* Line boundary analysis determines where a text string can be broken * when line-wrapping. The mechanism correctly handles punctuation and * hyphenated words. *
* Sentence boundary analysis allows selection with correct * interpretation of periods within numbers and abbreviations, and * trailing punctuation marks such as quotation marks and parentheses. *
* Word boundary analysis is used by search and replace functions, as * well as within text editing applications that allow the user to * select words with a double click. Word selection provides correct * interpretation of punctuation marks within and following * words. Characters that are not part of a word, such as symbols or * punctuation marks, have word-breaks on both sides. *
* Character boundary analysis allows users to interact with * characters as they expect to, for example, when moving the cursor * through a text string. Character boundary analysis provides correct * navigation of through character strings, regardless of how the * character is stored. For example, an accented character might be * stored as a base character and a diacritical mark. What users * consider to be a character can differ between languages. *
* This is the interface for all text boundaries. *
* Examples: *
* Helper function to output text *
* \code
* void printTextRange( BreakIterator& iterator, int32_t start, int32_t end )
* {
* UnicodeString textBuffer, temp;
* CharacterIterator *strIter = iterator.createText();
* strIter->getText(temp);
* cout << " " << start << " " << end << " |"
* << temp.extractBetween(start, end, textBuffer)
* << "|" << endl;
* delete strIter;
* }
* \endcode
*
* Print each element in order:
*
* \code
* void printEachForward( BreakIterator& boundary)
* {
* int32_t start = boundary.first();
* for (int32_t end = boundary.next();
* end != BreakIterator::DONE;
* start = end, end = boundary.next())
* {
* printTextRange( boundary, start, end );
* }
* }
* \endcode
*
* Print each element in reverse order:
*
* \code
* void printEachBackward( BreakIterator& boundary)
* {
* int32_t end = boundary.last();
* for (int32_t start = boundary.previous();
* start != BreakIterator::DONE;
* end = start, start = boundary.previous())
* {
* printTextRange( boundary, start, end );
* }
* }
* \endcode
*
* Print first element
*
* \code
* void printFirst(BreakIterator& boundary)
* {
* int32_t start = boundary.first();
* int32_t end = boundary.next();
* printTextRange( boundary, start, end );
* }
* \endcode
*
* Print last element
*
* \code
* void printLast(BreakIterator& boundary)
* {
* int32_t end = boundary.last();
* int32_t start = boundary.previous();
* printTextRange( boundary, start, end );
* }
* \endcode
*
* Print the element at a specified position
*
* \code
* void printAt(BreakIterator &boundary, int32_t pos )
* {
* int32_t end = boundary.following(pos);
* int32_t start = boundary.previous();
* printTextRange( boundary, start, end );
* }
* \endcode
*
* Creating and using text boundaries
*
* \code
* void BreakIterator_Example( void )
* {
* BreakIterator* boundary;
* UnicodeString stringToExamine("Aaa bbb ccc. Ddd eee fff.");
* cout << "Examining: " << stringToExamine << endl;
*
* //print each sentence in forward and reverse order
* boundary = BreakIterator::createSentenceInstance( Locale::US );
* boundary->setText(stringToExamine);
* cout << "----- forward: -----------" << endl;
* printEachForward(*boundary);
* cout << "----- backward: ----------" << endl;
* printEachBackward(*boundary);
* delete boundary;
*
* //print each word in order
* boundary = BreakIterator::createWordInstance();
* boundary->setText(stringToExamine);
* cout << "----- forward: -----------" << endl;
* printEachForward(*boundary);
* //print first element
* cout << "----- first: -------------" << endl;
* printFirst(*boundary);
* //print last element
* cout << "----- last: --------------" << endl;
* printLast(*boundary);
* //print word at charpos 10
* cout << "----- at pos 10: ---------" << endl;
* printAt(*boundary, 10 );
*
* delete boundary;
* }
* \endcode
*
*/
class U_COMMON_API BreakIterator : public UObject {
public:
/**
* destructor
* @stable ICU 2.0
*/
virtual ~BreakIterator();
/**
* Return true if another object is semantically equal to this
* one. The other object should be an instance of the same subclass of
* BreakIterator. Objects of different subclasses are considered
* unequal.
