/*
*******************************************************************************
* Copyright (C) 2007-2008, International Business Machines Corporation and    *
* others. All Rights Reserved.                                                *
*******************************************************************************
*/

#include "unicode/utypes.h"

#if !UCONFIG_NO_FORMATTING

#include "zstrfmt.h"

#include "unicode/ustring.h"
#include "unicode/putil.h"
#include "unicode/msgfmt.h"
#include "unicode/basictz.h"
#include "unicode/simpletz.h"
#include "unicode/rbtz.h"
#include "unicode/vtzone.h"

#include "uvector.h"
#include "cstring.h"
#include "cmemory.h"
#include "uresimp.h"
#include "zonemeta.h"
#include "olsontz.h"
#include "umutex.h"
#include "ucln_in.h"

/**
 * global ZoneStringFormatCache stuffs
 */
static UMTX gZSFCacheLock = NULL;
static U_NAMESPACE_QUALIFIER ZSFCache *gZoneStringFormatCache = NULL;

U_CDECL_BEGIN
/**
 * ZoneStringFormatCache cleanup callback func
 */
static UBool U_CALLCONV zoneStringFormat_cleanup(void)
{
    umtx_destroy(&gZSFCacheLock);
    if (gZoneStringFormatCache != NULL) {
        delete gZoneStringFormatCache;
        gZoneStringFormatCache = NULL;
    }
    gZoneStringFormatCache = NULL;
    return TRUE;
}

/**
 * Deleter for ZoneStringInfo
 */
static void U_CALLCONV
deleteZoneStringInfo(void *obj) {
    delete (U_NAMESPACE_QUALIFIER ZoneStringInfo*)obj;
}

/**
 * Deleter for ZoneStrings
 */
static void U_CALLCONV
deleteZoneStrings(void *obj) {
    delete (U_NAMESPACE_QUALIFIER ZoneStrings*)obj;
}
U_CDECL_END

U_NAMESPACE_BEGIN

#define ZID_KEY_MAX 128

static const char gCountriesTag[]       = "Countries";
static const char gZoneStringsTag[]     = "zoneStrings";
static const char gShortGenericTag[]    = "sg";
static const char gShortStandardTag[]   = "ss";
static const char gShortDaylightTag[]   = "sd";
static const char gLongGenericTag[]     = "lg";
static const char gLongStandardTag[]    = "ls";
static const char gLongDaylightTag[]    = "ld";
static const char gExemplarCityTag[]    = "ec";
static const char gCommonlyUsedTag[]    = "cu";
static const char gFallbackFormatTag[]  = "fallbackFormat";
static const char gRegionFormatTag[]    = "regionFormat";

#define MZID_PREFIX_LEN 5
static const char gMetazoneIdPrefix[]   = "meta:";

#define MAX_METAZONES_PER_ZONE 10

static const UChar gDefFallbackPattern[]    = {0x7B, 0x31, 0x7D, 0x20, 0x28, 0x7B, 0x30, 0x7D, 0x29, 0x00}; // "{1} ({0})"
static const UChar gDefRegionPattern[]      = {0x7B, 0x30, 0x7D, 0x00}; // "{0}"
static const UChar gCommonlyUsedTrue[]      = {0x31, 0x00}; // "1"

static const double kDstCheckRange      = (double)184*U_MILLIS_PER_DAY;

static int32_t
getTimeZoneTranslationTypeIndex(TimeZoneTranslationType type) {
    int32_t typeIdx = 0;
    switch (type) {
        case LOCATION:
            typeIdx = ZSIDX_LOCATION;
            break;
        case GENERIC_LONG:
            typeIdx = ZSIDX_LONG_GENERIC;
            break;
        case GENERIC_SHORT:
            typeIdx = ZSIDX_SHORT_GENERIC;
            break;
        case STANDARD_LONG:
            typeIdx = ZSIDX_LONG_STANDARD;
            break;
        case STANDARD_SHORT:
            typeIdx = ZSIDX_SHORT_STANDARD;
            break;
        case DAYLIGHT_LONG:
            typeIdx = ZSIDX_LONG_DAYLIGHT;
            break;
        case DAYLIGHT_SHORT:
            typeIdx = ZSIDX_SHORT_DAYLIGHT;
            break;
    }
    return typeIdx;
}

static int32_t
getTimeZoneTranslationType(TimeZoneTranslationTypeIndex typeIdx) {
    int32_t type = 0;
    switch (typeIdx) {
        case ZSIDX_LOCATION:
            type = LOCATION;
            break;
        case ZSIDX_LONG_GENERIC:
            type = GENERIC_LONG;
            break;
        case ZSIDX_SHORT_GENERIC:
            type = GENERIC_SHORT;
            break;
        case ZSIDX_LONG_STANDARD:
            type = STANDARD_LONG;
            break;
        case ZSIDX_SHORT_STANDARD:
            type = STANDARD_SHORT;
            break;
        case ZSIDX_LONG_DAYLIGHT:
            type = DAYLIGHT_LONG;
            break;
        case ZSIDX_SHORT_DAYLIGHT:
            type = DAYLIGHT_SHORT;
            break;
    }
    return type;
}

#define DEFAULT_CHARACTERNODE_CAPACITY 1

// ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
CharacterNode::CharacterNode(UChar32 c, UErrorCode &status)
: fChildren(deleteZoneStringInfo, NULL, DEFAULT_CHARACTERNODE_CAPACITY, status),
  fValues(deleteZoneStringInfo, NULL, DEFAULT_CHARACTERNODE_CAPACITY, status),
  fCharacter(c)
{
}

CharacterNode::~CharacterNode() {
    while (!fChildren.isEmpty()) {
        CharacterNode *node = (CharacterNode*)fChildren.orphanElementAt(0);
        delete node;
    }
}

void
CharacterNode::addValue(void *value, UErrorCode &status) {
    if (U_FAILURE(status)) {
        return;
    }
    fValues.addElement(value, status);
}

CharacterNode*
CharacterNode::addChildNode(UChar32 c, UErrorCode &status) {
    if (U_FAILURE(status)) {
        return NULL;
    }
    CharacterNode *result = NULL;
    int32_t childrenNum = fChildren.size();
    for (int32_t i = 0; i < childrenNum; i++) {
        CharacterNode *node = (CharacterNode*)fChildren.elementAt(i);
        if (node->getCharacter() == c) {
            result = node;
            break;
        }
    }
    if (result == NULL) {
        result = new CharacterNode(c, status);
        fChildren.addElement(result, status);
    }

    return result;
}

CharacterNode*
CharacterNode::getChildNode(UChar32 c) const {
    CharacterNode *result = NULL;
    int32_t childrenNum = fChildren.size();
    for (int32_t i = 0; i < childrenNum; i++) {
        CharacterNode *node = (CharacterNode*)fChildren.elementAt(i);
        if (node->getCharacter() == c) {
            result = node;
            break;
        }
    }
    return result;
}

// ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
TextTrieMap::TextTrieMap(UBool ignoreCase)
: fIgnoreCase(ignoreCase), fRoot(NULL) {
}

TextTrieMap::~TextTrieMap() {
    if (fRoot != NULL) {
        delete fRoot;
    }
}

void
TextTrieMap::put(const UnicodeString &key, void *value, UErrorCode &status) {
    if (fRoot == NULL) {
        fRoot = new CharacterNode(0, status);
    }

    UnicodeString keyString(key);
    if (fIgnoreCase) {
        keyString.foldCase();
    }

