDAC) GetProcAddress (user32, "SetProcessDpiAwarenessContext");
          display->user32_dpi_funcs.getTDAC =
            (funcGTDAC) GetProcAddress (user32, "GetThreadDpiAwarenessContext");
          display->user32_dpi_funcs.areDACEqual =
            (funcADACE) GetProcAddress (user32, "AreDpiAwarenessContextsEqual");
        }

      display->shcore_funcs.hshcore = LoadLibraryW (L"shcore.dll");

      if (display->shcore_funcs.hshcore != NULL)
        {
          display->shcore_funcs.setDpiAwareFunc =
            (funcSetProcessDpiAwareness) GetProcAddress (display->shcore_funcs.hshcore,
                                                         "SetProcessDpiAwareness");
          display->shcore_funcs.getDpiAwareFunc =
            (funcGetProcessDpiAwareness) GetProcAddress (display->shcore_funcs.hshcore,
                                                         "GetProcessDpiAwareness");

          display->shcore_funcs.getDpiForMonitorFunc =
            (funcGetDpiForMonitor) GetProcAddress (display->shcore_funcs.hshcore,
                                                   "GetDpiForMonitor");
        }
    }
  else
    {
      /* Windows Vista through 8: use functions from user32.dll directly */

      display->have_at_least_win81 = FALSE;

      if (user32 != NULL)
        {
          display->user32_dpi_funcs.setDpiAwareFunc =
            (funcSetProcessDPIAware) GetProcAddress (user32, "SetProcessDPIAware");
          display->user32_dpi_funcs.isDpiAwareFunc =
            (funcIsProcessDPIAware) GetProcAddress (user32, "IsProcessDPIAware");
        }
    }

  if (g_getenv ("GDK_WIN32_DISABLE_HIDPI") == NULL)
    {
      /* For Windows 8.1 and later, use SetProcessDPIAwareness() */
      if (display->have_at_least_win81)
        {
          /* then make the GDK-using app DPI-aware */
          if (display->user32_dpi_funcs.setPDAC != NULL)
            {
              HANDLE hidpi_mode_ctx;
              GdkWin32ProcessDpiAwareness hidpi_mode;

              /* TODO: See how per-monitor DPI awareness is done by the Wayland backend */
              if (g_getenv ("GDK_WIN32_PER_MONITOR_HIDPI") != NULL)
                {
                  hidpi_mode_ctx = DPI_AWARENESS_CONTEXT_PER_MONITOR_AWARE_V2;
                  hidpi_mode = PROCESS_PER_MONITOR_DPI_AWARE;
                }
              else
                {
                  hidpi_mode_ctx = DPI_AWARENESS_CONTEXT_SYSTEM_AWARE;
                  hidpi_mode = PROCESS_SYSTEM_DPI_AWARE;
                }

              if (display->user32_dpi_funcs.setPDAC (hidpi_mode_ctx))
                {
                  display->dpi_aware_type = hidpi_mode;
                  status = DPI_STATUS_SUCCESS;
                }
              else
                {
                  DWORD err = GetLastError ();

                  if (err == ERROR_ACCESS_DENIED)
                    check_for_dpi_awareness = TRUE;
                  else
                    {
                      display->dpi_aware_type = PROCESS_DPI_UNAWARE;
                      status = DPI_STATUS_FAILED;
                    }
                }
            }
          else if (display->shcore_funcs.setDpiAwareFunc != NULL)
            {
              GdkWin32ProcessDpiAwareness hidpi_mode;