* * Return true if this BreakIterator is at the same position in the * same text, and is the same class and type (word, line, etc.) of * BreakIterator, as the argument. Text is considered the same if * it contains the same characters, it need not be the same * object, and styles are not considered. * @stable ICU 2.0 */ virtual UBool operator==(const BreakIterator&) const = 0; /** * Returns the complement of the result of operator== * @param rhs The BreakIterator to be compared for inequality * @return the complement of the result of operator== * @stable ICU 2.0 */ UBool operator!=(const BreakIterator& rhs) const { return !operator==(rhs); } /** * Return a polymorphic copy of this object. This is an abstract * method which subclasses implement. * @stable ICU 2.0 */ virtual BreakIterator* clone(void) const = 0; /** * Return a polymorphic class ID for this object. Different subclasses * will return distinct unequal values. * @stable ICU 2.0 */ virtual UClassID getDynamicClassID(void) const = 0; /** * Return a CharacterIterator over the text being analyzed. * Changing the state of the returned iterator can have undefined consequences * on the operation of the break iterator. If you need to change it, clone it first. * @stable ICU 2.0 */ virtual const CharacterIterator& getText(void) const = 0; /** * Change the text over which this operates. The text boundary is * reset to the start. * @param text The UnicodeString used to change the text. * @stable ICU 2.0 */ virtual void setText(const UnicodeString &text) = 0; /** * Change the text over which this operates. The text boundary is * reset to the start. * @param it The CharacterIterator used to change the text. * @stable ICU 2.0 */ virtual void adoptText(CharacterIterator* it) = 0; /** * DONE is returned by previous() and next() after all valid * boundaries have been returned. * @stable ICU 2.0 */ #ifdef U_CYGWIN static U_COMMON_API const int32_t DONE; #else static const int32_t DONE; #endif /** * Return the index of the first character in the text being scanned. * @stable ICU 2.0 */ virtual int32_t first(void) = 0; /** * Return the index immediately BEYOND the last character in the text being scanned. * @stable ICU 2.0 */ virtual int32_t last(void) = 0; /** * Return the boundary preceding the current boundary. * @return The character index of the previous text boundary or DONE if all * boundaries have been returned. * @stable ICU 2.0 */ virtual int32_t previous(void) = 0; /** * Return the boundary following the current boundary. * @return The character index of the next text boundary or DONE if all * boundaries have been returned. * @stable ICU 2.0 */ virtual int32_t next(void) = 0; /** * Return character index of the current interator position within the text. * @return The boundary most recently returned. * @stable ICU 2.0 */ virtual int32_t current(void) const = 0; /** * Return the first boundary following the specified offset. * The value returned is always greater than the offset or * the value BreakIterator.DONE * @param offset the offset to begin scanning. * @return The first boundary after the specified offset. * @stable ICU 2.0 */ virtual int32_t following(int32_t offset) = 0; /** * Return the first boundary preceding the specified offset. * The value returned is always smaller than the offset or * the value BreakIterator.DONE * @param offset the offset to begin scanning. * @return The first boundary before the specified offset. * @stable ICU 2.0 */ virtual int32_t preceding(int32_t offset) = 0; /** * Return true if the specfied position is a boundary position. * As a side effect, the current position of the iterator is set * to the first boundary position at or following the specified offset. * @param offset the offset to check. * @return True if "offset" is a boundary position. * @stable ICU 2.0 */ virtual UBool isBoundary(int32_t offset) = 0; /** * Return the nth boundary from the current boundary * @param n which boundary to return. A value of 0 * does nothing. Negative values move to previous boundaries * and positive values move to later boundaries. * @return The index of the nth boundary from the current position, or * DONE if there are fewer than |n| boundaries in the specfied direction. * @stable ICU 2.0 */ virtual int32_t next(int32_t n) = 0; /** * Create BreakIterator for word-breaks using the given locale. * Returns an instance of a BreakIterator implementing word breaks. * WordBreak is useful for word selection (ex. double click) * @param where the locale. * @param status the error code * @return A BreakIterator for word-breaks. The UErrorCode& status * parameter is used to return status information to the user. * To check whether the construction succeeded or not, you should check * the value of U_SUCCESS(err). If you wish more detailed information, you * can check for informational error results which still indicate success. * U_USING_FALLBACK_WARNING indicates that a fall back locale was used. For * example, 'de_CH' was requested, but nothing was found there, so 'de' was * used. U_USING_DEFAULT_WARNING indicates that the default locale data was * used; neither the requested locale nor any of its fall back locales * could be found. * The caller owns the returned