* Clients are encouraged to create a date-time formatter using DateFormat::getInstance(), * getDateInstance(), getDateInstance(), or getDateTimeInstance() rather than * explicitly constructing an instance of SimpleDateFormat. This way, the client * is guaranteed to get an appropriate formatting pattern for whatever locale the * program is running in. However, if the client needs something more unusual than * the default patterns in the locales, he can construct a SimpleDateFormat directly * and give it an appropriate pattern (or use one of the factory methods on DateFormat * and modify the pattern after the fact with toPattern() and applyPattern(). *
* Date/Time format syntax: *
* The date/time format is specified by means of a string time pattern. In this * pattern, all ASCII letters are reserved as pattern letters, which are defined * as the following: *
* . Symbol Meaning Presentation Example * . ------ ------- ------------ ------- * . G era designator (Text) AD * . y year (Number) 1996 * . Y year/week of year (Number) 1996 * . M month in year (Text & Number) July & 07 * . d day in month (Number) 10 * . h hour in am/pm (1~12) (Number) 12 * . H hour in day (0~23) (Number) 0 * . m minute in hour (Number) 30 * . s second in minute (Number) 55 * . S millisecond (Number) 978 * . E day of week (Text) Tuesday * . e day of week/local (1~7) (Number) 2 * . D day of year (Number) 189 * . F day of week in month (Number) 2 (2nd Wed in July) * . w week in year (Number) 27 * . W week in month (Number) 2 * . a am/pm marker (Text) PM * . k hour in day (1~24) (Number) 24 * . K hour in am/pm (0~11) (Number) 0 * . z time zone (Text) Pacific Standard Time * . ' escape for text * . '' single quote ' ** The count of pattern letters determine the format. *
* (Text): 4 or more, use full form, <4, use short or abbreviated form if it * exists. (e.g., "EEEE" produces "Monday", "EEE" produces "Mon") *
* (Number): the minimum number of digits. Shorter numbers are zero-padded to * this amount (e.g. if "m" produces "6", "mm" produces "06"). Year is handled * specially; that is, if the count of 'y' is 2, the Year will be truncated to 2 digits. * (e.g., if "yyyy" produces "1997", "yy" produces "97".) *
* (Text & Number): 3 or over, use text, otherwise use number. (e.g., "M" produces "1", * "MM" produces "01", "MMM" produces "Jan", and "MMMM" produces "January".) *
* Any characters in the pattern that are not in the ranges of ['a'..'z'] and * ['A'..'Z'] will be treated as quoted text. For instance, characters * like ':', '.', ' ', '#' and '@' will appear in the resulting time text * even they are not embraced within single quotes. *
* A pattern containing any invalid pattern letter will result in a failing * UErrorCode result during formatting or parsing. *
* Examples using the US locale: *
* . Format Pattern Result * . -------------- ------- * . "yyyy.MM.dd G 'at' HH:mm:ss z" ->> 1996.07.10 AD at 15:08:56 PDT * . "EEE, MMM d, ''yy" ->> Wed, July 10, '96 * . "h:mm a" ->> 12:08 PM * . "hh 'o''clock' a, zzzz" ->> 12 o'clock PM, Pacific Daylight Time * . "K:mm a, z" ->> 0:00 PM, PST * . "yyyyy.MMMMM.dd GGG hh:mm aaa" ->> 1996.July.10 AD 12:08 PM ** Code Sample: *
* . UErrorCode success = U_ZERO_ERROR;
* . SimpleTimeZone* pdt = new SimpleTimeZone(-8 * 60 * 60 * 1000, "PST");
* . pdt->setStartRule( Calendar::APRIL, 1, Calendar::SUNDAY, 2*60*60*1000);
* . pdt->setEndRule( Calendar::OCTOBER, -1, Calendar::SUNDAY, 2*60*60*1000);
* .
* . // Format the current time.
* . SimpleDateFormat* formatter
* . = new SimpleDateFormat ("yyyy.MM.dd G 'at' hh:mm:ss a zzz", success );
* . GregorianCalendar cal(success);
* . UDate currentTime_1 = cal.getTime(success);
* . FieldPosition fp(0);
* . UnicodeString dateString;
* . formatter->format( currentTime_1, dateString, fp );
* . cout << "result: " << dateString << endl;
* .