    CharacterNode *node = fRoot;
    int32_t index = 0;
    while (index < keyString.length()) {
        UChar32 c = keyString.char32At(index);
        node = node->addChildNode(c, status);  
        if (U_FAILURE(status)) {
            return;
        }
        index = keyString.moveIndex32(index, 1);
    }
    node->addValue(value, status);
}

void
TextTrieMap::search(const UnicodeString &text, int32_t start,
                  TextTrieMapSearchResultHandler *handler, UErrorCode &status) const {
    if (fRoot == NULL) {
        return;
    }
    search(fRoot, text, start, start, handler, status);
}

void
TextTrieMap::search(CharacterNode *node, const UnicodeString &text, int32_t start,
                  int32_t index, TextTrieMapSearchResultHandler *handler, UErrorCode &status) const {
    if (U_FAILURE(status)) {
        return;
    }
    const UVector *values = node->getValues();
    if (values != NULL) {
        if (!handler->handleMatch(index - start, values, status)) {
            return;
        }
        if (U_FAILURE(status)) {
            return;
        }
    }
    UChar32 c = text.char32At(index);
    if (fIgnoreCase) {
        // size of character may grow after fold operation
        UnicodeString tmp(c);
        tmp.foldCase();
        int32_t tmpidx = 0;
        while (tmpidx < tmp.length()) {
            c = tmp.char32At(tmpidx);
            node = node->getChildNode(c);
            if (node == NULL) {
                break;
            }
            tmpidx = tmp.moveIndex32(tmpidx, 1);
        }
    } else {
        node = node->getChildNode(c);
    }
    if (node != NULL) {
        search(node, text, start, index+1, handler, status);
    }
}

// ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
ZoneStringInfo::ZoneStringInfo(const UnicodeString &id, const UnicodeString &str,
                               TimeZoneTranslationType type)
: fId(id), fStr(str), fType(type) {
}

ZoneStringInfo::~ZoneStringInfo() {
}
// ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
ZoneStringSearchResultHandler::ZoneStringSearchResultHandler(UErrorCode &status)
: fResults(status)
{
    clear();
}

ZoneStringSearchResultHandler::~ZoneStringSearchResultHandler() {
    clear();
}

UBool
ZoneStringSearchResultHandler::handleMatch(int32_t matchLength, const UVector *values, UErrorCode &status) {
    if (U_FAILURE(status)) {
        return FALSE;
    }
    if (values != NULL) {
        for (int32_t i = 0; values->size(); i++) {
            ZoneStringInfo *zsinfo = (ZoneStringInfo*)values->elementAt(i);
            if (zsinfo == NULL) {
                break;
            }
            // Update the results
            UBool foundType = FALSE;
            for (int32_t j = 0; j < fResults.size(); j++) {
                ZoneStringInfo *tmp = (ZoneStringInfo*)fResults.elementAt(j);
                if (zsinfo->fType == tmp->fType) {
                    int32_t lenidx = getTimeZoneTranslationTypeIndex(tmp->fType);
                    if (matchLength > fMatchLen[lenidx]) {
                        // Same type, longer match
                        fResults.setElementAt(zsinfo, j);
                        fMatchLen[lenidx] = matchLength;
                    }
                    foundType = TRUE;
                    break;
                }
            }
            if (!foundType) {
                // not found in the current list
                fResults.addElement(zsinfo, status);
                fMatchLen[getTimeZoneTranslationTypeIndex(zsinfo->fType)] = matchLength;
            }
        }
    }
    return TRUE;
}

int32_t
ZoneStringSearchResultHandler::countMatches(void) {
    return fResults.size();
}

const ZoneStringInfo*
ZoneStringSearchResultHandler::getMatch(int32_t index, int32_t &matchLength) {
    ZoneStringInfo *zsinfo = NULL;
    if (index < fResults.size()) {
        zsinfo = (ZoneStringInfo*)fResults.elementAt(index);
        matchLength = fMatchLen[getTimeZoneTranslationTypeIndex(zsinfo->fType)];
    }
    return zsinfo;
}

void
ZoneStringSearchResultHandler::clear(void) {
    fResults.removeAllElements();
    for (int32_t i = 0; i < (int32_t)(sizeof(fMatchLen)/sizeof(fMatchLen[0])); i++) {
        fMatchLen[i] = 0;
    }
}
// ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
ZoneStringFormat::ZoneStringFormat(const UnicodeString* const* strings,
                                   int32_t rowCount, int32_t columnCount, UErrorCode &status)
: fLocale(""),
  fTzidToStrings(uhash_compareUnicodeString, NULL, status),
  fMzidToStrings(uhash_compareUnicodeString, NULL, status),
  fZoneStringsTrie(TRUE)
{
    if (U_FAILURE(status)) {
        return;
    }
    fLocale.setToBogus();
    if (strings == NULL || columnCount <= 0 || rowCount <= 0) {
        status = U_ILLEGAL_ARGUMENT_ERROR;
        return;
    }

    fTzidToStrings.setValueDeleter(deleteZoneStrings);

    for (int32_t row = 0; row < rowCount; row++) {
        if (strings[row][0].isEmpty()) {
            continue;
        }
        UnicodeString *names = new UnicodeString[ZSIDX_COUNT];
        for (int32_t col = 1; col < columnCount; col++) {
            if (!strings[row][col].isEmpty()) {
                int32_t typeIdx = -1;
                switch (col) {
                    case 1:
                        typeIdx = ZSIDX_LONG_STANDARD;
                        break;
                    case 2:
                        typeIdx = ZSIDX_SHORT_STANDARD;
                        break;
                    case 3:
                        typeIdx = ZSIDX_LONG_DAYLIGHT;
                        break;
                    case 4:
                        typeIdx = ZSIDX_SHORT_DAYLIGHT;
                        break;
                    case 5:
                        typeIdx = ZSIDX_LOCATION;
                        break;
                    case 6:
                        typeIdx = ZSIDX_LONG_GENERIC;
                        break;
                    case 7:
                        typeIdx = ZSIDX_SHORT_GENERIC;
                        break;
                }
                if (typeIdx != -1) {
                    names[typeIdx].setTo(strings[row][col]);

                    // Put the name into the trie
                    int32_t type = getTimeZoneTranslationType((TimeZoneTranslationTypeIndex)typeIdx);
                    ZoneStringInfo *zsinf = new ZoneStringInfo(strings[row][0], strings[row][col], (TimeZoneTranslationType)type);
                    fZoneStringsTrie.put(strings[row][col], zsinf, status);
                    if (U_FAILURE(status)) {
                        delete zsinf;
                        goto error_cleanup;
                    }
                }
            }
        }
        ZoneStrings *zstrings = new ZoneStrings(names, ZSIDX_COUNT, TRUE, NULL, 0, 0);
        fTzidToStrings.put(strings[row][0], zstrings, status);
        if (U_FAILURE(status)) {
            delete zstrings;
            goto error_cleanup;
        }
    }
    return;

error_cleanup:
    return;
}

ZoneStringFormat::ZoneStringFormat(const Locale &locale, UErrorCode &status)
: fLocale(locale),
  fTzidToStrings(uhash_compareUnicodeString, NULL, status),
  fMzidToStrings(uhash_compareUnicodeString, NULL, status),
  fZoneStringsTrie(TRUE)
{
    if (U_FAILURE(status)) {
        return;
    }
    fTzidToStrings.setValueDeleter(deleteZoneStrings);
    fMzidToStrings.setValueDeleter(deleteZoneStrings);