              /* TODO: See how per-monitor DPI awareness is done by the Wayland backend */
              if (g_getenv ("GDK_WIN32_PER_MONITOR_HIDPI") != NULL)
                hidpi_mode = PROCESS_PER_MONITOR_DPI_AWARE;
              else
                hidpi_mode = PROCESS_SYSTEM_DPI_AWARE;

              switch (display->shcore_funcs.setDpiAwareFunc (hidpi_mode))
                {
                  case S_OK:
                    display->dpi_aware_type = hidpi_mode;
                    status = DPI_STATUS_SUCCESS;
                    break;
                  case E_ACCESSDENIED:
                    /* This means the app used a manifest to set DPI awareness, or a
                       DPI compatibility setting is used.
                       The manifest is the trump card in this game of bridge here.  The
                       same applies if one uses the control panel or program properties to
                       force system DPI awareness */
                    check_for_dpi_awareness = TRUE;
                    break;
                  default:
                    display->dpi_aware_type = PROCESS_DPI_UNAWARE;
                    status = DPI_STATUS_FAILED;
                    break;
                }
            }
          else
            {
              check_for_dpi_awareness = TRUE;
            }
        }
      else
        {
          /* For Windows Vista through 8, use SetProcessDPIAware() */
          display->have_at_least_win81 = FALSE;
          if (display->user32_dpi_funcs.setDpiAwareFunc != NULL)
            {
              if (display->user32_dpi_funcs.setDpiAwareFunc () != 0)
                {
                  display->dpi_aware_type = PROCESS_SYSTEM_DPI_AWARE;
                  status = DPI_STATUS_SUCCESS;
                }
              else
                {
                  check_for_dpi_awareness = TRUE;
                }
            }
          else
            {
              display->dpi_aware_type = PROCESS_DPI_UNAWARE;
              status = DPI_STATUS_FAILED;
            }
        }
    }
  else
    {
      /* if GDK_WIN32_DISABLE_HIDPI is set, check for any DPI
       * awareness settings done via manifests or user settings
       */
      check_for_dpi_awareness = TRUE;
      have_hpi_disable_envvar = TRUE;
    }

  if (check_for_dpi_awareness)
    {
      if (display->have_at_least_win81)
        {
          if (display->user32_dpi_funcs.getTDAC != NULL &&
              display->user32_dpi_funcs.areDACEqual != NULL)
            {
              HANDLE dpi_aware_ctx = display->user32_dpi_funcs.getTDAC ();
              if (display->user32_dpi_funcs.areDACEqual (dpi_aware_ctx,
                                                         DPI_AWARENESS_CONTEXT_UNAWARE))
                /* This means the DPI awareness setting was forcefully disabled */
                status = DPI_STATUS_DISABLED;
              else
                {
                  status = DPI_STATUS_SUCCESS;
                  if (display->user32_dpi_funcs.areDACEqual (dpi_aware_ctx,
                                                             DPI_AWARENESS_CONTEXT_SYSTEM_AWARE))
                    display->dpi_aware_type = PROCESS_SYSTEM_DPI_AWARE;
                  else
                    display->dpi_aware_type = PROCESS_PER_MONITOR_DPI_AWARE_V2;
                }
            }
          else if (display->shcore_funcs.getDpiAwareFunc != NULL)
            {
              display->shcore_funcs.getDpiAwareFunc (NULL, &display->dpi_aware_type);

              if (display->dpi_aware_type != PROCESS_DPI_UNAWARE)
                status = DPI_STATUS_SUCCESS;
              else
                /* This means the DPI awareness setting was forcefully disabled */
                status = DPI_STATUS_DISABLED;
            }
          else
            {
              display->dpi_aware_type = PROCESS_DPI_UNAWARE;
              status = DPI_STATUS_FAILED;
            }
        }
      else
        {
          if (display->user32_dpi_funcs.isDpiAwareFunc != NULL)
            {
              /* This most probably means DPI awareness is set through
                 the manifest, or a DPI compatibility setting is used. */
              display->dpi_aware_type = display->user32_dpi_funcs.isDpiAwareFunc () ?
                                        PROCESS_SYSTEM_DPI_AWARE :
                                        PROCESS_DPI_UNAWARE;