* . // Parse the previous string back into a Date.
* . ParsePosition pp(0);
* . UDate currentTime_2 = formatter->parse(dateString, pp );
*
* In the above example, the time value "currentTime_2" obtained from parsing
* will be equal to currentTime_1. However, they may not be equal if the am/pm
* marker 'a' is left out from the format pattern while the "hour in am/pm"
* pattern symbol is used. This information loss can happen when formatting the
* time in PM.
*
*
* When parsing a date string using the abbreviated year pattern ("y" or "yy"),
* SimpleDateFormat must interpret the abbreviated year
* relative to some century. It does this by adjusting dates to be
* within 80 years before and 20 years after the time the SimpleDateFormat
* instance is created. For example, using a pattern of "MM/dd/yy" and a
* SimpleDateFormat instance created on Jan 1, 1997, the string
* "01/11/12" would be interpreted as Jan 11, 2012 while the string "05/04/64"
* would be interpreted as May 4, 1964.
* During parsing, only strings consisting of exactly two digits, as defined by
* Unicode::isDigit(), will be parsed into the default century.
* Any other numeric string, such as a one digit string, a three or more digit
* string, or a two digit string that isn't all digits (for example, "-1"), is
* interpreted literally. So "01/02/3" or "01/02/003" are parsed, using the
* same pattern, as Jan 2, 3 AD. Likewise, "01/02/-3" is parsed as Jan 2, 4 BC.
*
*
* If the year pattern has more than two 'y' characters, the year is * interpreted literally, regardless of the number of digits. So using the * pattern "MM/dd/yyyy", "01/11/12" parses to Jan 11, 12 A.D. * *
* For time zones that have no names, SimpleDateFormat uses strings GMT+hours:minutes or * GMT-hours:minutes. *
* The calendar defines what is the first day of the week, the first week of the * year, whether hours are zero based or not (0 vs 12 or 24), and the timezone. * There is one common number format to handle all the numbers; the digit count * is handled programmatically according to the pattern. */ class U_I18N_API SimpleDateFormat: public DateFormat { public: /** * Construct a SimpleDateFormat using the default pattern for the default * locale. *
* [Note:] Not all locales support SimpleDateFormat; for full generality, * use the factory methods in the DateFormat class. * @stable */ SimpleDateFormat(UErrorCode& status); /** * Construct a SimpleDateFormat using the given pattern and the default locale. * The locale is used to obtain the symbols used in formatting (e.g., the * names of the months), but not to provide the pattern. *
* [Note:] Not all locales support SimpleDateFormat; for full generality, * use the factory methods in the DateFormat class. * @stable */ SimpleDateFormat(const UnicodeString& pattern, UErrorCode& status); /** * Construct a SimpleDateFormat using the given pattern and locale. * The locale is used to obtain the symbols used in formatting (e.g., the * names of the months), but not to provide the pattern. *
* [Note:] Not all locales support SimpleDateFormat; for full generality, * use the factory methods in the DateFormat class. * @stable */ SimpleDateFormat(const UnicodeString& pattern, const Locale& locale, UErrorCode& status); /** * Construct a SimpleDateFormat using the given pattern and locale-specific * symbol data. The formatter takes ownership of the DateFormatSymbols object; * the caller is no longer responsible for deleting it. * @stable */ SimpleDateFormat(const UnicodeString& pattern, DateFormatSymbols* formatDataToAdopt, UErrorCode& status); /** * Construct a SimpleDateFormat using the given pattern and locale-specific * symbol data. The DateFormatSymbols object is NOT adopted; the caller * remains responsible for deleting it. * @stable */ SimpleDateFormat(const UnicodeString& pattern, const DateFormatSymbols& formatData, UErrorCode& status); /** * Copy constructor. * @stable */ SimpleDateFormat(const SimpleDateFormat&); /** * Assignment operator. * @stable */ SimpleDateFormat& operator=(const SimpleDateFormat&); /** * Destructor. * @stable */ virtual ~SimpleDateFormat(); /** * Clone this Format object polymorphically. The caller owns the result and * should delete it when done. * @stable */ virtual Format* clone(void) const; /** * Return true if the given Format objects are semantically equal. Objects * of different subclasses are considered unequal. * @stable */ virtual UBool operator==(const Format& other) const; /** * Format a date or time, which is the standard millis since 24:00 GMT, Jan * 1, 1970. Overrides DateFormat pure virtual method. *