    UResourceBundle *zoneStringsArray = ures_open(NULL, locale.getName(), &status);
    zoneStringsArray = ures_getByKeyWithFallback(zoneStringsArray, gZoneStringsTag, zoneStringsArray, &status);
    if (U_FAILURE(status)) {
        // If no locale bundles are available, zoneStrings will be null.
        // We still want to go through the rest of zone strings initialization,
        // because generic location format is generated from tzid for the case.
        // The rest of code should work even zoneStrings is null.
        status = U_ZERO_ERROR;
        ures_close(zoneStringsArray);
        zoneStringsArray = NULL;
    }

    StringEnumeration *tzids = NULL;
    MessageFormat *fallbackFmt = NULL;
    MessageFormat *regionFmt = NULL;

    UResourceBundle *zoneItem = NULL;
    UResourceBundle *metazoneItem = NULL;

    char zidkey[ZID_KEY_MAX];
    const UChar *zstrarray[ZSIDX_COUNT];
    const UChar *mzstrarray[ZSIDX_COUNT];
    UnicodeString mzPartialLoc[MAX_METAZONES_PER_ZONE][4];

    UnicodeString region;
    getRegion(region);

    fallbackFmt = getFallbackFormat(locale, status);
    if (U_FAILURE(status)) {
        goto error_cleanup;
    }
    regionFmt = getRegionFormat(locale, status);
    if (U_FAILURE(status)) {
        goto error_cleanup;
    }

    tzids = TimeZone::createEnumeration();
    const char *tzid;
    while ((tzid = tzids->next(NULL, status))) {
        if (U_FAILURE(status)) {
            goto error_cleanup;
        }
        // Skip non-canonical IDs
        UnicodeString utzid(tzid, -1, US_INV);
        UnicodeString canonicalID;
        TimeZone::getCanonicalID(utzid, canonicalID, status);
        if (U_FAILURE(status)) {
            // Ignore unknown ID - we should not get here, but just in case.
            status = U_ZERO_ERROR;
            continue;
        }
        if (utzid != canonicalID) {
            continue;
        }

        uprv_strcpy(zidkey, tzid);

        // Replace '/' with ':'
        char *pCity = NULL;
        char *p = zidkey;
        while (*p) {
            if (*p == '/') {
                *p = ':';
                pCity = p + 1;
            }
            p++;
        }

        if (zoneStringsArray != NULL) {
            zoneItem = ures_getByKeyWithFallback(zoneStringsArray, zidkey, zoneItem, &status);
            if (U_FAILURE(status)) {
                // If failed to open the zone item, create only location string
                ures_close(zoneItem);
                zoneItem = NULL;
                status = U_ZERO_ERROR;
            }
        }
        zstrarray[ZSIDX_LONG_STANDARD] = getZoneStringFromBundle(zoneItem, gLongStandardTag);
        zstrarray[ZSIDX_SHORT_STANDARD] = getZoneStringFromBundle(zoneItem, gShortStandardTag);
        zstrarray[ZSIDX_LONG_DAYLIGHT] = getZoneStringFromBundle(zoneItem, gLongDaylightTag);
        zstrarray[ZSIDX_SHORT_DAYLIGHT] = getZoneStringFromBundle(zoneItem, gShortDaylightTag);
        zstrarray[ZSIDX_LONG_GENERIC] = getZoneStringFromBundle(zoneItem, gLongGenericTag);
        zstrarray[ZSIDX_SHORT_GENERIC] = getZoneStringFromBundle(zoneItem, gShortGenericTag);

        // Compose location format string
        UnicodeString location;
        UnicodeString country;
        UnicodeString city;
        UnicodeString countryCode;
        ZoneMeta::getCanonicalCountry(utzid, countryCode);
        if (countryCode.isEmpty()) {
            zstrarray[ZSIDX_LOCATION] = NULL;
        } else {
            const UChar* tmpCity = getZoneStringFromBundle(zoneItem, gExemplarCityTag);
            if (tmpCity != NULL) {
                city.setTo(TRUE, tmpCity, -1);
            } else {
                city.setTo(UnicodeString(pCity, -1, US_INV));
                // Replace '_' with ' '
                for (int32_t i = 0; i < city.length(); i++) {
                    if (city.charAt(i) == (UChar)0x5F /*'_'*/) {
                        city.setCharAt(i, (UChar)0x20 /*' '*/);
                    }
                }
            }
            getLocalizedCountry(countryCode, locale, country);
            UnicodeString singleCountry;
            ZoneMeta::getSingleCountry(utzid, singleCountry);
            FieldPosition fpos;
            if (singleCountry.isEmpty()) {
                Formattable params [] = {
                    Formattable(city),
                    Formattable(country)
                };
                fallbackFmt->format(params, 2, location, fpos, status);
            } else {
                // If the zone is only one zone in the country, do not add city
                Formattable params [] = {
                    Formattable(country)
                };
                regionFmt->format(params, 1, location, fpos, status);
            }
            if (U_FAILURE(status)) {
                goto error_cleanup;
            }

            // Workaround for reducing UMR warning in Purify.
            // Append NULL before calling getTerminatedBuffer()
            int32_t locLen = location.length();
            location.append((UChar)0).truncate(locLen);

            zstrarray[ZSIDX_LOCATION] = location.getTerminatedBuffer();
        }

        UBool commonlyUsed = isCommonlyUsed(zoneItem);

        // Resolve metazones used by this zone
        int32_t mzPartialLocIdx = 0;
        const UVector *metazoneMappings = ZoneMeta::getMetazoneMappings(utzid);
        if (metazoneMappings != NULL) {
            for (int32_t i = 0; i < metazoneMappings->size(); i++) {
                const OlsonToMetaMappingEntry *mzmap = (const OlsonToMetaMappingEntry*)metazoneMappings->elementAt(i);
                UnicodeString mzid(mzmap->mzid);
                const ZoneStrings *mzStrings = (const ZoneStrings*)fMzidToStrings.get(mzid);
                if (mzStrings == NULL) {
                    // If the metazone strings are not yet processed, do it now.
                    char mzidkey[ZID_KEY_MAX];
                    uprv_strcpy(mzidkey, gMetazoneIdPrefix);
                    u_UCharsToChars(mzmap->mzid, mzidkey + MZID_PREFIX_LEN, u_strlen(mzmap->mzid) + 1);
                    metazoneItem = ures_getByKeyWithFallback(zoneStringsArray, mzidkey, metazoneItem, &status);
                    if (U_FAILURE(status)) {
                        // No resources available for this metazone
                        // Resource bundle will be cleaned up after end of the loop.
                        status = U_ZERO_ERROR;
                        continue;
                    }
                    UBool mzCommonlyUsed = isCommonlyUsed(metazoneItem);
                    mzstrarray[ZSIDX_LONG_STANDARD] = getZoneStringFromBundle(metazoneItem, gLongStandardTag);
                    mzstrarray[ZSIDX_SHORT_STANDARD] = getZoneStringFromBundle(metazoneItem, gShortStandardTag);
                    mzstrarray[ZSIDX_LONG_DAYLIGHT] = getZoneStringFromBundle(metazoneItem, gLongDaylightTag);
                    mzstrarray[ZSIDX_SHORT_DAYLIGHT] = getZoneStringFromBundle(metazoneItem, gShortDaylightTag);
                    mzstrarray[ZSIDX_LONG_GENERIC] = getZoneStringFromBundle(metazoneItem, gLongGenericTag);
                    mzstrarray[ZSIDX_SHORT_GENERIC] = getZoneStringFromBundle(metazoneItem, gShortGenericTag);
                    mzstrarray[ZSIDX_LOCATION] = NULL;

                    int32_t lastNonNullIdx = ZSIDX_COUNT - 1;
                    while (lastNonNullIdx >= 0) {
                        if (mzstrarray[lastNonNullIdx] != NULL) {
                            break;
                        }
                        lastNonNullIdx--;
                    }
                    UnicodeString *strings_mz = NULL;
                    ZoneStrings *tmp_mzStrings = NULL;
                    if (lastNonNullIdx >= 0) {
                        // Create UnicodeString array and put strings to the zone string trie
                        strings_mz = new UnicodeString[lastNonNullIdx + 1];

