forked from AuroraMiddleware/gtk
001e629969
Thu Aug 12 00:02:29 2004 Matthias Clasen <maclas@gmx.de> * gtk/gtkaction.c (gtk_action_new): Link to information about allowed action names. (#149620, David Malcolm)
440 lines
11 KiB
Plaintext
440 lines
11 KiB
Plaintext
<!-- ##### SECTION Title ##### -->
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GtkUIManager
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<!-- ##### SECTION Short_Description ##### -->
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constructing menus and toolbars from an XML description
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<!-- ##### SECTION Long_Description ##### -->
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<para>
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A #GtkUIManager constructs a user interface (menus and toolbars) from
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one or more UI definitions, which reference actions from one or more
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action groups.
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</para>
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<refsect2 id="XML-UI"><title>UI Definitions</title>
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<para>
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The UI definitions are specified in an XML format which can be
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roughly described by the following DTD.
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<programlisting>
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<!ELEMENT ui (menubar|toolbar|popup|accelerator)* >
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<!ELEMENT menubar (menuitem|separator|placeholder|menu)* >
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<!ELEMENT menu (menuitem|separator|placeholder|menu)* >
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<!ELEMENT popup (menuitem|separator|placeholder|menu)* >
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<!ELEMENT toolbar (toolitem|separator|placeholder)* >
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<!ELEMENT placeholder (menuitem|toolitem|separator|placeholder|menu)* >
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<!ELEMENT menuitem EMPTY >
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<!ELEMENT toolitem EMPTY >
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<!ELEMENT separator EMPTY >
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<!ELEMENT accelerator EMPTY >
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<!ATTLIST menubar name #IMPLIED
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action #IMPLIED >
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<!ATTLIST toolbar name #IMPLIED
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action #IMPLIED >
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<!ATTLIST popup name #IMPLIED
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action #IMPLIED >
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<!ATTLIST placeholder name #IMPLIED
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action #IMPLIED >
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<!ATTLIST separator name #IMPLIED
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action #IMPLIED >
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<!ATTLIST menu name #IMPLIED
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action #REQUIRED
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position (top|bot) #IMPLIED >
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<!ATTLIST menuitem name #IMPLIED
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action #REQUIRED
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position (top|bot) #IMPLIED >
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<!ATTLIST toolitem name #IMPLIED
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action #REQUIRED
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position (top|bot) #IMPLIED >
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<!ATTLIST accelerator name #IMPLIED
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action #REQUIRED >
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</programlisting>
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There are some additional restrictions beyond those specified in the
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DTD, e.g. every toolitem must have a toolbar in its anchestry and
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every menuitem must have a menubar or popup in its anchestry. Since
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a #GMarkup parser is used to parse the UI description, it must not only
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be valid XML, but valid #GMarkup.
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</para>
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<para>
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If a name is not specified, it defaults to the action. If an action is
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not specified either, the element name is used. The name and action
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attributes must not contain '/' characters after parsing (since that
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would mess up path lookup) and must be usable as XML attributes when
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enclosed in doublequotes, thus they must not '"' characters or references
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to the &quot; entity.
