* Line boundary analysis determines where a text string can be broken * when line-wrapping. The mechanism correctly handles punctuation and * hyphenated words. *
* Sentence boundary analysis allows selection with correct * interpretation of periods within numbers and abbreviations, and * trailing punctuation marks such as quotation marks and parentheses. *
* Word boundary analysis is used by search and replace functions, as * well as within text editing applications that allow the user to * select words with a double click. Word selection provides correct * interpretation of punctuation marks within and following * words. Characters that are not part of a word, such as symbols or * punctuation marks, have word-breaks on both sides. *
* Character boundary analysis allows users to interact with * characters as they expect to, for example, when moving the cursor * through a text string. Character boundary analysis provides correct * navigation of through character strings, regardless of how the * character is stored. For example, an accented character might be * stored as a base character and a diacritical mark. What users * consider to be a character can differ between languages. *
* This is the interface for all text boundaries. *
* Examples: *
* Helper function to output text *
* \code
* void printTextRange( BreakIterator& iterator, int32_t start, int32_t end )
* {
* UnicodeString textBuffer, temp;
* CharacterIterator *strIter = iterator.createText();
* strIter->getText(temp);
* cout << " " << start << " " << end << " |"
* << temp.extractBetween(start, end, textBuffer)
* << "|" << endl;
* delete strIter;
* }
* \endcode
*
* Print each element in order:
*
* \code
* void printEachForward( BreakIterator& boundary)
* {
* int32_t start = boundary.first();
* for (int32_t end = boundary.next();
* end != BreakIterator::DONE;
* start = end, end = boundary.next())
* {
* printTextRange( boundary, start, end );
* }
* }
* \code
*
* Print each element in reverse order:
*
* \code
* void printEachBackward( BreakIterator& boundary)
* {
* int32_t end = boundary.last();
* for (int32_t start = boundary.previous();
* start != BreakIterator::DONE;
* end = start, start = boundary.previous())
* {
* printTextRange( boundary, start, end );
* }
* }
* \endcode
*
* Print first element
*
* \code
* void printFirst(BreakIterator& boundary)
* {
* int32_t start = boundary.first();
* int32_t end = boundary.next();
* printTextRange( boundary, start, end );
* }
* \endcode
*
* Print last element
*
* \code
* void printLast(BreakIterator& boundary)
* {
* int32_t end = boundary.last();
* int32_t start = boundary.previous();
* printTextRange( boundary, start, end );
* }
* \endcode
*
* Print the element at a specified position
*
* \code
* void printAt(BreakIterator &boundary, int32_t pos )
* {
* int32_t end = boundary.following(pos);
* int32_t start = boundary.previous();
* printTextRange( boundary, start, end );
* }
* \endcode
*
* Creating and using text boundaries
*
* \code
* void BreakIterator_Example( void )
* {
* BreakIterator* boundary;
* UnicodeString stringToExamine("Aaa bbb ccc. Ddd eee fff.");
* cout << "Examining: " << stringToExamine << endl;
*
* //print each sentence in forward and reverse order
* boundary = BreakIterator::createSentenceInstance( Locale::US );
* boundary->setText(stringToExamine);
* cout << "----- forward: -----------" << endl;
* printEachForward(*boundary);
* cout << "----- backward: ----------" << endl;
* printEachBackward(*boundary);
* delete boundary;
*
* //print each word in order
* boundary = BreakIterator::createWordInstance();
* boundary->setText(stringToExamine);
* cout << "----- forward: -----------" << endl;
* printEachForward(*boundary);
* //print first element
* cout << "----- first: -------------" << endl;
* printFirst(*boundary);
* //print last element
* cout << "----- last: --------------" << endl;
* printLast(*boundary);
* //print word at charpos 10
* cout << "----- at pos 10: ---------" << endl;
* printAt(*boundary, 10 );
*
* delete boundary;
* }
* \endcode
*
*/
class U_COMMON_API BreakIterator : public UObject {
public:
virtual ~BreakIterator();
/**
* Return true if another object is semantically equal to this
* one. The other object should be an instance of the same subclass of
* BreakIterator. Objects of different subclasses are considered
* unequal.