                        UnicodeString preferredIdForLocale;
                        ZoneMeta::getZoneIdByMetazone(mzid, region, preferredIdForLocale);

                        for (int32_t typeidx = 0; typeidx <= lastNonNullIdx; typeidx++) {
                            if (mzstrarray[typeidx] != NULL) {
                                strings_mz[typeidx].setTo(TRUE, mzstrarray[typeidx], -1);

                                // Add a metazone string to the zone string trie
                                int32_t type = getTimeZoneTranslationType((TimeZoneTranslationTypeIndex)typeidx);
                                ZoneStringInfo *zsinfo = new ZoneStringInfo(preferredIdForLocale, strings_mz[typeidx], (TimeZoneTranslationType)type);
                                fZoneStringsTrie.put(strings_mz[typeidx], zsinfo, status);
                                if (U_FAILURE(status)) {
                                    delete []strings_mz;
                                    goto error_cleanup;
                                }
                            }
                        }
                        tmp_mzStrings = new ZoneStrings(strings_mz, lastNonNullIdx + 1, mzCommonlyUsed, NULL, 0, 0);
                    } else {
                        // Create ZoneStrings with empty contents
                        tmp_mzStrings = new ZoneStrings(NULL, 0, FALSE, NULL, 0, 0);
                    }

                    fMzidToStrings.put(mzid, tmp_mzStrings, status);
                    if (U_FAILURE(status)) {
                        goto error_cleanup;
                    }

                    mzStrings = tmp_mzStrings;
                }

                // Compose generic partial location format
                UnicodeString lg;
                UnicodeString sg;

                mzStrings->getString(ZSIDX_LONG_GENERIC, lg);
                mzStrings->getString(ZSIDX_SHORT_GENERIC, sg);

                if (!lg.isEmpty() || !sg.isEmpty()) {
                    UBool addMzPartialLocationNames = TRUE;
                    for (int32_t j = 0; j < mzPartialLocIdx; j++) {
                        if (mzPartialLoc[j][0] == mzid) {
                            // already processed
                            addMzPartialLocationNames = FALSE;
                            break;
                        }
                    }
                    if (addMzPartialLocationNames) {
                        UnicodeString *locationPart = NULL;
                        // Check if the zone is the preferred zone for the territory associated with the zone
                        UnicodeString preferredID;
                        ZoneMeta::getZoneIdByMetazone(mzid, countryCode, preferredID);
                        if (utzid == preferredID) {
                            // Use country for the location
                            locationPart = &country;
                        } else {
                            // Use city for the location
                            locationPart = &city;
                        }
                        // Reset the partial location string array
                        mzPartialLoc[mzPartialLocIdx][0].setTo(mzid);
                        mzPartialLoc[mzPartialLocIdx][1].remove();
                        mzPartialLoc[mzPartialLocIdx][2].remove();
                        mzPartialLoc[mzPartialLocIdx][3].remove();

                        if (locationPart != NULL) {
                            FieldPosition fpos;
                            if (!lg.isEmpty()) {
                                Formattable params [] = {
                                    Formattable(*locationPart),
                                    Formattable(lg)
                                };
                                fallbackFmt->format(params, 2, mzPartialLoc[mzPartialLocIdx][1], fpos, status);
                            }
                            if (!sg.isEmpty()) {
                                Formattable params [] = {
                                    Formattable(*locationPart),
                                    Formattable(sg)
                                };
                                fallbackFmt->format(params, 2, mzPartialLoc[mzPartialLocIdx][2], fpos, status);
                                if (mzStrings->isShortFormatCommonlyUsed()) {
                                    mzPartialLoc[mzPartialLocIdx][3].setTo(TRUE, gCommonlyUsedTrue, -1);
                                }
                            }
                            if (U_FAILURE(status)) {
                                goto error_cleanup;
                            }
                        }
                        mzPartialLocIdx++;
                    }
                }
            }
        }
        // Collected names for a zone

        // Create UnicodeString array for localized zone strings
        int32_t lastIdx = ZSIDX_COUNT - 1;
        while (lastIdx >= 0) {
            if (zstrarray[lastIdx] != NULL) {
                break;
            }
            lastIdx--;
        }
        UnicodeString *strings = NULL;
        int32_t stringsCount = lastIdx + 1;

        if (stringsCount > 0) {
            strings = new UnicodeString[stringsCount];
            for (int32_t i = 0; i < stringsCount; i++) {
                if (zstrarray[i] != NULL) {
                    strings[i].setTo(zstrarray[i], -1);

                    // Add names to the trie
                    int32_t type = getTimeZoneTranslationType((TimeZoneTranslationTypeIndex)i);
                    ZoneStringInfo *zsinfo = new ZoneStringInfo(utzid, strings[i], (TimeZoneTranslationType)type);
                    fZoneStringsTrie.put(strings[i], zsinfo, status);
                    if (U_FAILURE(status)) {
                        delete zsinfo;
                        delete[] strings;
                        goto error_cleanup;
                    }
                }
            }
        }

        // Create UnicodeString array for generic partial location strings
        UnicodeString **genericPartialLocationNames = NULL;
        int32_t genericPartialRowCount = mzPartialLocIdx;
        int32_t genericPartialColCount = 4;

        if (genericPartialRowCount != 0) {
            genericPartialLocationNames = (UnicodeString**)uprv_malloc(genericPartialRowCount * sizeof(UnicodeString*));
            if (genericPartialLocationNames == NULL) {
                status = U_MEMORY_ALLOCATION_ERROR;
                delete[] strings;
                goto error_cleanup;
            }
            for (int32_t i = 0; i < genericPartialRowCount; i++) {
                genericPartialLocationNames[i] = new UnicodeString[genericPartialColCount];
                for (int32_t j = 0; j < genericPartialColCount; j++) {
                    genericPartialLocationNames[i][j].setTo(mzPartialLoc[i][j]);
                    // Add names to the trie
                    if ((j == 1 || j == 2) &&!genericPartialLocationNames[i][j].isEmpty()) {
                        ZoneStringInfo *zsinfo;
                        TimeZoneTranslationType type = (j == 1) ? GENERIC_LONG : GENERIC_SHORT;
                        zsinfo = new ZoneStringInfo(utzid, genericPartialLocationNames[i][j], type);
                        fZoneStringsTrie.put(genericPartialLocationNames[i][j], zsinfo, status);
                        if (U_FAILURE(status)) {
                            delete[] genericPartialLocationNames[i];
                            uprv_free(genericPartialLocationNames);
                            delete[] strings;
                            goto error_cleanup;
                        }
                    }
                }
            }
        }

        // Finally, create ZoneStrings instance and put it into the tzidToStinrgs map
        ZoneStrings *zstrings = new ZoneStrings(strings, stringsCount, commonlyUsed,
            genericPartialLocationNames, genericPartialRowCount, genericPartialColCount);

        fTzidToStrings.put(utzid, zstrings, status);
        if (U_FAILURE(status)) {
            delete zstrings;
            goto error_cleanup;
        }
    }

error_cleanup:
    if (fallbackFmt != NULL) {
        delete fallbackFmt;
    }
    if (regionFmt != NULL) {
        delete regionFmt;
    }
    if (tzids != NULL) {
        delete tzids;
    }
    ures_close(zoneItem);
    ures_close(metazoneItem);
    ures_close(zoneStringsArray);
}