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</para>
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<example>
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<title>A UI definition</title>
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<programlisting>
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<ui>
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<menubar>
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<menu name="FileMenu" action="FileMenuAction">
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<menuitem name="New" action="New2Action" />
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<placeholder name="FileMenuAdditions" />
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</menu>
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<menu name="JustifyMenu" action="JustifyMenuAction">
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<menuitem name="Left" action="justify-left"/>
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<menuitem name="Centre" action="justify-center"/>
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<menuitem name="Right" action="justify-right"/>
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<menuitem name="Fill" action="justify-fill"/>
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</menu>
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</menubar>
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<toolbar action="toolbar1">
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<placeholder name="JustifyToolItems">
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<separator/>
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<toolitem name="Left" action="justify-left"/>
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<toolitem name="Centre" action="justify-center"/>
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<toolitem name="Right" action="justify-right"/>
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<toolitem name="Fill" action="justify-fill"/>
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<separator/>
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</placeholder>
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</toolbar>
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</ui>
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</programlisting>
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</example>
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<para>
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The constructed widget hierarchy is very similar to the element tree
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of the XML, with the exception that placeholders are merged into their
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parents. The correspondence of XML elements to widgets should be
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almost obvious:
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<variablelist>
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<varlistentry><term>menubar</term>
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<listitem><para>a #GtkMenuBar</para></listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry><term>toolbar</term>
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<listitem><para>a #GtkToolbar</para></listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry><term>popup</term>
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<listitem><para>a toplevel #GtkMenu</para></listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry><term>menu</term>
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<listitem><para>a #GtkMenu attached to a menuitem</para></listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry><term>menuitem</term>
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<listitem><para>a #GtkMenuItem subclass, the exact type depends on the
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action</para></listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry><term>toolitem</term>
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<listitem><para>a #GtkToolItem subclass, the exact type depends on the
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action</para></listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry><term>separator</term>
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<listitem><para>a #GtkSeparatorMenuItem or
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#GtkSeparatorToolItem</para></listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry><term>accelerator</term>
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<listitem><para>a keyboard accelerator</para></listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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</variablelist>
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</para>
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<para>
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The "position" attribute determines where a constructed widget is positioned
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wrt. to its siblings in the partially constructed tree. If it is
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"top", the widget is prepended, otherwise it is appended.
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</para>
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</refsect2>
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<refsect2 id="UI-Merging">
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<title>UI Merging</title>
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<para>
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The most remarkable feature of #GtkUIManager is that it can overlay a set
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of menuitems and toolitems over another one, and demerge them later.
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</para>
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<para>
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Merging is done based on the names of the XML elements. Each element is
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identified by a path which consists of the names of its anchestors, separated
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by slashes. For example, the menuitem named "Left" in the example above
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has the path <literal>/ui/menubar/JustifyMenu/Left</literal> and the
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toolitem with the same name has path
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<literal>/ui/toolbar1/JustifyToolItems/Left</literal>.
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</para>
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</refsect2>
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<refsect2>
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<title>Accelerators</title>
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<para>
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Every action has an accelerator path. Accelerators are installed together with
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menuitem proxies, but they can also be explicitly added with <accelerator>
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elements in the UI definition. This makes it possible to have accelerators for
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actions even if they have no visible proxies.
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</para>
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</refsect2>
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<refsect2 id="Smart-Separators">
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<title>Smart Separators</title>
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<para>
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The separators created by #GtkUIManager are "smart", i.e. they do not show up
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in the UI unless they end up between two visible menu or tool items. Separators
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which are located at the very beginning or end of the menu or toolbar
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containing them, or multiple separators next to each other, are hidden. This
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is a useful feature, since the merging of UI elements from multiple sources
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can make it hard or impossible to determine in advance whether a separator
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will end up in such an unfortunate position.
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</para>
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</refsect2>
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<refsect2>
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<title>Empty Menus</title>
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<para>
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Submenus pose similar problems to separators inconnection with merging. It is
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impossible to know in advance whether they will end up empty after merging.
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#GtkUIManager offers two ways to treat empty submenus:
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<itemizedlist>
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<listitem><para>make them disappear by hiding the menu item they're attached to
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</para></listitem>
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<listitem><para>add an insensitive "Empty" item
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</para></listitem>
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</itemizedlist>
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The behaviour is chosen based on the "is_important" property of the action
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to which the submenu is associated.
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</para>
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</refsect2>
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<!-- ##### SECTION See_Also ##### -->
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<para>
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</para>
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<!-- ##### STRUCT GtkUIManager ##### -->
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<para>
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The <structname>GtkUIManager</structname> struct contains only private
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members and should not be accessed directly.
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</para>
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<!-- ##### SIGNAL GtkUIManager::actions-changed ##### -->
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<para>
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</para>
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@uimanager: the object which received the signal.
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<!-- ##### SIGNAL GtkUIManager::add-widget ##### -->
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<para>
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</para>
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@uimanager: the object which received the signal.
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@widget:
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<!-- ##### SIGNAL GtkUIManager::connect-proxy ##### -->
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<para>
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</para>
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@uimanager: the object which received the signal.
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@arg1:
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@widget:
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<!-- ##### SIGNAL GtkUIManager::disconnect-proxy ##### -->
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<para>
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</para>
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@uimanager: the object which received the signal.
