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docs: Move documentation to inline comments: gdkthreads

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This commit is contained in:
Javier Jardón 2010-11-15 19:37:28 +01:00
parent 4400f997a8
commit b63800bd33
4 changed files with 262 additions and 382 deletions
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1
docs/reference/gdk/tmpl/.gitignore vendored
View File

@ -15,5 +15,6 @@ properties.sgml
pixbufs.sgml
regions.sgml
selections.sgml
threads.sgml
visuals.sgml
windows.sgml

381
docs/reference/gdk/tmpl/threads.sgml
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@ -1,381 +0,0 @@
<!-- ##### SECTION Title ##### -->
Threads
<!-- ##### SECTION Short_Description ##### -->
Functions for using GDK in multi-threaded programs
<!-- ##### SECTION Long_Description ##### -->
<para>
For thread safety, GDK relies on the thread primitives in GLib,
and on the thread-safe GLib main loop.
</para>
<para>
GLib is completely thread safe (all global data is automatically
locked), but individual data structure instances are not automatically
locked for performance reasons. So e.g. you must coordinate
accesses to the same #GHashTable from multiple threads.
</para>
<para>
GTK+ is "thread aware" but not thread safe &mdash; it provides a
global lock controlled by gdk_threads_enter()/gdk_threads_leave()
which protects all use of GTK+. That is, only one thread can use GTK+
at any given time.
</para>
<para>
Unfortunately the above holds with the X11 backend only. With the
Win32 backend, GDK calls should not be attempted from multiple threads
at all.
</para>
<para>
You must call g_thread_init() and gdk_threads_init() before executing
any other GTK+ or GDK functions in a threaded GTK+ program.
</para>
<para>
Idles, timeouts, and input functions from GLib, such as g_idle_add(), are
executed outside of the main GTK+ lock.
So, if you need to call GTK+ inside of such a callback, you must surround
the callback with a gdk_threads_enter()/gdk_threads_leave() pair or use
gdk_threads_add_idle_full() which does this for you.
However, event dispatching from the mainloop is still executed within
the main GTK+ lock, so callback functions connected to event signals
like GtkWidget::button-press-event, do not need thread protection.
</para>
<para>
In particular, this means, if you are writing widgets that might
be used in threaded programs, you <emphasis>must</emphasis> surround
timeouts and idle functions in this matter.
</para>
<para>
As always, you must also surround any calls to GTK+ not made within
a signal handler with a gdk_threads_enter()/gdk_threads_leave() pair.
</para>
<para>
Before calling gdk_threads_leave() from a thread other
than your main thread, you probably want to call gdk_flush()
to send all pending commands to the windowing system.
(The reason you don't need to do this from the main thread
is that GDK always automatically flushes pending commands
when it runs out of incoming events to process and has
to sleep while waiting for more events.)
</para>
<para>A minimal main program for a threaded GTK+ application
looks like:</para>
<informalexample>
<programlisting role="C">
int
main (int argc, char *argv[])
{
GtkWidget *window;
g_thread_init (NULL);
gdk_threads_init (<!-- -->);
gdk_threads_enter (<!-- -->);
gtk_init (&amp;argc, &amp;argv);
window = create_window (<!-- -->);
gtk_widget_show (window);
gtk_main (<!-- -->);
gdk_threads_leave (<!-- -->);
return 0;
}
</programlisting>
</informalexample>
<para>
Callbacks require a bit of attention. Callbacks from GTK+ signals
are made within the GTK+ lock. However callbacks from GLib (timeouts,
IO callbacks, and idle functions) are made outside of the GTK+
lock. So, within a signal handler you do not need to call
gdk_threads_enter(), but within the other types of callbacks, you
do.
</para>
<para>Erik Mouw contributed the following code example to
illustrate how to use threads within GTK+ programs.