ZoneStringFormat::~ZoneStringFormat() {
}

SafeZoneStringFormatPtr*
ZoneStringFormat::getZoneStringFormat(const Locale& locale, UErrorCode &status) {
    umtx_lock(&gZSFCacheLock);
    if (gZoneStringFormatCache == NULL) {
        gZoneStringFormatCache = new ZSFCache(10 /* capacity */);
        ucln_i18n_registerCleanup(UCLN_I18N_ZSFORMAT, zoneStringFormat_cleanup);
    }
    umtx_unlock(&gZSFCacheLock);

    return gZoneStringFormatCache->get(locale, status);
}


UnicodeString**
ZoneStringFormat::createZoneStringsArray(UDate date, int32_t &rowCount, int32_t &colCount, UErrorCode &status) const {
    if (U_FAILURE(status)) {
        return NULL;
    }
    UnicodeString **result = NULL;
    rowCount = 0;
    colCount = 0;

    // Collect canonical time zone IDs
    UVector canonicalIDs(uhash_deleteUnicodeString, uhash_compareUnicodeString, status);
    if (U_FAILURE(status)) {
        return NULL;
    }
    StringEnumeration *tzids = TimeZone::createEnumeration();
    const UChar *tzid;
    while ((tzid = tzids->unext(NULL, status))) {
        if (U_FAILURE(status)) {
            delete tzids;
            return NULL;
        }
        UnicodeString utzid(tzid);
        UnicodeString canonicalID;
        TimeZone::getCanonicalID(UnicodeString(tzid), canonicalID, status);
        if (U_FAILURE(status)) {
            // Ignore unknown ID - we should not get here, but just in case.
            status = U_ZERO_ERROR;
            continue;
        }
        if (utzid == canonicalID) {
            canonicalIDs.addElement(new UnicodeString(utzid), status);
            if (U_FAILURE(status)) {
                delete tzids;
                return NULL;
            }
        }
    }
    delete tzids;

    // Allocate array
    result = (UnicodeString**)uprv_malloc(canonicalIDs.size() * sizeof(UnicodeString*));
    if (result == NULL) {
        status = U_MEMORY_ALLOCATION_ERROR;
        return NULL;
    }
    for (int32_t i = 0; i < canonicalIDs.size(); i++) {
        result[i] = new UnicodeString[8];
        UnicodeString *id = (UnicodeString*)canonicalIDs.elementAt(i);
        result[i][0].setTo(*id);
        getLongStandard(*id, date, result[i][1]);
        getShortStandard(*id, date, FALSE, result[i][2]);
        getLongDaylight(*id, date, result[i][3]);
        getShortDaylight(*id, date, FALSE, result[i][4]);
        getGenericLocation(*id, result[i][5]);
        getLongGenericNonLocation(*id, date, result[i][6]);
        getShortGenericNonLocation(*id, date, FALSE, result[i][7]);
    }

    rowCount = canonicalIDs.size();
    colCount = 8;
    return result;
}

UnicodeString&
ZoneStringFormat::getSpecificLongString(const Calendar &cal, UnicodeString &result,
                                        UErrorCode &status) const {
    result.remove();
    if (U_FAILURE(status)) {
        return result;
    }
    UnicodeString tzid;
    cal.getTimeZone().getID(tzid);
    UDate date = cal.getTime(status);
    if (cal.get(UCAL_DST_OFFSET, status) == 0) {
        return getString(tzid, ZSIDX_LONG_STANDARD, date, FALSE /*not used*/, result);
    } else {
        return getString(tzid, ZSIDX_LONG_DAYLIGHT, date, FALSE /*not used*/, result);
    }
}

UnicodeString&
ZoneStringFormat::getSpecificShortString(const Calendar &cal, UBool commonlyUsedOnly,
                                         UnicodeString &result, UErrorCode &status) const {
    result.remove();
    if (U_FAILURE(status)) {
        return result;
    }
    UnicodeString tzid;
    cal.getTimeZone().getID(tzid);
    UDate date = cal.getTime(status);
    if (cal.get(UCAL_DST_OFFSET, status) == 0) {
        return getString(tzid, ZSIDX_SHORT_STANDARD, date, commonlyUsedOnly, result);
    } else {
        return getString(tzid, ZSIDX_SHORT_DAYLIGHT, date, commonlyUsedOnly, result);
    }
}

UnicodeString&
ZoneStringFormat::getGenericLongString(const Calendar &cal, UnicodeString &result,
                                       UErrorCode &status) const {
    return getGenericString(cal, FALSE /*long*/, FALSE /* not used */, result, status);
}

UnicodeString&
ZoneStringFormat::getGenericShortString(const Calendar &cal, UBool commonlyUsedOnly,
                                        UnicodeString &result, UErrorCode &status) const {
    return getGenericString(cal, TRUE /*short*/, commonlyUsedOnly, result, status);
}

UnicodeString&
ZoneStringFormat::getGenericLocationString(const Calendar &cal, UnicodeString &result,
                                           UErrorCode &status) const {
    UnicodeString tzid;
    cal.getTimeZone().getID(tzid);
    UDate date = cal.getTime(status);
    return getString(tzid, ZSIDX_LOCATION, date, FALSE /*not used*/, result);
}

const ZoneStringInfo*
ZoneStringFormat::findSpecificLong(const UnicodeString &text, int32_t start,
                                   int32_t &matchLength, UErrorCode &status) const {
    return find(text, start, STANDARD_LONG | DAYLIGHT_LONG, matchLength, status);
}

const ZoneStringInfo*
ZoneStringFormat::findSpecificShort(const UnicodeString &text, int32_t start,
                                    int32_t &matchLength, UErrorCode &status) const {
    return find(text, start, STANDARD_SHORT | DAYLIGHT_SHORT, matchLength, status);
}

const ZoneStringInfo*
ZoneStringFormat::findGenericLong(const UnicodeString &text, int32_t start,
                                  int32_t &matchLength, UErrorCode &status) const {
    return find(text, start, GENERIC_LONG | STANDARD_LONG | LOCATION, matchLength, status);
}

const ZoneStringInfo*
ZoneStringFormat::findGenericShort(const UnicodeString &text, int32_t start,
                                   int32_t &matchLength, UErrorCode &status) const {
    return find(text, start, GENERIC_SHORT | STANDARD_SHORT | LOCATION, matchLength, status);
}

const ZoneStringInfo*
ZoneStringFormat::findGenericLocation(const UnicodeString &text, int32_t start,
                                      int32_t &matchLength, UErrorCode &status) const {
    return find(text, start, LOCATION, matchLength, status);
}

UnicodeString&
ZoneStringFormat::getString(const UnicodeString &tzid, TimeZoneTranslationTypeIndex typeIdx, UDate date,
                            UBool commonlyUsedOnly, UnicodeString& result) const {
    result.remove();