* Example: using the US locale: "yyyy.MM.dd e 'at' HH:mm:ss zzz" ->> * 1996.07.10 AD at 15:08:56 PDT * * @param date The date-time value to be formatted into a date-time string. * @param toAppendTo The result of the formatting operation is appended to this * string. * @param pos The formatting position. On input: an alignment field, * if desired. On output: the offsets of the alignment field. * @return A reference to 'toAppendTo'. * @stable */ virtual UnicodeString& format( UDate date, UnicodeString& toAppendTo, FieldPosition& pos) const; /** * Format a date or time, which is the standard millis since 24:00 GMT, Jan * 1, 1970. Overrides DateFormat pure virtual method. *
* Example: using the US locale: "yyyy.MM.dd e 'at' HH:mm:ss zzz" ->> * 1996.07.10 AD at 15:08:56 PDT * * @param obj A Formattable containing the date-time value to be formatted * into a date-time string. If the type of the Formattable * is a numeric type, it is treated as if it were an * instance of Date. * @param toAppendTo The result of the formatting operation is appended to this * string. * @param pos The formatting position. On input: an alignment field, * if desired. On output: the offsets of the alignment field. * @return A reference to 'toAppendTo'. * @stable */ virtual UnicodeString& format( const Formattable& obj, UnicodeString& toAppendTo, FieldPosition& pos, UErrorCode& status) const; /** * Redeclared DateFormat method. * @stable */ UnicodeString& format(const Formattable& obj, UnicodeString& result, UErrorCode& status) const; /** * Redeclared DateFormat method. * @stable */ UnicodeString& format(UDate date, UnicodeString& result) const; /** * Parse a date/time string starting at the given parse position. For * example, a time text "07/10/96 4:5 PM, PDT" will be parsed into a Date * that is equivalent to Date(837039928046). *
* By default, parsing is lenient: If the input is not in the form used by * this object's format method but can still be parsed as a date, then the * parse succeeds. Clients may insist on strict adherence to the format by * calling setLenient(false). * * @see DateFormat::setLenient(boolean) * * @param text The date/time string to be parsed * @param pos On input, the position at which to start parsing; on * output, the position at which parsing terminated, or the * start position if the parse failed. * @return A valid UDate if the input could be parsed. * @stable */ virtual UDate parse( const UnicodeString& text, ParsePosition& pos) const; /** * Parse a date/time string. For example, a time text "07/10/96 4:5 PM, PDT" * will be parsed into a UDate that is equivalent to Date(837039928046). * Parsing begins at the beginning of the string and proceeds as far as * possible. Assuming no parse errors were encountered, this function * doesn't return any information about how much of the string was consumed * by the parsing. If you need that information, use the version of * parse() that takes a ParsePosition. * * @param text The date/time string to be parsed * @param status Filled in with U_ZERO_ERROR if the parse was successful, and with * an error value if there was a parse error. * @return A valid UDate if the input could be parsed. * @stable */ virtual UDate parse( const UnicodeString& text, UErrorCode& status) const; /** * Set the start UDate used to interpret two-digit year strings. * When dates are parsed having 2-digit year strings, they are placed within * a assumed range of 100 years starting on the two digit start date. For * example, the string "24-Jan-17" may be in the year 1817, 1917, 2017, or * some other year. SimpleDateFormat chooses a year so that the resultant * date is on or after the two digit start date and within 100 years of the * two digit start date. *
* By default, the two digit start date is set to 80 years before the current * time at which a SimpleDateFormat object is created. * @stable */ virtual void set2DigitYearStart(UDate d, UErrorCode& status); /** * Get the start UDate used to interpret two-digit year strings. * When dates are parsed having 2-digit year strings, they are placed within * a assumed range of 100 years starting on the two digit start date. For * example, the string "24-Jan-17" may be in the year 1817, 1917, 2017, or * some other year. SimpleDateFormat chooses a year so that the resultant * date is on or after the two digit start date and within 100 years of the * two digit start date. *
