From fb67a77d12dcdf1cf6b21f2fdfb0a0eb462b0e34 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Markus Scherer <markus.icu@gmail.com>
Date: Thu, 12 Dec 2002 18:45:33 +0000
Subject: [PATCH] ICU-557 move string sample code here from the User Guide, and
 improve it

X-SVN-Rev: 10645
---
 icu4c/source/samples/ustring/ustring.cpp | 451 +++++++++++++++++++++--
 1 file changed, 421 insertions(+), 30 deletions(-)

diff --git a/icu4c/source/samples/ustring/ustring.cpp b/icu4c/source/samples/ustring/ustring.cpp
index 5a0eb41bfd..52351e47d0 100644
--- a/icu4c/source/samples/ustring/ustring.cpp
+++ b/icu4c/source/samples/ustring/ustring.cpp
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 /*
 *******************************************************************************
 *
-*   Copyright (C) 2000, International Business Machines
+*   Copyright (C) 2000-2002, International Business Machines
 *   Corporation and others.  All Rights Reserved.
 *
 *******************************************************************************
@@ -19,21 +19,76 @@
 
 #include <stdio.h>
 #include "unicode/utypes.h"
+#include "unicode/uchar.h"
+#include "unicode/locid.h"
 #include "unicode/ustring.h"
+#include "unicode/ucnv.h"
 #include "unicode/unistr.h"
 
-// helper function --------------------------------------------------------- ***
+#define LENGTHOF(array) (sizeof(array)/sizeof((array)[0]))
+
+// helper functions -------------------------------------------------------- ***
+
+// default converter for the platform encoding
+static UConverter *cnv=NULL;
 
 static void
-printUnicodeString(const UnicodeString &s) {
+printUString(const char *announce, const UChar *s, int32_t length) {
+    static char out[200];
+    UChar32 c;
+    int32_t i;
+    UErrorCode errorCode=U_ZERO_ERROR;
+
+    /*
+     * Convert to the "platform encoding". See notes in printUnicodeString().
+     * ucnv_fromUChars(), like most ICU APIs understands length==-1
+     * to mean that the string is NUL-terminated.
+     */
+    ucnv_fromUChars(cnv, out, sizeof(out), s, length, &errorCode);
+    if(U_FAILURE(errorCode) || errorCode==U_STRING_NOT_TERMINATED_WARNING) {
+        printf("%sproblem converting string from Unicode: %s\n", announce, u_errorName(errorCode));
+        return;
+    }
+
+    printf("%s%s {", announce, out);
+
+    /* output the code points (not code units) */
+    if(length>=0) {
+        /* s is not NUL-terminated */
+        for(i=0; i<length; /* U16_NEXT post-increments */) {
+            U16_NEXT(s, i, length, c);
+            printf(" %04x", c);
+        }
+    } else {
+        /* s is NUL-terminated */
+        for(i=0; /* condition in loop body */; /* U16_NEXT post-increments */) {
+            U16_NEXT(s, i, length, c);
+            if(c==0) {
+                break;
+            }
+            printf(" %04x", c);
+        }
+    }
+    printf(" }\n");
+}
+
+static void
+printUnicodeString(const char *announce, const UnicodeString &s) {
     static char out[200];
     int32_t i, length;
 
     // output the string, converted to the platform encoding
-    out[s.extract(0, 99, out)]=0;
-    printf("%s {", out);
 
-    // output the code units
+    // Note for Windows: The "platform encoding" defaults to the "ANSI codepage",
+    // which is different from the "OEM codepage" in the console window.
+    // However, if you pipe the output into a file and look at it with Notepad
+    // or similar, then "ANSI" characters will show correctly.
+    // Production code should be aware of what encoding is required,
+    // and use a UConverter or at least a charset name explicitly.
+    out[s.extract(0, 99, out)]=0;
+    printf("%s%s {", announce, out);
+
+    // output the code units (not code points)
     length=s.length();
     for(i=0; i<length; ++i) {
         printf(" %04x", s.charAt(i));
@@ -41,25 +96,328 @@ printUnicodeString(const UnicodeString &s) {
     printf(" }\n");
 }
 
-// sample code for storage models ------------------------------------------ ***
+// sample code for utf.h macros -------------------------------------------- ***
 