* * Return true if this BreakIterator is at the same position in the * same text, and is the same class and type (word, line, etc.) of * BreakIterator, as the argument. Text is considered the same if * it contains the same characters, it need not be the same * object, and styles are not considered. * @stable */ virtual UBool operator==(const BreakIterator&) const = 0; /** * Returns the complement of the result of operator== * @param ths The BreakIterator to be compared for inequality * @return the complement of the result of operator== * @stable */ UBool operator!=(const BreakIterator& rhs) const { return !operator==(rhs); } /** * Return a polymorphic copy of this object. This is an abstract * method which subclasses implement. * @stable */ virtual BreakIterator* clone(void) const = 0; /** * Return a polymorphic class ID for this object. Different subclasses * will return distinct unequal values. * @stable */ virtual UClassID getDynamicClassID(void) const = 0; /** * Return a CharacterIterator over the text being analyzed. * @stable */ virtual const CharacterIterator& getText(void) const = 0; #ifdef ICU_ENABLE_DEPRECATED_BREAKITERATOR /** * Get the text for which this object is finding the boundaries. * @deprecated This will be removed after 2000-Dec-31. Use getText() instead. */ virtual CharacterIterator* createText(void) const = 0; /** * Change the text over which this operates. The text boundary is * reset to the start. * @deprecated Use setText(const UnicodeString&) instead. */ virtual void setText(const UnicodeString* it) = 0; #endif /** * Change the text over which this operates. The text boundary is * reset to the start. * @param text The UnicodeString used to change the text. * @stable */ virtual void setText(const UnicodeString &text) = 0; /** * Change the text over which this operates. The text boundary is * reset to the start. * @param it The CharacterIterator used to change the text. * @stable */ virtual void adoptText(CharacterIterator* it) = 0; /** * DONE is returned by previous() and next() after all valid * boundaries have been returned. * @stable */ static const int32_t DONE; /** * Return the index of the first character in the text being scanned. * @stable */ virtual int32_t first(void) = 0; /** * Return the index immediately BEYOND the last character in the text being scanned. * @stable */ virtual int32_t last(void) = 0; /** * Return the boundary preceding the current boundary. * @return The character index of the previous text boundary or DONE if all * boundaries have been returned. * @stable */ virtual int32_t previous(void) = 0; /** * Return the boundary following the current boundary. * @return The character index of the next text boundary or DONE if all * boundaries have been returned. * @stable */ virtual int32_t next(void) = 0; /** * Return character index of the text boundary that was most recently * returned by next(), previous(), first(), or last() * @return The boundary most recently returned. * @stable */ virtual int32_t current(void) const = 0; /** * Return the first boundary following the specified offset. * The value returned is always greater than the offset or * the value BreakIterator.DONE * @param offset the offset to begin scanning. * @return The first boundary after the specified offset. * @stable */ virtual int32_t following(int32_t offset) = 0; /** * Return the first boundary preceding the specified offset. * The value returned is always smaller than the offset or * the value BreakIterator.DONE * @param offset the offset to begin scanning. * @return The first boundary before the specified offset. * @stable */ virtual int32_t preceding(int32_t offset) = 0; /** * Return true if the specfied position is a boundary position. * @param offset the offset to check. * @return True if "offset" is a boundary position. * @stable */ virtual UBool isBoundary(int32_t offset) = 0; /** * Return the nth boundary from the current boundary * @param n which boundary to return. A value of 0 * does nothing. Negative values move to previous boundaries * and positive values move to later boundaries. * @return The index of the nth boundary from the current position, or * DONE if there are fewer than |n| boundaries in the specfied direction. * @stable */ virtual int32_t next(int32_t n) = 0; /** * Create BreakIterator for word-breaks using the given locale. * Returns an instance of a BreakIterator implementing word breaks. * WordBreak is useful for word selection (ex. double click) * @param where the locale. * @param status the error code * @return A BreakIterator for word-breaks. The UErrorCode& status * parameter is used to return status information to the user. * To check whether the construction succeeded or not, you should check * the value of U_SUCCESS(err). If you wish more detailed information, you * can check for informational error results which still indicate success. * U_USING_FALLBACK_ERROR indicates that a fall back locale was used. For * example, 'de_CH' was requested, but nothing was found there, so 'de' was * used. U_USING_DEFAULT_ERROR indicates that the default locale data was * used; neither the requested locale nor any of its fall back locales * could be found. * The caller owns the returned object and is responsible for deleting it. * @stable */ static BreakIterator* createWordInstance(const Locale& where, UErrorCode& status); /** * Create BreakIterator for line-breaks using specified locale. * Returns an instance of a BreakIterator implementing line breaks. Line * breaks are logically possible line breaks, actual line breaks are * usually determined based on display width. * LineBreak is useful for word wrapping text. * @param where the locale. * @param status The error code. * @return A BreakIterator for line-breaks. The UErrorCode& status * parameter is used to return status information to the user. * To check whether the construction succeeded or not, you should check * the value of U_SUCCESS(err). If you wish more detailed information, you * can check for informational error results which still