    // ICU's own array does not have entries for aliases
    UnicodeString canonicalID;
    UErrorCode status = U_ZERO_ERROR;
    TimeZone::getCanonicalID(tzid, canonicalID, status);
    if (U_FAILURE(status)) {
        // Unknown ID, but users might have their own data.
        canonicalID.setTo(tzid);
    }

    if (fTzidToStrings.count() > 0) {
        ZoneStrings *zstrings = (ZoneStrings*)fTzidToStrings.get(canonicalID);
        if (zstrings != NULL) {
            switch (typeIdx) {
                case ZSIDX_LONG_STANDARD:
                case ZSIDX_LONG_DAYLIGHT:
                case ZSIDX_LONG_GENERIC:
                case ZSIDX_LOCATION:
                    zstrings->getString(typeIdx, result);
                    break;
                case ZSIDX_SHORT_STANDARD:
                case ZSIDX_SHORT_DAYLIGHT:
                case ZSIDX_SHORT_GENERIC:
                    if (!commonlyUsedOnly || zstrings->isShortFormatCommonlyUsed()) {
                        zstrings->getString(typeIdx, result);
                    }
                    break;
            }
        }
    }
    if (result.isEmpty() && fMzidToStrings.count() > 0 && typeIdx != ZSIDX_LOCATION) {
        // Try metazone
        UnicodeString mzid;
        ZoneMeta::getMetazoneID(canonicalID, date, mzid);
        if (!mzid.isEmpty()) {
            ZoneStrings *mzstrings = (ZoneStrings*)fMzidToStrings.get(mzid);
            if (mzstrings != NULL) {
                switch (typeIdx) {
                    case ZSIDX_LONG_STANDARD:
                    case ZSIDX_LONG_DAYLIGHT:
                    case ZSIDX_LONG_GENERIC:
                    case ZSIDX_LOCATION:
                        mzstrings->getString(typeIdx, result);
                        break;
                    case ZSIDX_SHORT_STANDARD:
                    case ZSIDX_SHORT_DAYLIGHT:
                    case ZSIDX_SHORT_GENERIC:
                        if (!commonlyUsedOnly || mzstrings->isShortFormatCommonlyUsed()) {
                            mzstrings->getString(typeIdx, result);
                        }
                        break;
                }
            }
        }
    }
    return result;
}

UnicodeString&
ZoneStringFormat::getGenericString(const Calendar &cal, UBool isShort, UBool commonlyUsedOnly,
                                   UnicodeString &result, UErrorCode &status) const {
    result.remove();
    UDate time = cal.getTime(status);
    if (U_FAILURE(status)) {
        return result;
    }
    const TimeZone &tz = cal.getTimeZone();
    UnicodeString tzid;
    tz.getID(tzid);

    // ICU's own array does not have entries for aliases
    UnicodeString canonicalID;
    TimeZone::getCanonicalID(tzid, canonicalID, status);
    if (U_FAILURE(status)) {
        // Unknown ID, but users might have their own data.
        status = U_ZERO_ERROR;
        canonicalID.setTo(tzid);
    }

    ZoneStrings *zstrings = NULL;
    if (fTzidToStrings.count() > 0) {
        zstrings = (ZoneStrings*)fTzidToStrings.get(canonicalID);
        if (zstrings != NULL) {
            if (isShort) {
                if (!commonlyUsedOnly || zstrings->isShortFormatCommonlyUsed()) {
                    zstrings->getString(ZSIDX_SHORT_GENERIC, result);
                }
            } else {
                zstrings->getString(ZSIDX_LONG_GENERIC, result);
            }
        }
    }
    if (result.isEmpty() && fMzidToStrings.count() > 0) {
        // try metazone
        int32_t raw, sav;
        UnicodeString mzid;
        ZoneMeta::getMetazoneID(canonicalID, time, mzid);
        if (!mzid.isEmpty()) {
            UBool useStandard = FALSE;
            sav = cal.get(UCAL_DST_OFFSET, status);
            if (U_FAILURE(status)) {
                return result;
            }
            if (sav == 0) {
                useStandard = TRUE;
                // Check if the zone actually uses daylight saving time around the time
                TimeZone *tmptz = tz.clone();
                BasicTimeZone *btz = NULL;
                if (tmptz->getDynamicClassID() == OlsonTimeZone::getStaticClassID()
                    || tmptz->getDynamicClassID() == SimpleTimeZone::getStaticClassID()
                    || tmptz->getDynamicClassID() == RuleBasedTimeZone::getStaticClassID()
                    || tmptz->getDynamicClassID() == VTimeZone::getStaticClassID()) {
                    btz = (BasicTimeZone*)tmptz;
                }

                if (btz != NULL) {
                    TimeZoneTransition before;
                    UBool beforTrs = btz->getPreviousTransition(time, TRUE, before);
                    if (beforTrs
                            && (time - before.getTime() < kDstCheckRange)
                            && before.getFrom()->getDSTSavings() != 0) {
                        useStandard = FALSE;
                    } else {
                        TimeZoneTransition after;
                        UBool afterTrs = btz->getNextTransition(time, FALSE, after);
                        if (afterTrs
                                && (after.getTime() - time < kDstCheckRange)
                                && after.getTo()->getDSTSavings() != 0) {
                            useStandard = FALSE;
                        }
                    }
                } else {
                    // If not BasicTimeZone... only if the instance is not an ICU's implementation.
                    // We may get a wrong answer in edge case, but it should practically work OK.
                    tmptz->getOffset(time - kDstCheckRange, FALSE, raw, sav, status);
                    if (sav != 0) {
                        useStandard = FALSE;
                    } else {
                        tmptz->getOffset(time + kDstCheckRange, FALSE, raw, sav, status);
                        if (sav != 0){
                            useStandard = FALSE;
                        }
                    }
                    if (U_FAILURE(status)) {
                        delete tmptz;
                        result.remove();
                        return result;
                    }
                }
                delete tmptz;
            }
            if (useStandard) {
                getString(canonicalID, (isShort ? ZSIDX_SHORT_STANDARD : ZSIDX_LONG_STANDARD),
                    time, commonlyUsedOnly, result);

                // Note:
                // In CLDR 1.5.1, a same localization is used for both generic and standard
                // for some metazones in some locales.  This is actually data bugs and should
                // be resolved in later versions of CLDR.  For now, we check if the standard
                // name is different from its generic name below.
                if (!result.isEmpty()) {
                    UnicodeString genericNonLocation;
                    getString(canonicalID, (isShort ? ZSIDX_SHORT_GENERIC : ZSIDX_LONG_GENERIC),
                        time, commonlyUsedOnly, genericNonLocation);
                    if (!genericNonLocation.isEmpty() && result == genericNonLocation) {
                        result.remove();
                    }
                }
            }
            if (result.isEmpty()) {
                ZoneStrings *mzstrings = (ZoneStrings*)fMzidToStrings.get(mzid);
                if (mzstrings != NULL) {
                    if (isShort) {
                        if (!commonlyUsedOnly || mzstrings->isShortFormatCommonlyUsed()) {
                            mzstrings->getString(ZSIDX_SHORT_GENERIC, result);
                        }
                    } else {
                        mzstrings->getString(ZSIDX_LONG_GENERIC, result);
                    }
                }
                if (!result.isEmpty()) {
                    // Check if the offsets at the given time matches the preferred zone's offsets
                    UnicodeString preferredId;
                    UnicodeString region;
                    ZoneMeta::getZoneIdByMetazone(mzid, getRegion(region), preferredId);
                    if (canonicalID != preferredId) {
                        // Check if the offsets at the given time are identical with the preferred zone
                        raw = cal.get(UCAL_ZONE_OFFSET, status);
                        if (U_FAILURE(status)) {
                            result.remove();
                            return result;
                        }
                        TimeZone *preferredZone = TimeZone::createTimeZone(preferredId);
                        int32_t prfRaw, prfSav;
                        // Check offset in preferred time zone with wall time.
                        // With getOffset(time, false, preferredOffsets),
                        // you may get incorrect results because of time overlap at DST->STD
                        // transition.
                        preferredZone->getOffset(time + raw + sav, TRUE, prfRaw, prfSav, status);
                        delete preferredZone;