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@arg1:
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@widget:
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<!-- ##### SIGNAL GtkUIManager::post-activate ##### -->
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<para>
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</para>
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@uimanager: the object which received the signal.
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@arg1:
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<!-- ##### SIGNAL GtkUIManager::pre-activate ##### -->
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<para>
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</para>
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@uimanager: the object which received the signal.
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@arg1:
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<!-- ##### ARG GtkUIManager:add-tearoffs ##### -->
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<para>
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</para>
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<!-- ##### ARG GtkUIManager:ui ##### -->
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<para>
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</para>
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<!-- ##### FUNCTION gtk_ui_manager_new ##### -->
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<para>
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</para>
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@Returns:
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<!-- ##### FUNCTION gtk_ui_manager_set_add_tearoffs ##### -->
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<para>
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</para>
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@self:
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@add_tearoffs:
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<!-- ##### FUNCTION gtk_ui_manager_get_add_tearoffs ##### -->
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<para>
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</para>
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@self:
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@Returns:
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<!-- ##### FUNCTION gtk_ui_manager_insert_action_group ##### -->
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<para>
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</para>
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@self:
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@action_group:
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@pos:
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<!-- ##### FUNCTION gtk_ui_manager_remove_action_group ##### -->
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<para>
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</para>
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@self:
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@action_group:
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<!-- ##### FUNCTION gtk_ui_manager_get_action_groups ##### -->
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<para>
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</para>
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@self:
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@Returns:
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<!-- ##### FUNCTION gtk_ui_manager_get_accel_group ##### -->
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<para>
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</para>
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@self:
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@Returns:
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<!-- ##### FUNCTION gtk_ui_manager_get_widget ##### -->
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<para>
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</para>
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@self:
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@path:
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@Returns:
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<!-- ##### FUNCTION gtk_ui_manager_get_toplevels ##### -->
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<para>
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</para>
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@self:
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@types:
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@Returns:
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<!-- ##### FUNCTION gtk_ui_manager_get_action ##### -->
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<para>
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</para>
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@self:
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@path:
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@Returns:
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<!-- ##### FUNCTION gtk_ui_manager_add_ui_from_string ##### -->
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<para>
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</para>
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@self:
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@buffer:
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@length:
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@error:
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@Returns:
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<!-- ##### FUNCTION gtk_ui_manager_add_ui_from_file ##### -->
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<para>
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</para>
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@self:
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@filename:
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@error:
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@Returns:
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<!-- ##### FUNCTION gtk_ui_manager_new_merge_id ##### -->
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<para>
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</para>
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@self:
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@Returns:
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<!-- ##### ENUM GtkUIManagerItemType ##### -->
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<para>
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These enumeration values are used by gtk_ui_manager_add_ui() to determine
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what UI element to create.
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</para>
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@GTK_UI_MANAGER_AUTO: Pick the type of the UI element according to context.
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@GTK_UI_MANAGER_MENUBAR: Create a menubar.
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@GTK_UI_MANAGER_MENU: Create a menu.
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@GTK_UI_MANAGER_TOOLBAR: Create a toolbar.
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@GTK_UI_MANAGER_PLACEHOLDER: Insert a placeholder.
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@GTK_UI_MANAGER_POPUP: Create a popup menu.
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@GTK_UI_MANAGER_MENUITEM: Create a menuitem.
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@GTK_UI_MANAGER_TOOLITEM: Create a toolitem.
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@GTK_UI_MANAGER_SEPARATOR: Create a separator.
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@GTK_UI_MANAGER_ACCELERATOR: Install an accelerator.
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<!-- ##### FUNCTION gtk_ui_manager_add_ui ##### -->
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<para>
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</para>
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@self:
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@merge_id:
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@path:
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@name:
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@action:
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@type:
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@top:
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<!-- ##### FUNCTION gtk_ui_manager_remove_ui ##### -->
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<para>
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</para>
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@self:
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@merge_id:
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<!-- ##### FUNCTION gtk_ui_manager_get_ui ##### -->
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<para>
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</para>
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@self:
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@Returns:
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<!-- ##### FUNCTION gtk_ui_manager_ensure_update ##### -->
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<para>
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</para>
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@self:
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