indicate success. * U_USING_FALLBACK_ERROR indicates that a fall back locale was used. For * example, 'de_CH' was requested, but nothing was found there, so 'de' was * used. U_USING_DEFAULT_ERROR indicates that the default locale data was * used; neither the requested locale nor any of its fall back locales * could be found. * The caller owns the returned object and is responsible for deleting it. * @stable */ static BreakIterator* createLineInstance(const Locale& where, UErrorCode& status); /** * Create BreakIterator for character-breaks using specified locale * Returns an instance of a BreakIterator implementing character breaks. * Character breaks are boundaries of combining character sequences. * @param where the locale. * @param status The error code. * @return A BreakIterator for character-breaks. The UErrorCode& status * parameter is used to return status information to the user. * To check whether the construction succeeded or not, you should check * the value of U_SUCCESS(err). If you wish more detailed information, you * can check for informational error results which still indicate success. * U_USING_FALLBACK_ERROR indicates that a fall back locale was used. For * example, 'de_CH' was requested, but nothing was found there, so 'de' was * used. U_USING_DEFAULT_ERROR indicates that the default locale data was * used; neither the requested locale nor any of its fall back locales * could be found. * The caller owns the returned object and is responsible for deleting it. * @stable */ static BreakIterator* createCharacterInstance(const Locale& where, UErrorCode& status); /** * Create BreakIterator for sentence-breaks using specified locale * Returns an instance of a BreakIterator implementing sentence breaks. * @param where the locale. * @param status The error code. * @return A BreakIterator for sentence-breaks. The UErrorCode& status * parameter is used to return status information to the user. * To check whether the construction succeeded or not, you should check * the value of U_SUCCESS(err). If you wish more detailed information, you * can check for informational error results which still indicate success. * U_USING_FALLBACK_ERROR indicates that a fall back locale was used. For * example, 'de_CH' was requested, but nothing was found there, so 'de' was * used. U_USING_DEFAULT_ERROR indicates that the default locale data was * used; neither the requested locale nor any of its fall back locales * could be found. * The caller owns the returned object and is responsible for deleting it. * @stable */ static BreakIterator* createSentenceInstance(const Locale& where, UErrorCode& status); /** * Create BreakIterator for title-casing breaks using the specified locale * Returns an instance of a BreakIterator implementing title breaks. * @param where the locale. * @param status The error code. * @return A BreakIterator for title-breaks. The UErrorCode& status * parameter is used to return status information to the user. * To check whether the construction succeeded or not, you should check * the value of U_SUCCESS(err). If you wish more detailed information, you * can check for informational error results which still indicate success. * U_USING_FALLBACK_ERROR indicates that a fall back locale was used. For * example, 'de_CH' was requested, but nothing was found there, so 'de' was * used. U_USING_DEFAULT_ERROR indicates that the default locale data was * used; neither the requested locale nor any of its fall back locales * could be found. * The caller owns the returned object and is responsible for deleting it. * @stable */ static BreakIterator* createTitleInstance(const Locale& where, UErrorCode& status); /** * Get the set of Locales for which TextBoundaries are installed * @param count the output parameter of number of elements in the locale list * @return available locales * @stable */ static const Locale* getAvailableLocales(int32_t& count); /** * Get name of the object for the desired Locale, in the desired langauge. * @param objectLocale must be from getAvailableLocales. * @param displayLocale specifies the desired locale for output. * @param name the fill-in parameter of the return value * Uses best match. * @return user-displayable name * @stable */ static UnicodeString& getDisplayName(const Locale& objectLocale, const Locale& displayLocale, UnicodeString& name); /** * Get name of the object for the desired Locale, in the langauge of the * default locale. * @param objectLocale must be from getMatchingLocales * @param name the fill-in parameter of the return value * @return user-displayable name * @stable */ static UnicodeString& getDisplayName(const Locale& objectLocale, UnicodeString& name); /** * Thread safe client-buffer-based cloning operation * Do NOT call delete on a safeclone, since 'new' is not used to create it. * @param stackBuffer user allocated space for the new clone. If NULL new memory will be allocated. * If buffer is not large enough, new memory will be allocated. * @param BufferSize reference to size of allocated space. * If BufferSize == 0, a sufficient size for use in cloning will * be returned ('pre-flighting') * If BufferSize is not enough for a stack-based safe clone, * new memory will be allocated. * @param status to indicate whether the operation went on smoothly or there were errors * An informational status value, U_SAFECLONE_ALLOCATED_ERROR, is used if any allocations were * necessary. * @return pointer to the new clone * * @draft ICU 1.8 */ virtual BreakIterator * createBufferClone(void *stackBuffer, int32_t &BufferSize, UErrorCode &status) = 0; inline UBool isBufferClone(void); protected: BreakIterator(); UBool fBufferClone; private: /** * The copy constructor and assignment operator have no real implementation. * They are provided to make the compiler happy. Do not call. */ BreakIterator& operator=(const BreakIterator&) { return *this; } BreakIterator (const BreakIterator &other) : UObject(other) {} }; inline UBool BreakIterator::isBufferClone() { return fBufferClone; } U_NAMESPACE_END #endif // _BRKITER //eof