              if (display->dpi_aware_type == PROCESS_SYSTEM_DPI_AWARE)
                status = DPI_STATUS_SUCCESS;
              else
                status = DPI_STATUS_DISABLED;
            }
          else
            {
              display->dpi_aware_type = PROCESS_DPI_UNAWARE;
              status = DPI_STATUS_FAILED;
            }
        }
      if (have_hpi_disable_envvar &&
          status == DPI_STATUS_SUCCESS)
        {
          /* The user setting or application manifest trumps over GDK_WIN32_DISABLE_HIDPI */
          g_print ("Note: GDK_WIN32_DISABLE_HIDPI is ignored due to preset\n"
                   "      DPI awareness settings in user settings or application\n"
                   "      manifest, DPI awareness is still enabled.\n");
        }
    }

  switch (status)
    {
    case DPI_STATUS_SUCCESS:
      GDK_NOTE (MISC, g_message ("HiDPI support enabled, type: %s",
                                 display->dpi_aware_type == PROCESS_PER_MONITOR_DPI_AWARE ? "per-monitor" : "system"));
      break;
    case DPI_STATUS_DISABLED:
      GDK_NOTE (MISC, g_message ("HiDPI support disabled via manifest"));
      break;
    case DPI_STATUS_FAILED:
      g_warning ("Failed to enable HiDPI support.");
      break;
    case DPI_STATUS_PENDING:
      g_assert_not_reached ();
      break;
    }
}

static void
_gdk_win32_check_on_arm64 (GdkWin32Display *display)
{
  static gsize checked = 0;

  if (g_once_init_enter (&checked))
    {
      HMODULE kernel32 = LoadLibraryW (L"kernel32.dll");

      if (kernel32 != NULL)
        {
          display->cpu_funcs.isWow64Process2 =
            (funcIsWow64Process2) GetProcAddress (kernel32, "IsWow64Process2");

          if (display->cpu_funcs.isWow64Process2 != NULL)
            {
              USHORT proc_cpu = 0;
              USHORT native_cpu = 0;

              display->cpu_funcs.isWow64Process2 (GetCurrentProcess (),
                                                  &proc_cpu,
                                                  &native_cpu);

              if (native_cpu == IMAGE_FILE_MACHINE_ARM64)
                display->running_on_arm64 = TRUE;
            }

          FreeLibrary (kernel32);
        }

      g_once_init_leave (&checked, 1);
    }
}

static void
gdk_win32_display_init (GdkWin32Display *display_win32)
{
  const char *scale_str = g_getenv ("GDK_SCALE");

  display_win32->monitors = G_LIST_MODEL (g_list_store_new (GDK_TYPE_MONITOR));

  _gdk_win32_enable_hidpi (display_win32);
  _gdk_win32_check_on_arm64 (display_win32);

  /* if we have DPI awareness, set up fixed scale if set */
  if (display_win32->dpi_aware_type != PROCESS_DPI_UNAWARE &&
      scale_str != NULL)
    {
      display_win32->surface_scale = atol (scale_str);

      if (display_win32->surface_scale <= 0)
        display_win32->surface_scale = 1;

      display_win32->has_fixed_scale = TRUE;
    }
  else
    display_win32->surface_scale =
      gdk_win32_display_get_monitor_scale_factor (display_win32, NULL, NULL);

  _gdk_win32_display_init_cursors (display_win32);
  gdk_win32_display_check_composited (display_win32);
}

void
gdk_win32_display_check_composited (GdkWin32Display *display)
{
  gboolean composited;

  /* On Windows 8 and later, DWM (composition) is always enabled */
  if (g_win32_check_windows_version (6, 2, 0, G_WIN32_OS_ANY))
    {
      composited = TRUE;
    }
  else
    {
      if (DwmIsCompositionEnabled (&composited) != S_OK)
        composited = FALSE;
    }

  gdk_display_set_composited (GDK_DISPLAY (display), composited);
}

static void
gdk_win32_display_notify_startup_complete (GdkDisplay  *display,
                                           const char *startup_id)
{
  /* nothing */
}

GdkMonitor *
gdk_win32_display_get_primary_monitor (GdkDisplay *display)
{
  GdkWin32Display *self = GDK_WIN32_DISPLAY (display);
  GdkMonitor *result;