-#define LENGTHOF(array) (sizeof(array)/sizeof((array)[0]))
+static void
+demo_utf_h_macros() {
+    static UChar input[]={ 0x0061, 0xd800, 0xdc00, 0xdbff, 0xdfff, 0x0062 };
+    UChar32 c;
+    int32_t i;
+    UBool isError;
+
+    printf("\n* demo_utf_h_macros() -------------- ***\n\n");
+
+    printUString("iterate forward through: ", input, LENGTHOF(input));
+    for(i=0; i<LENGTHOF(input); /* U16_NEXT post-increments */) {
+        /* Iterating forwards 
+           Codepoint at offset 0: U+0061
+           Codepoint at offset 1: U+10000
+           Codepoint at offset 3: U+10ffff
+           Codepoint at offset 5: U+0062
+        */
+        printf("Codepoint at offset %d: U+", i);
+        U16_NEXT(input, i, LENGTHOF(input), c);
+        printf("%04x\n", c); 
+    }
+
+    puts("");
+
+    isError=FALSE;
+    i=1; /* write position, gets post-incremented so needs to be in an l-value */
+    U16_APPEND(input, i, LENGTHOF(input), 0x0062, isError);
+
+    printUString("iterate backward through: ", input, LENGTHOF(input));
+    for(i=LENGTHOF(input); i>0; /* U16_PREV pre-decrements */) {
+        U16_PREV(input, 0, i, c);
+        /* Iterating backwards
+           Codepoint at offset 5: U+0062
+           Codepoint at offset 3: U+10ffff
+           Codepoint at offset 2: U+dc00 -- unpaired surrogate because lead surr. overwritten
+           Codepoint at offset 1: U+0062 -- by this BMP code point
+           Codepoint at offset 0: U+0061
+        */
+        printf("Codepoint at offset %d: U+%04x\n", i, c);
+    }
+}
+
+// sample code for Unicode strings in C ------------------------------------ ***
+
+static void demo_C_Unicode_strings() {
+    printf("\n* demo_C_Unicode_strings() --------- ***\n\n");
+
+    static const UChar text[]={ 0x41, 0x42, 0x43, 0 };          /* "ABC" */
+    static const UChar appendText[]={ 0x61, 0x62, 0x63, 0 };    /* "abc" */
+    static const UChar cmpText[]={ 0x61, 0x53, 0x73, 0x43, 0 }; /* "aSsC" */
+    UChar buffer[32];
+    int32_t compare;
+    int32_t length=u_strlen(text); /* length=3 */
+
+    /* simple ANSI C-style functions */
+    buffer[0]=0;                    /* empty, NUL-terminated string */
+    u_strncat(buffer, text, 1);     /* append just n=1 character ('A') */
+    u_strcat(buffer, appendText);   /* buffer=="Aabc" */
+    length=u_strlen(buffer);        /* length=4 */
+    printUString("should be \"Aabc\": ", buffer, -1);
+
+    /* bitwise comparing buffer with text */
+    compare=u_strcmp(buffer, text);
+    if(compare<=0) {
+        printf("String comparison error, expected \"Aabc\" > \"ABC\"\n");
+    }
+
+    /* Build "A<sharp s>C" in the buffer... */
+    u_strcpy(buffer, text);
+    buffer[1]=0xdf; /* sharp s, case-compares equal to "ss" */
+    printUString("should be \"A<sharp s>C\": ", buffer, -1);
+
+    /* Compare two strings case-insensitively using full case folding */
+    compare=u_strcasecmp(buffer, cmpText, U_FOLD_CASE_DEFAULT);
+    if(compare!=0) {
+        printf("String case insensitive comparison error, expected \"AbC\" to be equal to \"ABC\"\n");
+    }
+}
+
+// sample code for case mappings with C APIs -------------------------------- ***
+
+static void demoCaseMapInC() {
+    /*
+     * input=
+     *   "aB<capital sigma>"
+     *   "iI<small dotless i><capital dotted I> "
+     *   "<sharp s> <small lig. ffi>"
+     *   "<small final sigma><small sigma><capital sigma>"
+     */
+    static const UChar input[]={
+        0x61, 0x42, 0x3a3,
+        0x69, 0x49, 0x131, 0x130, 0x20,
+        0xdf, 0x20, 0xfb03,
+        0x3c2, 0x3c3, 0x3a3, 0
+    };
+    UChar buffer[32];
+
+    UErrorCode errorCode;
+    UChar32 c;
+    int32_t i, j, length;
+    UBool isError;
+
+    printf("\n* demoCaseMapInC() ----------------- ***\n\n");
+
+    /*
+     * First, use simple case mapping functions which provide
+     * 1:1 code point mappings without context/locale ID.
+     *
+     * Note that some mappings will not be "right" because some "real"
+     * case mappings require context, depend on the locale ID,