                        if (U_FAILURE(status)) {
                            result.remove();
                            return result;
                        }
                        if ((raw != prfRaw || sav != prfSav) && zstrings != NULL) {
                            // Use generic partial location string as fallback
                            zstrings->getGenericPartialLocationString(mzid, isShort, commonlyUsedOnly, result);
                        }
                    }
                }
            }
        }
    }
    if (result.isEmpty()) {
        // Use location format as the final fallback
        getString(canonicalID, ZSIDX_LOCATION, time, FALSE /*not used*/, result);
    }

    return result;
}

UnicodeString&
ZoneStringFormat::getGenericPartialLocationString(const UnicodeString &tzid, UBool isShort,
                                                  UDate date, UBool commonlyUsedOnly, UnicodeString &result) const {
    result.remove();
    if (fTzidToStrings.count() <= 0) {
        return result;
    }

    UnicodeString canonicalID;
    UErrorCode status = U_ZERO_ERROR;
    TimeZone::getCanonicalID(tzid, canonicalID, status);
    if (U_FAILURE(status)) {
        // Unknown ID, so no corresponding meta data.
        return result;
    }

    UnicodeString mzid;
    ZoneMeta::getMetazoneID(canonicalID, date, mzid);

    if (!mzid.isEmpty()) {
        ZoneStrings *zstrings = (ZoneStrings*)fTzidToStrings.get(canonicalID);
        if (zstrings != NULL) {
            zstrings->getGenericPartialLocationString(mzid, isShort, commonlyUsedOnly, result);
        }
    }
    return result;
}

const ZoneStringInfo*
ZoneStringFormat::find(const UnicodeString &text, int32_t start, int32_t types,
                       int32_t &matchLength, UErrorCode &status) const {
    matchLength = 0;
    if (U_FAILURE(status)) {
        return NULL;
    }
    if (fZoneStringsTrie.isEmpty()) {
        return NULL;
    }
    const ZoneStringInfo *result = NULL;
    const ZoneStringInfo *fallback = NULL;
    int32_t fallbackMatchLen = 0;

    ZoneStringSearchResultHandler handler(status);
    fZoneStringsTrie.search(text, start, (TextTrieMapSearchResultHandler*)&handler, status);
    if (U_SUCCESS(status)) {
        int32_t numMatches = handler.countMatches();
        for (int32_t i = 0; i < numMatches; i++) {
            int32_t tmpMatchLen;
            const ZoneStringInfo *tmp = handler.getMatch(i, tmpMatchLen);
            if ((types & tmp->fType) != 0) {
                if (result == NULL || matchLength < tmpMatchLen) {
                    result = tmp;
                    matchLength = tmpMatchLen;
                } else if (matchLength == tmpMatchLen) {
                    // Tie breaker - there are some examples that a
                    // long standard name is identical with a location
                    // name - for example, "Uruguay Time".  In this case,
                    // we interpret it as generic, not specific.
                    if (tmp->isGeneric() && !result->isGeneric()) {
                        result = tmp;
                    }
                }
            } else if (result == NULL) {
                if (fallback == NULL || fallbackMatchLen < tmpMatchLen) {
                    fallback = tmp;
                    fallbackMatchLen = tmpMatchLen;
                } else if (fallbackMatchLen == tmpMatchLen) {
                    if (tmp->isGeneric() && !fallback->isGeneric()) {
                        fallback = tmp;
                    }
                }
            }
        }
        if (result == NULL && fallback != NULL) {
            result = fallback;
            matchLength = fallbackMatchLen;
        }
    }
    return result;
}


UnicodeString&
ZoneStringFormat::getRegion(UnicodeString &region) const {
    const char* country = fLocale.getCountry();
    // TODO: Utilize addLikelySubtag in Locale to resolve default region
    // when the implementation is ready.
    region.setTo(UnicodeString(country, -1, US_INV));
    return region;
}

MessageFormat*
ZoneStringFormat::getFallbackFormat(const Locale &locale, UErrorCode &status) {
    if (U_FAILURE(status)) {
        return NULL;
    }
    UnicodeString pattern(TRUE, gDefFallbackPattern, -1);
    UResourceBundle *zoneStringsArray = ures_open(NULL, locale.getName(), &status);
    zoneStringsArray = ures_getByKeyWithFallback(zoneStringsArray, gZoneStringsTag, zoneStringsArray, &status);
    int32_t len;
    const UChar *flbkfmt = ures_getStringByKeyWithFallback(zoneStringsArray, gFallbackFormatTag, &len, &status);
    if (U_SUCCESS(status)) {
        pattern.setTo(flbkfmt);
    } else {
        status = U_ZERO_ERROR;
    }
    ures_close(zoneStringsArray);

    MessageFormat *fallbackFmt = new MessageFormat(pattern, status);
    return fallbackFmt;
}

MessageFormat*
ZoneStringFormat::getRegionFormat(const Locale& locale, UErrorCode &status) {
    if (U_FAILURE(status)) {
        return NULL;
    }
    UnicodeString pattern(TRUE, gDefRegionPattern, -1);
    UResourceBundle *zoneStringsArray = ures_open(NULL, locale.getName(), &status);
    zoneStringsArray = ures_getByKeyWithFallback(zoneStringsArray, gZoneStringsTag, zoneStringsArray, &status);
    int32_t len;
    const UChar *regionfmt = ures_getStringByKeyWithFallback(zoneStringsArray, gRegionFormatTag, &len, &status);
    if (U_SUCCESS(status)) {
        pattern.setTo(regionfmt);
    } else {
        status = U_ZERO_ERROR;
    }
    ures_close(zoneStringsArray);

    MessageFormat *regionFmt = new MessageFormat(pattern, status);
    return regionFmt;
}

const UChar*
ZoneStringFormat::getZoneStringFromBundle(const UResourceBundle *zoneitem, const char *key) {
    const UChar *str = NULL;
    if (zoneitem != NULL) {
        UErrorCode status = U_ZERO_ERROR;
        int32_t len;
        str = ures_getStringByKeyWithFallback(zoneitem, key, &len, &status);
        if (U_FAILURE(status)) {
            str = NULL;
        }
    }
    return str;
}

UBool
ZoneStringFormat::isCommonlyUsed(const UResourceBundle *zoneitem) {
    if (zoneitem == NULL) {
        return TRUE;
    }

    UBool commonlyUsed = FALSE;
    UErrorCode status = U_ZERO_ERROR;
    UResourceBundle *cuRes = ures_getByKey(zoneitem, gCommonlyUsedTag, NULL, &status);
    int32_t cuValue = ures_getInt(cuRes, &status);
    if (U_SUCCESS(status)) {
        if (cuValue == 1) {
            commonlyUsed = TRUE;
        }
    }
    ures_close(cuRes);
    return commonlyUsed;
}