object and is responsible for deleting it. * @stable ICU 2.0 */ static BreakIterator* U_EXPORT2 createWordInstance(const Locale& where, UErrorCode& status); /** * Create BreakIterator for line-breaks using specified locale. * Returns an instance of a BreakIterator implementing line breaks. Line * breaks are logically possible line breaks, actual line breaks are * usually determined based on display width. * LineBreak is useful for word wrapping text. * @param where the locale. * @param status The error code. * @return A BreakIterator for line-breaks. The UErrorCode& status * parameter is used to return status information to the user. * To check whether the construction succeeded or not, you should check * the value of U_SUCCESS(err). If you wish more detailed information, you * can check for informational error results which still indicate success. * U_USING_FALLBACK_WARNING indicates that a fall back locale was used. For * example, 'de_CH' was requested, but nothing was found there, so 'de' was * used. U_USING_DEFAULT_WARNING indicates that the default locale data was * used; neither the requested locale nor any of its fall back locales * could be found. * The caller owns the returned object and is responsible for deleting it. * @stable ICU 2.0 */ static BreakIterator* U_EXPORT2 createLineInstance(const Locale& where, UErrorCode& status); /** * Create BreakIterator for character-breaks using specified locale * Returns an instance of a BreakIterator implementing character breaks. * Character breaks are boundaries of combining character sequences. * @param where the locale. * @param status The error code. * @return A BreakIterator for character-breaks. The UErrorCode& status * parameter is used to return status information to the user. * To check whether the construction succeeded or not, you should check * the value of U_SUCCESS(err). If you wish more detailed information, you * can check for informational error results which still indicate success. * U_USING_FALLBACK_WARNING indicates that a fall back locale was used. For * example, 'de_CH' was requested, but nothing was found there, so 'de' was * used. U_USING_DEFAULT_WARNING indicates that the default locale data was * used; neither the requested locale nor any of its fall back locales * could be found. * The caller owns the returned object and is responsible for deleting it. * @stable ICU 2.0 */ static BreakIterator* U_EXPORT2 createCharacterInstance(const Locale& where, UErrorCode& status); /** * Create BreakIterator for sentence-breaks using specified locale * Returns an instance of a BreakIterator implementing sentence breaks. * @param where the locale. * @param status The error code. * @return A BreakIterator for sentence-breaks. The UErrorCode& status * parameter is used to return status information to the user. * To check whether the construction succeeded or not, you should check * the value of U_SUCCESS(err). If you wish more detailed information, you * can check for informational error results which still indicate success. * U_USING_FALLBACK_WARNING indicates that a fall back locale was used. For * example, 'de_CH' was requested, but nothing was found there, so 'de' was * used. U_USING_DEFAULT_WARNING indicates that the default locale data was * used; neither the requested locale nor any of its fall back locales * could be found. * The caller owns the returned object and is responsible for deleting it. * @stable ICU 2.0 */ static BreakIterator* U_EXPORT2 createSentenceInstance(const Locale& where, UErrorCode& status); /** * Create BreakIterator for title-casing breaks using the specified locale * Returns an instance of a BreakIterator implementing title breaks. * The iterator returned locates title boundaries as described for * Unicode 3.2 only. For Unicode 4.0 and above title boundary iteration, * please use Word Boundary iterator.{@link #createWordInstance } * * @param where the locale. * @param status The error code. * @return A BreakIterator for title-breaks. The UErrorCode& status * parameter is used to return status information to the user. * To check whether the construction succeeded or not, you should check * the value of U_SUCCESS(err). If you wish more detailed information, you * can check for informational error results which still indicate success. * U_USING_FALLBACK_WARNING indicates that a fall back locale was used. For * example, 'de_CH' was requested, but nothing was found there, so 'de' was * used. U_USING_DEFAULT_WARNING indicates that the default locale data was * used; neither the requested locale nor any of its fall back locales * could be found. * The caller owns the returned object and is responsible for deleting it. * @stable ICU 2.1 */ static BreakIterator* U_EXPORT2 createTitleInstance(const Locale& where, UErrorCode& status); /** * Get the set of Locales for which TextBoundaries are installed. *
Note: this will not return locales added through the register * call. To see the registered locales too, use the getAvailableLocales * function that returns a StringEnumeration object
