725 lines
24 KiB
C++
725 lines
24 KiB
C++
// © 2016 and later: Unicode, Inc. and others.
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// License & terms of use: http://www.unicode.org/copyright.html
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/*
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********************************************************************
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*
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* Copyright (C) 1997-2011, International Business Machines
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* Corporation and others. All Rights Reserved.
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*
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********************************************************************
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*/
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#ifndef CHARITER_H
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#define CHARITER_H
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#include "unicode/utypes.h"
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#include "unicode/uobject.h"
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#include "unicode/unistr.h"
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/**
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* \file
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* \brief C++ API: Character Iterator
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*/
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U_NAMESPACE_BEGIN
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/**
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* Abstract class that defines an API for forward-only iteration
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* on text objects.
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* This is a minimal interface for iteration without random access
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* or backwards iteration. It is especially useful for wrapping
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* streams with converters into an object for collation or
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* normalization.
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*
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* <p>Characters can be accessed in two ways: as code units or as
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* code points.
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* Unicode code points are 21-bit integers and are the scalar values
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* of Unicode characters. ICU uses the type UChar32 for them.
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* Unicode code units are the storage units of a given
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* Unicode/UCS Transformation Format (a character encoding scheme).
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* With UTF-16, all code points can be represented with either one
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* or two code units ("surrogates").
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* String storage is typically based on code units, while properties
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* of characters are typically determined using code point values.
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* Some processes may be designed to work with sequences of code units,
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* or it may be known that all characters that are important to an
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* algorithm can be represented with single code units.
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* Other processes will need to use the code point access functions.</p>
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*
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* <p>ForwardCharacterIterator provides nextPostInc() to access
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* a code unit and advance an internal position into the text object,
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* similar to a <code>return text[position++]</code>.<br>
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* It provides next32PostInc() to access a code point and advance an internal
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* position.</p>
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*
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* <p>next32PostInc() assumes that the current position is that of
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* the beginning of a code point, i.e., of its first code unit.
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* After next32PostInc(), this will be true again.
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* In general, access to code units and code points in the same
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* iteration loop should not be mixed. In UTF-16, if the current position
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* is on a second code unit (Low Surrogate), then only that code unit
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* is returned even by next32PostInc().</p>
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*
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* <p>For iteration with either function, there are two ways to
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* check for the end of the iteration. When there are no more
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* characters in the text object:
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* <ul>
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* <li>The hasNext() function returns FALSE.</li>
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* <li>nextPostInc() and next32PostInc() return DONE
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* when one attempts to read beyond the end of the text object.</li>
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* </ul>
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*
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* Example:
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* \code
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* void function1(ForwardCharacterIterator &it) {
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* UChar32 c;
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* while(it.hasNext()) {
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* c=it.next32PostInc();
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* // use c
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* }
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* }
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*
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* void function1(ForwardCharacterIterator &it) {
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* char16_t c;
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* while((c=it.nextPostInc())!=ForwardCharacterIterator::DONE) {
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* // use c
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* }
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* }
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* \endcode
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* </p>
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*
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* @stable ICU 2.0
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*/
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class U_COMMON_API ForwardCharacterIterator : public UObject {
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public:
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/**
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* Value returned by most of ForwardCharacterIterator's functions
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* when the iterator has reached the limits of its iteration.
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* @stable ICU 2.0
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*/
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enum { DONE = 0xffff };
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/**
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* Destructor.
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* @stable ICU 2.0
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*/
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virtual ~ForwardCharacterIterator();
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/**
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* Returns true when both iterators refer to the same
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* character in the same character-storage object.
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* @param that The ForwardCharacterIterator to be compared for equality
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* @return true when both iterators refer to the same
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* character in the same character-storage object
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* @stable ICU 2.0
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*/
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virtual UBool operator==(const ForwardCharacterIterator& that) const = 0;
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/**
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* Returns true when the iterators refer to different
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* text-storage objects, or to different characters in the
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* same text-storage object.