* By default, the two digit start date is set to 80 years before the current * time at which a SimpleDateFormat object is created. * @stable */ UDate get2DigitYearStart(UErrorCode& status) const; /** * Return a pattern string describing this date format. * @stable */ virtual UnicodeString& toPattern(UnicodeString& result) const; /** * Return a localized pattern string describing this date format. * In most cases, this will return the same thing as toPattern(), * but a locale can specify characters to use in pattern descriptions * in place of the ones described in this class's class documentation. * (Presumably, letters that would be more mnemonic in that locale's * language.) This function would produce a pattern using those * letters. * * @param result Receives the localized pattern. * @param status Output param set to success/failure code on * exit. If the pattern is invalid, this will be * set to a failure result. * @stable */ virtual UnicodeString& toLocalizedPattern(UnicodeString& result, UErrorCode& status) const; /** * Apply the given unlocalized pattern string to this date format. * (i.e., after this call, this formatter will format dates according to * the new pattern) * * @param pattern The pattern to be applied. * @stable */ virtual void applyPattern(const UnicodeString& pattern); /** * Apply the given localized pattern string to this date format. * (see toLocalizedPattern() for more information on localized patterns.) * * @param pattern The localized pattern to be applied. * @param status Output param set to success/failure code on * exit. If the pattern is invalid, this will be * set to a failure result. * @stable */ virtual void applyLocalizedPattern(const UnicodeString& pattern, UErrorCode& status); /** * Gets the date/time formatting symbols (this is an object carrying * the various strings and other symbols used in formatting: e.g., month * names and abbreviations, time zone names, AM/PM strings, etc.) * @return a copy of the date-time formatting data associated * with this date-time formatter. * @stable */ virtual const DateFormatSymbols* getDateFormatSymbols(void) const; /** * Set the date/time formatting symbols. The caller no longer owns the * DateFormatSymbols object and should not delete it after making this call. * @param newFormatData the given date-time formatting data. * @stable */ virtual void adoptDateFormatSymbols(DateFormatSymbols* newFormatSymbols); /** * Set the date/time formatting data. * @param newFormatData the given date-time formatting data. * @stable */ virtual void setDateFormatSymbols(const DateFormatSymbols& newFormatSymbols); public: /** * Resource bundle file suffix and tag names used by this class. */ static const char *fgErasTag; // resource bundle tag for era names static const char *fgMonthNamesTag; // resource bundle tag for month names static const char *fgMonthAbbreviationsTag; // resource bundle tag for month abbreviations static const char *fgDayNamesTag; // resource bundle tag for day names static const char *fgDayAbbreviationsTag; // resource bundle tag for day abbreviations static const char *fgAmPmMarkersTag; // resource bundle tag for AM/PM strings static const char *fgDateTimePatternsTag; // resource bundle tag for default date and time patterns static const char *fgZoneStringsTag; // resource bundle tag for time zone names static const char *fgLocalPatternCharsTag; // resource bundle tag for localized pattern characters static const UnicodeString fgDefaultPattern; // date/time pattern of last resort public: /** * Return the class ID for this class. This is useful only for comparing to * a return value from getDynamicClassID(). For example: *
* . Base* polymorphic_pointer = createPolymorphicObject();
* . if (polymorphic_pointer->getDynamicClassID() ==
* . erived::getStaticClassID()) ...
*
* @return The class ID for all objects of this class.
* @stable
*/
static UClassID getStaticClassID(void) { return (UClassID)&fgClassID; }
/**
* Returns a unique class ID POLYMORPHICALLY. Pure virtual override. This
* method is to implement a simple version of RTTI, since not all C++
* compilers support genuine RTTI. Polymorphic operator==() and clone()
* methods call this method.
*
* @return The class ID for this object. All objects of a
* given class have the same class ID. Objects of
* other classes have different class IDs.
* @stable
*/
virtual UClassID getDynamicClassID(void) const { return getStaticClassID(); }
private:
static char fgClassID;
friend class DateFormat;
/**
* Gets the index for the given time zone ID to obtain the timezone strings
* for formatting. The time zone ID is just for programmatic lookup. NOT
* LOCALIZED!!!
*
* @param DateFormatSymbols a DateFormatSymbols object contianing the time zone names
* @param ID the given time zone ID.
* @return the index of the given time zone ID. Returns -1 if
* the given time zone ID can't be located in the
* DateFormatSymbols object.