* @param count the output parameter of number of elements in the locale list * @return available locales * @stable ICU 2.0 */ static const Locale* U_EXPORT2 getAvailableLocales(int32_t& count); /** * Get name of the object for the desired Locale, in the desired langauge. * @param objectLocale must be from getAvailableLocales. * @param displayLocale specifies the desired locale for output. * @param name the fill-in parameter of the return value * Uses best match. * @return user-displayable name * @stable ICU 2.0 */ static UnicodeString& U_EXPORT2 getDisplayName(const Locale& objectLocale, const Locale& displayLocale, UnicodeString& name); /** * Get name of the object for the desired Locale, in the langauge of the * default locale. * @param objectLocale must be from getMatchingLocales * @param name the fill-in parameter of the return value * @return user-displayable name * @stable ICU 2.0 */ static UnicodeString& U_EXPORT2 getDisplayName(const Locale& objectLocale, UnicodeString& name); /** * Thread safe client-buffer-based cloning operation * Do NOT call delete on a safeclone, since 'new' is not used to create it. * @param stackBuffer user allocated space for the new clone. If NULL new memory will be allocated. * If buffer is not large enough, new memory will be allocated. * @param BufferSize reference to size of allocated space. * If BufferSize == 0, a sufficient size for use in cloning will * be returned ('pre-flighting') * If BufferSize is not enough for a stack-based safe clone, * new memory will be allocated. * @param status to indicate whether the operation went on smoothly or there were errors * An informational status value, U_SAFECLONE_ALLOCATED_ERROR, is used if any allocations were * necessary. * @return pointer to the new clone * * @stable ICU 2.0 */ virtual BreakIterator * createBufferClone(void *stackBuffer, int32_t &BufferSize, UErrorCode &status) = 0; /** * Determine whether the BreakIterator was created in user memory by * createBufferClone(), and thus should not be deleted. Such objects * must be closed by an explicit call to the destructor (not delete). * @stable ICU 2.0 */ inline UBool isBufferClone(void); #if !UCONFIG_NO_SERVICE /** * Register a new break iterator of the indicated kind, to use in the given locale. * The break iterator will be adopted. Clones of the iterator will be returned * if a request for a break iterator of the given kind matches or falls back to * this locale. * @param toAdopt the BreakIterator instance to be adopted * @param locale the Locale for which this instance is to be registered * @param kind the type of iterator for which this instance is to be registered * @param status the in/out status code, no special meanings are assigned * @return a registry key that can be used to unregister this instance * @stable ICU 2.4 */ static URegistryKey U_EXPORT2 registerInstance(BreakIterator* toAdopt, const Locale& locale, UBreakIteratorType kind, UErrorCode& status); /** * Unregister a previously-registered BreakIterator using the key returned from the * register call. Key becomes invalid after a successful call and should not be used again. * The BreakIterator corresponding to the key will be deleted. * @param key the registry key returned by a previous call to registerInstance * @param status the in/out status code, no special meanings are assigned * @return TRUE if the iterator for the key was successfully unregistered * @stable ICU 2.4 */ static UBool U_EXPORT2 unregister(URegistryKey key, UErrorCode& status); /** * Return a StringEnumeration over the locales available at the time of the call, * including registered locales. * @return a StringEnumeration over the locales available at the time of the call * @stable ICU 2.4 */ static StringEnumeration* U_EXPORT2 getAvailableLocales(void); #endif /** * Returns the locale for this break iterator. Two flavors are available: valid and * actual locale. * @draft ICU 2.8 likely to change in ICU 3.0, based on feedback */ Locale getLocale(ULocDataLocaleType type, UErrorCode& status) const; /** Get the locale for this break iterator object. You can choose between valid and actual locale. * @param type type of the locale we're looking for (valid or actual) * @param status error code for the operation * @return the locale * @internal */ const char *getLocaleID(ULocDataLocaleType type, UErrorCode& status) const; private: static BreakIterator* buildInstance(const Locale& loc, const char *type, UBool dict, UErrorCode& status); static BreakIterator* createInstance(const Locale& loc, UBreakIteratorType kind, UErrorCode& status); static BreakIterator* makeInstance(const Locale& loc, int32_t kind, UErrorCode& status); friend class ICUBreakIteratorFactory; friend class ICUBreakIteratorService; protected: /** @internal */ BreakIterator(); /** @internal */ UBool fBufferClone; /** @internal */ BreakIterator (const BreakIterator &other) : UObject(other), fBufferClone(FALSE) {} private: /** @internal */ char actualLocale[ULOC_FULLNAME_CAPACITY]; char validLocale[ULOC_FULLNAME_CAPACITY]; /** * The assignment operator has no real implementation. * It's provided to make the compiler happy. Do not call. */ BreakIterator& operator=(const BreakIterator&) { return *this; } }; inline UBool BreakIterator::isBufferClone() { return fBufferClone; } U_NAMESPACE_END #endif /* #if !UCONFIG_NO_BREAK_ITERATION */ #endif // _BRKITER //eof