+     * and/or result in a change in the number of code points.
+     */
+    printUString("input string: ", input, -1);
+
+    /* uppercase */
+    isError=FALSE;
+    for(i=j=0; j<LENGTHOF(buffer) && !isError; /* U16_NEXT post-increments */) {
+        U16_NEXT(input, i, INT32_MAX, c); /* without length because NUL-terminated */
+        if(c==0) {
+            break; /* stop at terminating NUL, no need to terminate buffer */
+        }
+        c=u_toupper(c);
+        U16_APPEND(buffer, j, LENGTHOF(buffer), c, isError);
+    }
+    printUString("simple-uppercased: ", buffer, j);
+    /* lowercase */
+    isError=FALSE;
+    for(i=j=0; j<LENGTHOF(buffer) && !isError; /* U16_NEXT post-increments */) {
+        U16_NEXT(input, i, INT32_MAX, c); /* without length because NUL-terminated */
+        if(c==0) {
+            break; /* stop at terminating NUL, no need to terminate buffer */
+        }
+        c=u_tolower(c);
+        U16_APPEND(buffer, j, LENGTHOF(buffer), c, isError);
+    }
+    printUString("simple-lowercased: ", buffer, j);
+    /* titlecase */
+    isError=FALSE;
+    for(i=j=0; j<LENGTHOF(buffer) && !isError; /* U16_NEXT post-increments */) {
+        U16_NEXT(input, i, INT32_MAX, c); /* without length because NUL-terminated */
+        if(c==0) {
+            break; /* stop at terminating NUL, no need to terminate buffer */
+        }
+        c=u_totitle(c);
+        U16_APPEND(buffer, j, LENGTHOF(buffer), c, isError);
+    }
+    printUString("simple-titlecased: ", buffer, j);
+    /* case-fold/default */
+    isError=FALSE;
+    for(i=j=0; j<LENGTHOF(buffer) && !isError; /* U16_NEXT post-increments */) {
+        U16_NEXT(input, i, INT32_MAX, c); /* without length because NUL-terminated */
+        if(c==0) {
+            break; /* stop at terminating NUL, no need to terminate buffer */
+        }
+        c=u_foldCase(c, U_FOLD_CASE_DEFAULT);
+        U16_APPEND(buffer, j, LENGTHOF(buffer), c, isError);
+    }
+    printUString("simple-case-folded/default: ", buffer, j);
+    /* case-fold/Turkic */
+    isError=FALSE;
+    for(i=j=0; j<LENGTHOF(buffer) && !isError; /* U16_NEXT post-increments */) {
+        U16_NEXT(input, i, INT32_MAX, c); /* without length because NUL-terminated */
+        if(c==0) {
+            break; /* stop at terminating NUL, no need to terminate buffer */
+        }
+        c=u_foldCase(c, U_FOLD_CASE_EXCLUDE_SPECIAL_I);
+        U16_APPEND(buffer, j, LENGTHOF(buffer), c, isError);
+    }
+    printUString("simple-case-folded/Turkic: ", buffer, j);
+
+    /*
+     * Second, use full case mapping functions which provide
+     * 1:n code point mappings (n can be 0!) and are sensitive to context and locale ID.
+     *
+     * Note that lower/upper/titlecasing take a locale ID while case-folding
+     * has bit flag options instead, by design of the Unicode SpecialCasing.txt UCD file.
+     *
+     * Also, string titlecasing requires a BreakIterator to find starts of words.
+     * The sample code here passes in a NULL pointer; u_strToTitle() will open and close a default
+     * titlecasing BreakIterator automatically.
+     * For production code where many strings are titlecased it would be more efficient
+     * to open a BreakIterator externally and pass it in.
+     */
+    printUString("\ninput string: ", input, -1);
+
+    /* lowercase/English */
+    errorCode=U_ZERO_ERROR;
+    length=u_strToLower(buffer, LENGTHOF(buffer), input, -1, "en", &errorCode);
+    if(U_SUCCESS(errorCode)) {
+        printUString("full-lowercased/en: ", buffer, length);
+    } else {
+        printf("error in u_strToLower(en)=%ld error=%s\n", length, u_errorName(errorCode));
+    }
+    /* lowercase/Turkish */
+    errorCode=U_ZERO_ERROR;
+    length=u_strToLower(buffer, LENGTHOF(buffer), input, -1, "tr", &errorCode);
+    if(U_SUCCESS(errorCode)) {
+        printUString("full-lowercased/tr: ", buffer, length);
+    } else {
+        printf("error in u_strToLower(tr)=%ld error=%s\n", length, u_errorName(errorCode));
+    }
+    /* uppercase/English */