* @see SimpleTimeZone
*/
//int32_t getZoneIndex(const DateFormatSymbols&, const UnicodeString& ID) const;
void initializeDefaultCentury(void);
/**
* Used by the DateFormat factory methods to construct a SimpleDateFormat.
*/
SimpleDateFormat(EStyle timeStyle, EStyle dateStyle, const Locale& locale, UErrorCode& status);
/**
* Construct a SimpleDateFormat for the given locale. If no resource data
* is available, create an object of last resort, using hard-coded strings.
* This is an internal method, called by DateFormat. It should never fail.
*/
SimpleDateFormat(const Locale& locale, UErrorCode& status); // Use default pattern
/**
* Called by format() to format a single field.
*
* @param result Filled in with the result.
* @param ch The format character we encountered in the pattern.
* @param count Number of characters in the current pattern symbol (e.g.,
* "yyyy" in the pattern would result in a call to this function
* with ch equal to 'y' and count equal to 4)
* @param beginOffset Tells where the text returned by this function will go in
* the finished string. Used when this function needs to fill
* in a FieldPosition
* @param pos The FieldPosition being filled in by the format() call. If
* this function is formatting the field specfied by pos, it
* will fill in pos will the beginning and ending offsets of the
* field.
* @param status Receives a status code, which will be U_ZERO_ERROR if the operation
* succeeds.
* @return A reference to "result".
* @draft
*/
UnicodeString& subFormat( UnicodeString& result,
UChar ch,
int32_t count,
int32_t beginOffset,
FieldPosition& pos,
UErrorCode& status) const; // in case of illegal argument
/**
* Used by subFormat() to format a numeric value. Fills in "result" with a string
* representation of "value" having a number of digits between "minDigits" and
* "maxDigits". Uses the DateFormat's NumberFormat.
* @param result Filled in with the formatted number.
* @param value Value to format.
* @param minDigits Minimum number of digits the result should have
* @param maxDigits Maximum number of digits the result should have
* @return A reference to "result".
*/
UnicodeString& zeroPaddingNumber(UnicodeString& result,
int32_t value,
int32_t minDigits,
int32_t maxDigits) const;
/**
* Called by several of the constructors to load pattern data and formatting symbols
* out of a resource bundle and initialize the locale based on it.
* @param timeStyle The time style, as passed to DateFormat::createDateInstance().
* @param dateStyle The date style, as passed to DateFormat::createTimeInstance().
* @param locale The locale to load the patterns from.
* @param status Filled in with an error code if loading the data from the
* resources fails.
*/
void construct(EStyle timeStyle, EStyle dateStyle, const Locale& locale, UErrorCode& status);
/**
* Called by construct() and the various constructors to set up the SimpleDateFormat's
* Calendar and NumberFormat objects.
* @param locale The locale for which we want a Calendar and a NumberFormat.
* @param statuc Filled in with an error code if creating either subobject fails.
*/
void initialize(const Locale& locale, UErrorCode& status);
/**
* Private code-size reduction function used by subParse.
* @param text the time text being parsed.
* @param start where to start parsing.
* @param field the date field being parsed.
* @param data the string array to parsed.
* @return the new start position if matching succeeded; a negative number
* indicating matching failure, otherwise.
*/
int32_t matchString(const UnicodeString& text, UTextOffset start, Calendar::EDateFields field,
const UnicodeString* stringArray, int32_t stringArrayCount) const;
/**
* Private member function that converts the parsed date strings into
* timeFields. Returns -start (for ParsePosition) if failed.
* @param text the time text to be parsed.
* @param start where to start parsing.
* @param ch the pattern character for the date field text to be parsed.
* @param count the count of a pattern character.
* @param obeyCount if true then the count is strictly obeyed.
* @return the new start position if matching succeeded; a negative number
* indicating matching failure, otherwise.
* @draft
*/
int32_t subParse(const UnicodeString& text, int32_t& start, UChar ch, int32_t count,
UBool obeyCount, UBool ambiguousYear[]) const;
/**
* Parse the given text, at the given position, as a numeric value, using
* this object's NumberFormat. Return the corresponding long value in the
* fill-in parameter 'value'. If the parse fails, this method leaves pos
* unchanged and returns FALSE; otherwise it advances pos and
* returns TRUE.