</para>
<informalexample>
<programlisting role="C">
/*-------------------------------------------------------------------------
* Filename: gtk-thread.c
* Version: 0.99.1
* Copyright: Copyright (C) 1999, Erik Mouw
* Author: Erik Mouw &lt;J.A.K.Mouw@its.tudelft.nl&gt;
* Description: GTK threads example.
* Created at: Sun Oct 17 21:27:09 1999
* Modified by: Erik Mouw &lt;J.A.K.Mouw@its.tudelft.nl&gt;
* Modified at: Sun Oct 24 17:21:41 1999
*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/*
* Compile with:
*
* cc -o gtk-thread gtk-thread.c `gtk-config --cflags --libs gthread`
*
* Thanks to Sebastian Wilhelmi and Owen Taylor for pointing out some
* bugs.
*
*/
&num;include &lt;stdio.h&gt;
&num;include &lt;stdlib.h&gt;
&num;include &lt;unistd.h&gt;
&num;include &lt;time.h&gt;
&num;include &lt;gtk/gtk.h&gt;
&num;include &lt;glib.h&gt;
&num;include &lt;pthread.h&gt;
&num;define YES_IT_IS (1)
&num;define NO_IT_IS_NOT (0)
typedef struct
{
GtkWidget *label;
int what;
} yes_or_no_args;
G_LOCK_DEFINE_STATIC (yes_or_no);
static volatile int yes_or_no = YES_IT_IS;
void destroy (GtkWidget *widget, gpointer data)
{
gtk_main_quit (<!-- -->);
}
void *argument_thread (void *args)
{
yes_or_no_args *data = (yes_or_no_args *)args;
gboolean say_something;
for (;;)
{
/* sleep a while */
sleep(rand(<!-- -->) / (RAND_MAX / 3) + 1);
/* lock the yes_or_no_variable */
G_LOCK(yes_or_no);
/* do we have to say something? */
say_something = (yes_or_no != data->what);
if(say_something)
{
/* set the variable */
yes_or_no = data->what;
}
/* Unlock the yes_or_no variable */
G_UNLOCK (yes_or_no);
if (say_something)
{
/* get GTK thread lock */
gdk_threads_enter (<!-- -->);
/* set label text */
if(data->what == YES_IT_IS)
gtk_label_set_text (GTK_LABEL (data->label), "O yes, it is!");
else
gtk_label_set_text (GTK_LABEL (data->label), "O no, it isn't!");
/* release GTK thread lock */
gdk_threads_leave (<!-- -->);
}
}
return NULL;
}
int main (int argc, char *argv[])
{
GtkWidget *window;
GtkWidget *label;
yes_or_no_args yes_args, no_args;
pthread_t no_tid, yes_tid;
/* init threads */
g_thread_init (NULL);
gdk_threads_init (<!-- -->);
gdk_threads_enter (<!-- -->);
/* init gtk */
gtk_init(&amp;argc, &amp;argv);
/* init random number generator */
srand ((unsigned int) time (NULL));
/* create a window */
window = gtk_window_new (GTK_WINDOW_TOPLEVEL);
g_signal_connect (window, "destroy", G_CALLBACK (destroy), NULL);
gtk_container_set_border_width (GTK_CONTAINER (window), 10);
/* create a label */
label = gtk_label_new ("And now for something completely different ...");
gtk_container_add (GTK_CONTAINER (window), label);
/* show everything */
gtk_widget_show (label);
gtk_widget_show (window);
/* create the threads */
yes_args.label = label;
yes_args.what = YES_IT_IS;
pthread_create (&amp;yes_tid, NULL, argument_thread, &amp;yes_args);
no_args.label = label;
no_args.what = NO_IT_IS_NOT;
pthread_create (&amp;no_tid, NULL, argument_thread, &amp;no_args);
/* enter the GTK main loop */
gtk_main (<!-- -->);
gdk_threads_leave (<!-- -->);
return 0;
}
</programlisting>
</informalexample>
<!-- ##### SECTION See_Also ##### -->
<para>
</para>
<!-- ##### SECTION Stability_Level ##### -->
<!-- ##### SECTION Image ##### -->
<!-- ##### MACRO GDK_THREADS_ENTER ##### -->
<para>
This macro marks the beginning of a critical section in which GDK and
GTK+ functions can be called safely and without causing race
conditions. Only one thread at a time can be in such a critial
section. The macro expands to a no-op if #G_THREADS_ENABLED has not
been defined. Typically gdk_threads_enter() should be used instead of
this macro.