+    errorCode=U_ZERO_ERROR;
+    length=u_strToUpper(buffer, LENGTHOF(buffer), input, -1, "en", &errorCode);
+    if(U_SUCCESS(errorCode)) {
+        printUString("full-uppercased/en: ", buffer, length);
+    } else {
+        printf("error in u_strToUpper(en)=%ld error=%s\n", length, u_errorName(errorCode));
+    }
+    /* uppercase/Turkish */
+    errorCode=U_ZERO_ERROR;
+    length=u_strToUpper(buffer, LENGTHOF(buffer), input, -1, "tr", &errorCode);
+    if(U_SUCCESS(errorCode)) {
+        printUString("full-uppercased/tr: ", buffer, length);
+    } else {
+        printf("error in u_strToUpper(tr)=%ld error=%s\n", length, u_errorName(errorCode));
+    }
+    /* titlecase/English */
+    errorCode=U_ZERO_ERROR;
+    length=u_strToTitle(buffer, LENGTHOF(buffer), input, -1, NULL, "en", &errorCode);
+    if(U_SUCCESS(errorCode)) {
+        printUString("full-titlecased/en: ", buffer, length);
+    } else {
+        printf("error in u_strToTitle(en)=%ld error=%s\n", length, u_errorName(errorCode));
+    }
+    /* titlecase/Turkish */
+    errorCode=U_ZERO_ERROR;
+    length=u_strToTitle(buffer, LENGTHOF(buffer), input, -1, NULL, "tr", &errorCode);
+    if(U_SUCCESS(errorCode)) {
+        printUString("full-titlecased/tr: ", buffer, length);
+    } else {
+        printf("error in u_strToTitle(tr)=%ld error=%s\n", length, u_errorName(errorCode));
+    }
+    /* case-fold/default */
+    errorCode=U_ZERO_ERROR;
+    length=u_strFoldCase(buffer, LENGTHOF(buffer), input, -1, U_FOLD_CASE_DEFAULT, &errorCode);
+    if(U_SUCCESS(errorCode)) {
+        printUString("full-case-folded/default: ", buffer, length);
+    } else {
+        printf("error in u_strFoldCase(default)=%ld error=%s\n", length, u_errorName(errorCode));
+    }
+    /* case-fold/Turkic */
+    errorCode=U_ZERO_ERROR;
+    length=u_strFoldCase(buffer, LENGTHOF(buffer), input, -1, U_FOLD_CASE_EXCLUDE_SPECIAL_I, &errorCode);
+    if(U_SUCCESS(errorCode)) {
+        printUString("full-case-folded/Turkic: ", buffer, length);
+    } else {
+        printf("error in u_strFoldCase(Turkic)=%ld error=%s\n", length, u_errorName(errorCode));
+    }
+}
+
+// sample code for case mappings with C++ APIs ------------------------------ ***
+
+static void demoCaseMapInCPlusPlus() {
+    /*
+     * input=
+     *   "aB<capital sigma>"
+     *   "iI<small dotless i><capital dotted I> "
+     *   "<sharp s> <small lig. ffi>"
+     *   "<small final sigma><small sigma><capital sigma>"
+     */
+    static const UChar input[]={
+        0x61, 0x42, 0x3a3,
+        0x69, 0x49, 0x131, 0x130, 0x20,
+        0xdf, 0x20, 0xfb03,
+        0x3c2, 0x3c3, 0x3a3, 0
+    };
+
+    printf("\n* demoCaseMapInCPlusPlus() --------- ***\n\n");
+
+    UnicodeString s(input), t;
+    const Locale &en=Locale::getEnglish();
+    Locale tr("tr");
+
+    /*
+     * Full case mappings as in demoCaseMapInC(), using UnicodeString functions.
+     * These functions modify the string object itself.
+     * Since we want to keep the input string around, we copy it each time
+     * and case-map the copy.
+     */
+    printUnicodeString("input string: ", s);
+
+    /* lowercase/English */
+    printUnicodeString("full-lowercased/en: ", (t=s).toLower(en));
+    /* lowercase/Turkish */
+    printUnicodeString("full-lowercased/tr: ", (t=s).toLower(tr));
+    /* uppercase/English */
+    printUnicodeString("full-uppercased/en: ", (t=s).toUpper(en));
+    /* uppercase/Turkish */
+    printUnicodeString("full-uppercased/tr: ", (t=s).toUpper(tr));
+    /* titlecase/English */
+    printUnicodeString("full-titlecased/en: ", (t=s).toTitle(NULL, en));
+    /* titlecase/Turkish */
+    printUnicodeString("full-titlecased/tr: ", (t=s).toTitle(NULL, tr));
+    /* case-folde/default */
+    printUnicodeString("full-case-folded/default: ", (t=s).foldCase(U_FOLD_CASE_DEFAULT));
+    /* case-folde/Turkic */
+    printUnicodeString("full-case-folded/Turkic: ", (t=s).foldCase(U_FOLD_CASE_EXCLUDE_SPECIAL_I));
+}
+
+// sample code for UnicodeString storage models ----------------------------- ***
 