UnicodeString&
ZoneStringFormat::getLocalizedCountry(const UnicodeString &countryCode, const Locale &locale, UnicodeString &displayCountry) {
    // We do not want to use display country names only from the target language bundle
    // Note: we should do this in better way.
    displayCountry.remove();
    int32_t ccLen = countryCode.length();
    if (ccLen > 0 && ccLen < ULOC_COUNTRY_CAPACITY) {
        UErrorCode status = U_ZERO_ERROR;
        UResourceBundle *localeBundle = ures_open(NULL, locale.getName(), &status);
        if (U_SUCCESS(status)) {
            const char *bundleLocStr = ures_getLocale(localeBundle, &status);
            if (U_SUCCESS(status) && uprv_strlen(bundleLocStr) > 0) {
                Locale bundleLoc(bundleLocStr);
                if (uprv_strcmp(bundleLocStr, "root") != 0 && uprv_strcmp(bundleLoc.getLanguage(), locale.getLanguage()) == 0) {
                    // Create a fake locale strings
                    char tmpLocStr[ULOC_COUNTRY_CAPACITY + 3];
                    uprv_strcpy(tmpLocStr, "xx_");
                    u_UCharsToChars(countryCode.getBuffer(), &tmpLocStr[3], ccLen);
                    tmpLocStr[3 + ccLen] = 0;

                    Locale tmpLoc(tmpLocStr);
                    tmpLoc.getDisplayCountry(locale, displayCountry);
                }
            }
        }
        ures_close(localeBundle);
    }
    if (displayCountry.isEmpty()) {
        // Use the country code as the fallback
        displayCountry.setTo(countryCode);
    }
    return displayCountry;
}

// ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
/*
 * This constructor adopts the input UnicodeString arrays.
 */
ZoneStrings::ZoneStrings(UnicodeString *strings, int32_t stringsCount, UBool commonlyUsed,
       UnicodeString **genericPartialLocationStrings, int32_t genericRowCount, int32_t genericColCount)
: fStrings(strings), fStringsCount(stringsCount), fIsCommonlyUsed(commonlyUsed),
  fGenericPartialLocationStrings(genericPartialLocationStrings), 
  fGenericPartialLocationRowCount(genericRowCount), fGenericPartialLocationColCount(genericColCount) {
}

ZoneStrings::~ZoneStrings() {
    if (fStrings != NULL) {
        delete[] fStrings;
    }
    if (fGenericPartialLocationStrings != NULL) {
        for (int32_t i = 0; i < fGenericPartialLocationRowCount; i++) {
            delete[] fGenericPartialLocationStrings[i];
        }
        uprv_free(fGenericPartialLocationStrings);
    }
}


UnicodeString&
ZoneStrings::getString(int32_t typeIdx, UnicodeString &result) const {
    if (typeIdx >= 0 && typeIdx < fStringsCount) {
        result.setTo(fStrings[typeIdx]);
    } else {
        result.remove();
    }
    return result;
}

UnicodeString&
ZoneStrings::getGenericPartialLocationString(const UnicodeString &mzid, UBool isShort,
                                        UBool commonlyUsedOnly, UnicodeString &result) const {
    UBool isSet = FALSE;
    if (fGenericPartialLocationColCount >= 2) {
        for (int32_t i = 0; i < fGenericPartialLocationRowCount; i++) {
            if (fGenericPartialLocationStrings[i][0] == mzid) {
                if (isShort) {
                    if (fGenericPartialLocationColCount >= 3) {
                        if (!commonlyUsedOnly || 
                            fGenericPartialLocationColCount == 3 || fGenericPartialLocationStrings[i][3].length() != 0) {
                            result.setTo(fGenericPartialLocationStrings[i][2]);
                            isSet = TRUE;
                        }
                    }
                } else {
                    result.setTo(fGenericPartialLocationStrings[i][1]);
                    isSet = TRUE;
                }
                break;
            }
        }
    }
    if (!isSet) {
        result.remove();
    }
    return result;
}

// --------------------------------------------------------------
SafeZoneStringFormatPtr::SafeZoneStringFormatPtr(ZSFCacheEntry *cacheEntry)
: fCacheEntry(cacheEntry) {
}

SafeZoneStringFormatPtr::~SafeZoneStringFormatPtr() {
    fCacheEntry->delRef();
}

const ZoneStringFormat*
SafeZoneStringFormatPtr::get() const {
    return fCacheEntry->getZoneStringFormat();
}

ZSFCacheEntry::ZSFCacheEntry(const Locale &locale, ZoneStringFormat *zsf, ZSFCacheEntry *next)
: fLocale(locale), fZoneStringFormat(zsf),
 fNext(next), fRefCount(1)
{
}

ZSFCacheEntry::~ZSFCacheEntry () {
    delete fZoneStringFormat;
}

const ZoneStringFormat*
ZSFCacheEntry::getZoneStringFormat(void) {
    return (const ZoneStringFormat*)fZoneStringFormat;
}

void
ZSFCacheEntry::delRef(void) {
    umtx_lock(&gZSFCacheLock);
    --fRefCount;
    umtx_unlock(&gZSFCacheLock);
}

ZSFCache::ZSFCache(int32_t capacity)
: fCapacity(capacity), fFirst(NULL) {
}

ZSFCache::~ZSFCache() {
    ZSFCacheEntry *entry = fFirst;
    while (entry) {
        ZSFCacheEntry *next = entry->fNext;
        delete entry;
        entry = next;
    }
}

SafeZoneStringFormatPtr*
ZSFCache::get(const Locale &locale, UErrorCode &status) {
    SafeZoneStringFormatPtr *result = NULL;

    // Search the cache entry list
    ZSFCacheEntry *entry = NULL;
    ZSFCacheEntry *next, *prev;

    umtx_lock(&gZSFCacheLock);
    entry = fFirst;
    prev = NULL;
    while (entry) {
        next = entry->fNext;
        if (entry->fLocale == locale) {
            // Add reference count
            entry->fRefCount++;

            // move the entry to the top
            if (entry != fFirst) {
                prev->fNext = next;
                entry->fNext = fFirst;
                fFirst = entry;
            }
            break;
        }
        prev = entry;
        entry = next;
    }
    umtx_unlock(&gZSFCacheLock);

    // Create a new ZoneStringFormat
    if (entry == NULL) {
        ZoneStringFormat *zsf = new ZoneStringFormat(locale, status);
        if (U_FAILURE(status)) {
            delete zsf;
            return NULL;
        }
        if (zsf == NULL) {
            status = U_MEMORY_ALLOCATION_ERROR;
            return NULL;
        }
        // Now add the new entry
        umtx_lock(&gZSFCacheLock);
        // Make sure no other threads already created the one for the same locale
        entry = fFirst;
        prev = NULL;
        while (entry) {
            next = entry->fNext;
            if (entry->fLocale == locale) {
                // Add reference count
                entry->fRefCount++;

                // move the entry to the top
                if (entry != fFirst) {
                    prev->fNext = next;
                    entry->fNext = fFirst;
                    fFirst = entry;
                }
                break;
            }
            prev = entry;
            entry = next;
        }
        if (entry == NULL) {
            // Add the new one to the top
            next = fFirst;
            entry = new ZSFCacheEntry(locale, zsf, next);
            fFirst = entry;
        } else {
            delete zsf;
        }
        umtx_unlock(&gZSFCacheLock);
    }

    result = new SafeZoneStringFormatPtr(entry);

    // Now, delete unused cache entries beyond the capacity
    umtx_lock(&gZSFCacheLock);
    entry = fFirst;
    prev = NULL;
    int32_t idx = 1;
    while (entry) {
        next = entry->fNext;
        if (idx >= fCapacity && entry->fRefCount == 0) {
            if (entry == fFirst) {
                fFirst = next;
            } else {
                prev->fNext = next;
            }
            delete entry;
        } else {
            prev = entry;
        }
        entry = next;
        idx++;
    }
    umtx_unlock(&gZSFCacheLock);

    return result;
}

U_NAMESPACE_END

#endif /* #if !UCONFIG_NO_FORMATTING */