</para>
<!-- ##### MACRO GDK_THREADS_LEAVE ##### -->
<para>
This macro marks the end of a critical section
begun with #GDK_THREADS_ENTER.
</para>
<!-- ##### FUNCTION gdk_threads_init ##### -->
<para>
</para>
@void:
<!-- ##### FUNCTION gdk_threads_enter ##### -->
<para>
This macro marks the beginning of a critical section in which GDK and
GTK+ functions can be called safely and without causing race
conditions. Only one thread at a time can be in such a critial
section.
</para>
@void:
<!-- ##### FUNCTION gdk_threads_leave ##### -->
<para>
Leaves a critical region begun with gdk_threads_enter().
</para>
@void:
<!-- ##### FUNCTION gdk_threads_set_lock_functions ##### -->
<para>
</para>
@enter_fn:
@leave_fn:
<!-- ##### FUNCTION gdk_threads_add_idle ##### -->
<para>
</para>
@function:
@data:
@Returns:
<!-- ##### FUNCTION gdk_threads_add_idle_full ##### -->
<para>
</para>
@priority:
@function:
@data:
@notify:
@Returns:
<!-- ##### FUNCTION gdk_threads_add_timeout ##### -->
<para>
</para>
@interval:
@function:
@data:
@Returns:
<!-- ##### FUNCTION gdk_threads_add_timeout_full ##### -->
<para>
</para>
@priority:
@interval:
@function:
@data:
@notify:
@Returns:
<!-- ##### FUNCTION gdk_threads_add_timeout_seconds ##### -->
<para>
</para>
@interval:
@function:
@data:
@Returns:
<!-- ##### FUNCTION gdk_threads_add_timeout_seconds_full ##### -->
<para>
</para>
@priority:
@interval:
@function:
@data:
@notify:
@Returns:

245
gdk/gdk.c
View File

@ -399,6 +399,244 @@ gdk_init (int *argc, char ***argv)
}
}
/**
* SECTION:threads
* @Short_description: Functions for using GDK in multi-threaded programs
* @Title: Threads
*
* For thread safety, GDK relies on the thread primitives in GLib,
* and on the thread-safe GLib main loop.
*
* GLib is completely thread safe (all global data is automatically
* locked), but individual data structure instances are not automatically
* locked for performance reasons. So e.g. you must coordinate
* accesses to the same #GHashTable from multiple threads.
*
* GTK+ is "thread aware" but not thread safe &mdash; it provides a
* global lock controlled by gdk_threads_enter()/gdk_threads_leave()
* which protects all use of GTK+. That is, only one thread can use GTK+
* at any given time.
*
* Unfortunately the above holds with the X11 backend only. With the
* Win32 backend, GDK calls should not be attempted from multiple threads
* at all.
*
* You must call g_thread_init() and gdk_threads_init() before executing
* any other GTK+ or GDK functions in a threaded GTK+ program.
*
* Idles, timeouts, and input functions from GLib, such as g_idle_add(), are
* executed outside of the main GTK+ lock.
* So, if you need to call GTK+ inside of such a callback, you must surround
* the callback with a gdk_threads_enter()/gdk_threads_leave() pair or use
* gdk_threads_add_idle_full() which does this for you.
* However, event dispatching from the mainloop is still executed within
* the main GTK+ lock, so callback functions connected to event signals
* like #GtkWidget::button-press-event, do not need thread protection.
*
* In particular, this means, if you are writing widgets that might
* be used in threaded programs, you <emphasis>must</emphasis> surround
* timeouts and idle functions in this matter.