*/
//UBool subParseLong(const UnicodeString& text, ParsePosition& pos, int32_t& value) const;
/**
* Translate a pattern, mapping each character in the from string to the
* corresponding character in the to string. Return an error if the original
* pattern contains an unmapped character, or if a quote is unmatched.
* Quoted (single quotes only) material is not translated.
*/
static void translatePattern(const UnicodeString& originalPattern,
UnicodeString& translatedPattern,
const UnicodeString& from,
const UnicodeString& to,
UErrorCode& status);
/**
* Given a zone ID, try to locate it in our time zone array. Return the
* index (row index) of the found time zone, or -1 if we can't find it.
*/
//int32_t getZoneIndex(const UnicodeString& ID) const;
/**
* Sets the starting date of the 100-year window that dates with 2-digit years
* are considered to fall within.
*/
void parseAmbiguousDatesAsAfter(UDate startDate, UErrorCode& status);
/**
* Returns the beginning date of the 100-year window that dates with 2-digit years
* are considered to fall within.
*/
UDate internalGetDefaultCenturyStart(void) const;
/**
* Returns the first year of the 100-year window that dates with 2-digit years
* are considered to fall within.
*/
int32_t internalGetDefaultCenturyStartYear(void) const;
/**
* Initializes the 100-year window that dates with 2-digit years are considered
* to fall within so that its start date is 80 years before the current time.
*/
static void initializeSystemDefaultCentury(void);
/**
* Last-resort string to use for "GMT" when constructing time zone strings.
*/
// For time zones that have no names, use strings GMT+minutes and
// GMT-minutes. For instance, in France the time zone is GMT+60.
static const UnicodeString fgGmtPlus;
static const UnicodeString fgGmtMinus;
static const UnicodeString fgGmt;
/**
* Used to map pattern characters to Calendar field identifiers.
*/
static const Calendar::EDateFields fgPatternIndexToCalendarField[];
/**
* Map index into pattern character string to DateFormat field number
*/
static const DateFormat::EField fgPatternIndexToDateFormatField[];
/**
* The formatting pattern for this formatter.
*/
UnicodeString fPattern;
/**
* A pointer to an object containing the strings to use in formatting (e.g.,
* month and day names, AM and PM strings, time zone names, etc.)
*/
DateFormatSymbols* fSymbols; // Owned
/**
* If dates have ambiguous years, we map them into the century starting
* at defaultCenturyStart, which may be any date. If defaultCenturyStart is
* set to SYSTEM_DEFAULT_CENTURY, which it is by default, then the system
* values are used. The instance values defaultCenturyStart and
* defaultCenturyStartYear are only used if explicitly set by the user
* through the API method parseAmbiguousDatesAsAfter().
*/
UDate fDefaultCenturyStart;
/**
* See documentation for defaultCenturyStart.
*/
/*transient*/ int32_t fDefaultCenturyStartYear;
/**
* The system maintains a static default century start date. This is initialized
* the first time it is used. Before then, it is set to SYSTEM_DEFAULT_CENTURY to
* indicate an uninitialized state. Once the system default century date and year
* are set, they do not change.
*/
static UDate fgSystemDefaultCenturyStart;
/**
* See documentation for systemDefaultCenturyStart.
*/
static int32_t fgSystemDefaultCenturyStartYear;
/**
* Default value that indicates the defaultCenturyStartYear is unitialized
*/
static const int32_t fgSystemDefaultCenturyYear;
public:
/**
* If a start date is set to this value, that indicates that the system default
* start is in effect for this instance.
*/
static const UDate fgSystemDefaultCentury;
};
inline UDate
SimpleDateFormat::get2DigitYearStart(UErrorCode& /*status*/) const
{
return fDefaultCenturyStart;
}
inline UnicodeString&
SimpleDateFormat::format(const Formattable& obj,
UnicodeString& result,
UErrorCode& status) const {
// Don't use Format:: - use immediate base class only,
// in case immediate base modifies behavior later.
return DateFormat::format(obj, result, status);
}
inline UnicodeString&
SimpleDateFormat::format(UDate date, UnicodeString& result) const {
return DateFormat::format(date, result);
}
#endif // _SMPDTFMT
//eof