 static const UChar readonly[]={
     0x61, 0x31, 0x20ac
 };
 static UChar writeable[]={
-    0x62, 0x32, 0xdbc0, 0xdc01
+    0x62, 0x32, 0xdbc0, 0xdc01 // includes a surrogate pair for a supplementary code point
 };
 static char out[100];
 
 static void
-demoStorage() {
+demoUnicodeStringStorage() {
     // These sample code lines illustrate how to use UnicodeString, and the
     // comments tell what happens internally. There are no APIs to observe
     // most of this programmatically, except for stepping into the code
     // with a debugger.
     // This is by design to hide such details from the user.
+    int32_t i;
+
+    printf("\n* demoUnicodeStringStorage() ------- ***\n\n");
 
     // * UnicodeString with internally stored contents
     // instantiate a UnicodeString from a single code point
@@ -69,6 +427,7 @@ demoStorage() {
     UnicodeString two=one;
     printf("length of short string copy: %d\n", two.length());
     // set "one" to contain the 3 UChars from readonly
+    // this setTo() variant copies the characters
     one.setTo(readonly, LENGTHOF(readonly));
 
     // * UnicodeString with allocated contents
@@ -85,15 +444,11 @@ demoStorage() {
     // * UnicodeString using readonly-alias to a const UChar array
     // construct a string that aliases a readonly buffer
     UnicodeString three(FALSE, readonly, LENGTHOF(readonly));
-    int32_t i;
-    for(i=0; i<three.length(); ++i) {
-        printf("readonly-alias string[%d]=0x%lx\n", i, three.charAt(i));
-    }
+    printUnicodeString("readonly-alias string: ", three);
     // copy-on-write: any modification to the string results in
     // a copy to either the internal buffer or to a newly allocated one
     three.setCharAt(1, 0x39);
-    out[three.extract(0, 99, out)]=0;
-    printf("readonly-aliasing string after modification: %s\n", out);
+    printUnicodeString("readonly-aliasing string after modification: ", three);
     // the aliased array is not modified
     for(i=0; i<three.length(); ++i) {
         printf("readonly buffer[%d] after modifying its string: 0x%lx\n",
@@ -101,16 +456,20 @@ demoStorage() {
     }
     // setTo() readonly alias
     one.setTo(FALSE, writeable, LENGTHOF(writeable));
-    // copying the readonly-alias object will readonly-alias the same buffer
+    // copying the readonly-alias object with fastCopyFrom() (new in ICU 2.4)
+    // will readonly-alias the same buffer
+    two.fastCopyFrom(one);
+    printUnicodeString("fastCopyFrom(readonly alias of \"writeable\" array): ", two);
+    printf("verify that a fastCopyFrom(readonly alias) uses the same buffer pointer: %d (should be 1)\n",
+        one.getBuffer()==two.getBuffer());
+    // a normal assignment will clone the contents (new in ICU 2.4)
     two=one;
-    out[two.extract(0, 99, out)]=0;
-    printf("copy of readonly-alias string of \"writeable\" array: %s\n", out);
+    printf("verify that a regular copy of a readonly alias uses a different buffer pointer: %d (should be 0)\n",
+        one.getBuffer()==two.getBuffer());
 