*
* As always, you must also surround any calls to GTK+ not made within
* a signal handler with a gdk_threads_enter()/gdk_threads_leave() pair.
*
* Before calling gdk_threads_leave() from a thread other
* than your main thread, you probably want to call gdk_flush()
* to send all pending commands to the windowing system.
* (The reason you don't need to do this from the main thread
* is that GDK always automatically flushes pending commands
* when it runs out of incoming events to process and has
* to sleep while waiting for more events.)
*
* A minimal main program for a threaded GTK+ application
* looks like:
* <informalexample>
* <programlisting role="C">
* int
* main (int argc, char *argv[])
* {
* GtkWidget *window;
*
* g_thread_init (NULL);
* gdk_threads_init (<!-- -->);
* gdk_threads_enter (<!-- -->);
*
* gtk_init (&argc, &argv);
*
* window = create_window (<!-- -->);
* gtk_widget_show (window);
*
* gtk_main (<!-- -->);
* gdk_threads_leave (<!-- -->);
*
* return 0;
* }
* </programlisting>
* </informalexample>
*
* Callbacks require a bit of attention. Callbacks from GTK+ signals
* are made within the GTK+ lock. However callbacks from GLib (timeouts,
* IO callbacks, and idle functions) are made outside of the GTK+
* lock. So, within a signal handler you do not need to call
* gdk_threads_enter(), but within the other types of callbacks, you
* do.
*
* Erik Mouw contributed the following code example to
* illustrate how to use threads within GTK+ programs.
* <informalexample>
* <programlisting role="C">
* /<!---->*-------------------------------------------------------------------------
* * Filename: gtk-thread.c
* * Version: 0.99.1
* * Copyright: Copyright (C) 1999, Erik Mouw
* * Author: Erik Mouw &lt;J.A.K.Mouw@its.tudelft.nl&gt;
* * Description: GTK threads example.
* * Created at: Sun Oct 17 21:27:09 1999
* * Modified by: Erik Mouw &lt;J.A.K.Mouw@its.tudelft.nl&gt;
* * Modified at: Sun Oct 24 17:21:41 1999
* *-----------------------------------------------------------------------*<!---->/
* /<!---->*
* * Compile with:
* *
* * cc -o gtk-thread gtk-thread.c `gtk-config --cflags --libs gthread`
* *
* * Thanks to Sebastian Wilhelmi and Owen Taylor for pointing out some
* * bugs.
* *
* *<!---->/
*
* #include <stdio.h>
* #include <stdlib.h>
* #include <unistd.h>
* #include <time.h>
* #include <gtk/gtk.h>
* #include <glib.h>
* #include <pthread.h>
*
* #define YES_IT_IS (1)
* #define NO_IT_IS_NOT (0)
*
* typedef struct
* {
* GtkWidget *label;
* int what;
* } yes_or_no_args;
*
* G_LOCK_DEFINE_STATIC (yes_or_no);
* static volatile int yes_or_no = YES_IT_IS;
*
* void destroy (GtkWidget *widget, gpointer data)
* {
* gtk_main_quit (<!-- -->);
* }
*
* void *argument_thread (void *args)
* {
* yes_or_no_args *data = (yes_or_no_args *)args;
* gboolean say_something;
*
* for (;;)
* {
* /<!---->* sleep a while *<!---->/
* sleep(rand(<!-- -->) / (RAND_MAX / 3) + 1);
*
* /<!---->* lock the yes_or_no_variable *<!---->/
* G_LOCK(yes_or_no);
*
* /<!---->* do we have to say something? *<!---->/
* say_something = (yes_or_no != data->what);
*
* if(say_something)
* {
* /<!---->* set the variable *<!---->/
* yes_or_no = data->what;
* }
*
* /<!---->* Unlock the yes_or_no variable *<!---->/
* G_UNLOCK (yes_or_no);
*