  /* We arrange for the first monitor in the array to also be the primary monitor */
  result = g_list_model_get_item (self->monitors, 0);
  g_object_unref (result);

  return result;
}

static GListModel *
gdk_win32_display_get_monitors (GdkDisplay *display)
{
  GdkWin32Display *self = GDK_WIN32_DISPLAY (display);

  return self->monitors;
}

guint
gdk_win32_display_get_monitor_scale_factor (GdkWin32Display *display_win32,
                                            GdkSurface      *surface,
                                            HMONITOR         hmonitor)
{
  gboolean is_scale_acquired = FALSE;
  gboolean use_dpi_for_monitor = FALSE;
  guint dpix, dpiy;

  if (display_win32->have_at_least_win81)
    {
      if (surface != NULL && hmonitor == NULL)
        hmonitor = MonitorFromWindow (GDK_SURFACE_HWND (surface),
                                      MONITOR_DEFAULTTONEAREST);
      if (hmonitor != NULL &&
          display_win32->shcore_funcs.hshcore != NULL &&
          display_win32->shcore_funcs.getDpiForMonitorFunc != NULL)
        use_dpi_for_monitor = TRUE;
    }

  if (use_dpi_for_monitor)
    {
      /* Use GetDpiForMonitor() for Windows 8.1+, when we have a HMONITOR */
      if (display_win32->shcore_funcs.getDpiForMonitorFunc (hmonitor,
                                                            MDT_EFFECTIVE_DPI,
                                                           &dpix,
                                                           &dpiy) == S_OK)
        is_scale_acquired = TRUE;
    }
  else
    {
      /* Go back to GetDeviceCaps() for Windows 8 and earlier, or when we don't
       * have a HMONITOR nor a HWND
       */
      HDC hdc;

      if (surface != NULL)
        {
          if (GDK_WIN32_SURFACE (surface)->hdc == NULL)
            GDK_WIN32_SURFACE (surface)->hdc = GetDC (GDK_SURFACE_HWND (surface));

          hdc = GDK_WIN32_SURFACE (surface)->hdc;
        }
      else
        hdc = GetDC (NULL);

      /* in case we can't get the DC for the window, return 1 for the scale */
      if (hdc == NULL)
        return 1;

      dpix = GetDeviceCaps (hdc, LOGPIXELSX);
      dpiy = GetDeviceCaps (hdc, LOGPIXELSY);

      /*
       * If surface is not NULL, the HDC should not be released, since surfaces have
       * Win32 windows created with CS_OWNDC
       */
      if (surface == NULL)
        ReleaseDC (NULL, hdc);

      is_scale_acquired = TRUE;
    }

  if (is_scale_acquired)
    /* USER_DEFAULT_SCREEN_DPI = 96, in winuser.h */
    {
      if (display_win32->has_fixed_scale)
        return display_win32->surface_scale;
      else
        return dpix / USER_DEFAULT_SCREEN_DPI > 1 ? dpix / USER_DEFAULT_SCREEN_DPI : 1;
    }
  else
    return 1;
}

static gboolean
gdk_win32_display_get_setting (GdkDisplay  *display,
                               const char *name,
                               GValue      *value)
{
  return _gdk_win32_get_setting (name, value);
}

static gboolean
gdk_win32_display_init_gl_backend (GdkDisplay  *display,
                                   GError     **error)
{
#ifdef GDK_WIN32_ENABLE_EGL
  if (GDK_DISPLAY_DEBUG_CHECK (display, GL_EGL))
    return gdk_win32_display_init_egl (display, error);
#endif
  if (GDK_DISPLAY_DEBUG_CHECK (display, GL_WGL))
    return gdk_win32_display_init_wgl (display, error);

  /* No env vars set, do the regular GL initialization.
   * 
   * We try EGL first if supported, but are very picky about what we accept.
   * If that fails, we try to go with WGL instead.
   * And if that also fails, we try EGL again, but this time accept anything.
   *
   * The idea here is that EGL is the preferred method going forward, but WGL is
   * the tried and tested method that we know works. So if we detect issues with
   * EGL, we want to avoid using it in favor of WGL.
   */