     // * UnicodeString using writeable-alias to a non-const UChar array
     UnicodeString four(writeable, LENGTHOF(writeable), LENGTHOF(writeable));
-    for(i=0; i<four.length(); ++i) {
-        printf("writeable-alias string[%d]=0x%lx\n", i, four.charAt(i));
-    }
+    printUnicodeString("writeable-alias string: ", four);
     // a modification writes through to the buffer
     four.setCharAt(1, 0x39);
     for(i=0; i<four.length(); ++i) {
@@ -125,7 +484,7 @@ demoStorage() {
         printf("writeable-alias backing buffer[%d]=0x%lx after "
                "modification of string copy\n", i, writeable[i]);
     }
-    // setTo() writeable alias
+    // setTo() writeable alias, capacity==length
     one.setTo(writeable, LENGTHOF(writeable), LENGTHOF(writeable));
     // grow the string - it will not fit into the backing buffer any more
     // and will get copied before modification
@@ -152,10 +511,16 @@ demoStorage() {
     }
 }
 
-// sample code for instantiating Unicode strings --------------------------- ***
+// sample code for UnicodeString instantiations ----------------------------- ***
 
 static void
-initString() {
+demoUnicodeStringInit() {
+    // *** Make sure to read about invariant characters in utypes.h! ***
+    // Initialization of Unicode strings from C literals works _only_ for
+    // invariant characters!
+
+    printf("\n* demoUnicodeStringInit() ---------- ***\n\n");
+
     // the string literal is 32 chars long - this must be counted for the macro
     UnicodeString invariantOnly=UNICODE_STRING("such characters are safe 123 %-.", 32);
 
@@ -193,8 +558,7 @@ initString() {
     UnicodeString german=UNICODE_STRING(
         "Sch\\u00f6nes Auto: \\u20ac 11240.\\fPrivates Zeichen: \\U00102345\\n", 64).
         unescape();
-    printf("german UnicodeString from unescaping:\n    ");
-    printUnicodeString(german);
+    printUnicodeString("german UnicodeString from unescaping:\n    ", german);
 
     /*
      * C: convert and unescape a char * string with only invariant
@@ -206,13 +570,40 @@ initString() {
         "Sch\\u00f6nes Auto: \\u20ac 11240.\\fPrivates Zeichen: \\U00102345\\n",
         buffer, LENGTHOF(buffer));
     printf("german C Unicode string from char * unescaping: (length %d)\n    ", length);
-    printUnicodeString(UnicodeString(buffer));
+    printUnicodeString("", UnicodeString(buffer));
 }
 
 extern int
 main(int argc, const char *argv[]) {
-    demoStorage();
-    initString();
+    UErrorCode errorCode=U_ZERO_ERROR;
 
+    // Note: Using a global variable for any object is not exactly thread-safe...
+
+    // You can change this call to e.g. ucnv_open("UTF-8", &errorCode) if you pipe
+    // the output to a file and look at it with a Unicode-capable editor.
+    // This will currently affect only the printUString() function, see the code above.
+    // printUnicodeString() could use this, too, by changing to an extract() overload
+    // that takes a UConverter argument.
+    cnv=ucnv_open(NULL, &errorCode);
+    if(U_FAILURE(errorCode)) {
+        fprintf(stderr, "error %s opening the default converter\n", u_errorName(errorCode));
+        return errorCode;
+    }
+
+    ucnv_setFromUCallBack(cnv, UCNV_FROM_U_CALLBACK_ESCAPE, UCNV_ESCAPE_C, NULL, NULL, &errorCode);
+    if(U_FAILURE(errorCode)) {
+        fprintf(stderr, "error %s setting the escape callback in the default converter\n", u_errorName(errorCode));
+        ucnv_close(cnv);
+        return errorCode;
+    }
+
+    demo_utf_h_macros();
+    demo_C_Unicode_strings();
+    demoCaseMapInC();
+    demoCaseMapInCPlusPlus();
+    demoUnicodeStringStorage();
+    demoUnicodeStringInit();
+
+    ucnv_close(cnv);
     return 0;
 }