* if (say_something)
* {
* /<!---->* get GTK thread lock *<!---->/
* gdk_threads_enter (<!-- -->);
*
* /<!---->* set label text *<!---->/
* if(data->what == YES_IT_IS)
* gtk_label_set_text (GTK_LABEL (data->label), "O yes, it is!");
* else
* gtk_label_set_text (GTK_LABEL (data->label), "O no, it isn't!");
*
* /<!---->* release GTK thread lock *<!---->/
* gdk_threads_leave (<!-- -->);
* }
* }
*
* return NULL;
* }
*
* int main (int argc, char *argv[])
* {
* GtkWidget *window;
* GtkWidget *label;
* yes_or_no_args yes_args, no_args;
* pthread_t no_tid, yes_tid;
*
* /<!---->* init threads *<!---->/
* g_thread_init (NULL);
* gdk_threads_init (<!-- -->);
* gdk_threads_enter (<!-- -->);
*
* /<!---->* init gtk *<!---->/
* gtk_init(&argc, &argv);
*
* /<!---->* init random number generator *<!---->/
* srand ((unsigned int) time (NULL));
*
* /<!---->* create a window *<!---->/
* window = gtk_window_new (GTK_WINDOW_TOPLEVEL);
*
* g_signal_connect (window, "destroy", G_CALLBACK (destroy), NULL);
*
* gtk_container_set_border_width (GTK_CONTAINER (window), 10);
*
* /<!---->* create a label *<!---->/
* label = gtk_label_new ("And now for something completely different ...");
* gtk_container_add (GTK_CONTAINER (window), label);
*
* /<!---->* show everything *<!---->/
* gtk_widget_show (label);
* gtk_widget_show (window);
*
* /<!---->* create the threads *<!---->/
* yes_args.label = label;
* yes_args.what = YES_IT_IS;
* pthread_create (&yes_tid, NULL, argument_thread, &yes_args);
*
* no_args.label = label;
* no_args.what = NO_IT_IS_NOT;
* pthread_create (&no_tid, NULL, argument_thread, &no_args);
*
* /<!---->* enter the GTK main loop *<!---->/
* gtk_main (<!-- -->);
* gdk_threads_leave (<!-- -->);
*
* return 0;
* }
* </programlisting>
* </informalexample>
*/
/**
* gdk_threads_enter:
*
* This macro marks the beginning of a critical section in which GDK and
* GTK+ functions can be called safely and without causing race
* conditions. Only one thread at a time can be in such a critial
* section.
*/
void
gdk_threads_enter (void)
{
@ -406,6 +644,11 @@ gdk_threads_enter (void)
(*gdk_threads_lock) ();
}
/**
* gdk_threads_leave:
*
* Leaves a critical region begun with gdk_threads_enter().
*/
void
gdk_threads_leave (void)
{
@ -429,7 +672,7 @@ gdk_threads_impl_unlock (void)
/**
* gdk_threads_init:
*
*
* Initializes GDK so that it can be used from multiple threads
* in conjunction with gdk_threads_enter() and gdk_threads_leave().
* g_thread_init() must be called previous to this function.

17
gdk/gdkthreads.h
View File

@ -64,7 +64,24 @@ guint gdk_threads_add_timeout_seconds (guint interval,
GSourceFunc function,
gpointer data);
/**
* GDK_THREADS_ENTER:
*
* This macro marks the beginning of a critical section in which GDK and
* GTK+ functions can be called safely and without causing race
* conditions. Only one thread at a time can be in such a critial
* section. The macro expands to a no-op if #G_THREADS_ENABLED has not
* been defined. Typically gdk_threads_enter() should be used instead of
* this macro.
*/
#define GDK_THREADS_ENTER() gdk_threads_enter()
/**
* GDK_THREADS_LEAVE:
*
* This macro marks the end of a critical section
* begun with #GDK_THREADS_ENTER.
*/
#define GDK_THREADS_LEAVE() gdk_threads_leave()
G_END_DECLS