#ifdef GDK_WIN32_ENABLE_EGL
  if (gdk_win32_display_init_egl (display, error))
    return TRUE;
#endif
  g_clear_error (error);

  if (gdk_win32_display_init_wgl (display, error))
    return TRUE;
  g_clear_error (error);

#ifdef GDK_WIN32_ENABLE_EGL
  return gdk_win32_display_init_egl (display, error);
#else
  return FALSE;
#endif
}

static GdkGLContext *
gdk_win32_display_init_gl (GdkDisplay  *display,
                           GError     **error)
{
  GdkWin32Display *display_win32 = GDK_WIN32_DISPLAY (display);
  GdkGLContext *gl_context = NULL;

  if (!gdk_win32_display_init_gl_backend (display, error))
    return NULL;

#ifdef GDK_WIN32_ENABLE_EGL
  if (display_win32->egl_disp)
    gl_context = g_object_new (GDK_TYPE_WIN32_GL_CONTEXT_EGL, "display", display, NULL);
  else
#endif
  if (display_win32->wgl_pixel_format != 0)
    gl_context = g_object_new (GDK_TYPE_WIN32_GL_CONTEXT_WGL, "display", display, NULL);

  g_return_val_if_fail (gl_context != NULL, NULL);

  return gl_context;
}

/**
 * gdk_win32_display_get_egl_display:
 * @display: (type GdkWin32Display): a Win32 display
 *
 * Retrieves the EGL display connection object for the given GDK display.
 *
 * Returns: (nullable): the EGL display
 */
gpointer
gdk_win32_display_get_egl_display (GdkDisplay *display)
{
  GdkWin32Display *display_win32;

  g_return_val_if_fail (GDK_IS_WIN32_DISPLAY (display), NULL);

#ifdef GDK_WIN32_ENABLE_EGL
  display_win32 = GDK_WIN32_DISPLAY (display);

  if (display_win32->wgl_pixel_format != 0)
    return NULL;

  return display_win32->egl_disp;
#else
  /* no EGL support */
  return NULL;
#endif
}

static void
gdk_win32_display_class_init (GdkWin32DisplayClass *klass)
{
  GObjectClass *object_class = G_OBJECT_CLASS (klass);
  GdkDisplayClass *display_class = GDK_DISPLAY_CLASS (klass);

  object_class->dispose = gdk_win32_display_dispose;
  object_class->finalize = gdk_win32_display_finalize;

  display_class->cairo_context_type = GDK_TYPE_WIN32_CAIRO_CONTEXT;

  display_class->get_name = gdk_win32_display_get_name;
  display_class->beep = gdk_win32_display_beep;
  display_class->sync = gdk_win32_display_sync;
  display_class->flush = gdk_win32_display_flush;
  display_class->has_pending = _gdk_win32_display_has_pending;
  display_class->queue_events = _gdk_win32_display_queue_events;

  //? display_class->get_app_launch_context = _gdk_win32_display_get_app_launch_context;

  display_class->get_next_serial = gdk_win32_display_get_next_serial;
  display_class->notify_startup_complete = gdk_win32_display_notify_startup_complete;
  display_class->create_surface = _gdk_win32_display_create_surface;

  display_class->get_keymap = _gdk_win32_display_get_keymap;

  display_class->get_monitors = gdk_win32_display_get_monitors;

#ifdef GDK_RENDERING_VULKAN
  display_class->vk_context_type = GDK_TYPE_WIN32_VULKAN_CONTEXT;
  display_class->vk_extension_name = VK_KHR_WIN32_SURFACE_EXTENSION_NAME;
#endif

  display_class->get_setting = gdk_win32_display_get_setting;
  display_class->set_cursor_theme = gdk_win32_display_set_cursor_theme;
  display_class->init_gl = gdk_win32_display_init_gl;

  _gdk_win32_surfaceing_init ();
}