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* @param that The ForwardCharacterIterator to be compared for inequality
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* @return true when the iterators refer to different
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* text-storage objects, or to different characters in the
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* same text-storage object
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* @stable ICU 2.0
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*/
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inline UBool operator!=(const ForwardCharacterIterator& that) const;
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/**
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* Generates a hash code for this iterator.
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* @return the hash code.
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* @stable ICU 2.0
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*/
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virtual int32_t hashCode(void) const = 0;
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/**
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* Returns a UClassID for this ForwardCharacterIterator ("poor man's
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* RTTI").<P> Despite the fact that this function is public,
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* DO NOT CONSIDER IT PART OF CHARACTERITERATOR'S API!
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* @return a UClassID for this ForwardCharacterIterator
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* @stable ICU 2.0
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*/
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virtual UClassID getDynamicClassID(void) const = 0;
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/**
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* Gets the current code unit for returning and advances to the next code unit
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* in the iteration range
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* (toward endIndex()). If there are
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* no more code units to return, returns DONE.
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* @return the current code unit.
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* @stable ICU 2.0
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*/
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virtual char16_t nextPostInc(void) = 0;
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/**
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* Gets the current code point for returning and advances to the next code point
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* in the iteration range
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* (toward endIndex()). If there are
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* no more code points to return, returns DONE.
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* @return the current code point.
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* @stable ICU 2.0
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*/
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virtual UChar32 next32PostInc(void) = 0;
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/**
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* Returns FALSE if there are no more code units or code points
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* at or after the current position in the iteration range.
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* This is used with nextPostInc() or next32PostInc() in forward
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* iteration.
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* @returns FALSE if there are no more code units or code points
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* at or after the current position in the iteration range.
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* @stable ICU 2.0
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*/
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virtual UBool hasNext() = 0;
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protected:
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/** Default constructor to be overridden in the implementing class. @stable ICU 2.0*/
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ForwardCharacterIterator();
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/** Copy constructor to be overridden in the implementing class. @stable ICU 2.0*/
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ForwardCharacterIterator(const ForwardCharacterIterator &other);
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/**
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* Assignment operator to be overridden in the implementing class.
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* @stable ICU 2.0
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*/
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ForwardCharacterIterator &operator=(const ForwardCharacterIterator&) { return *this; }
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};
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/**
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* Abstract class that defines an API for iteration
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* on text objects.
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* This is an interface for forward and backward iteration
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* and random access into a text object.
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*
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* <p>The API provides backward compatibility to the Java and older ICU
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* CharacterIterator classes but extends them significantly:
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* <ol>
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* <li>CharacterIterator is now a subclass of ForwardCharacterIterator.</li>
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* <li>While the old API functions provided forward iteration with
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* "pre-increment" semantics, the new one also provides functions
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* with "post-increment" semantics. They are more efficient and should
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* be the preferred iterator functions for new implementations.
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* The backward iteration always had "pre-decrement" semantics, which
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* are efficient.</li>
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* <li>Just like ForwardCharacterIterator, it provides access to
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* both code units and code points. Code point access versions are available
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* for the old and the new iteration semantics.</li>
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* <li>There are new functions for setting and moving the current position
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* without returning a character, for efficiency.</li>
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* </ol>
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*
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* See ForwardCharacterIterator for examples for using the new forward iteration
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* functions. For backward iteration, there is also a hasPrevious() function
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* that can be used analogously to hasNext().
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* The old functions work as before and are shown below.</p>
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*
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* <p>Examples for some of the new functions:</p>
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*
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* Forward iteration with hasNext():
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* \code
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* void forward1(CharacterIterator &it) {
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* UChar32 c;
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* for(it.setToStart(); it.hasNext();) {
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* c=it.next32PostInc();
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* // use c
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* }
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* }
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* \endcode
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* Forward iteration more similar to loops with the old forward iteration,
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* showing a way to convert simple for() loops:
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* \code
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* void forward2(CharacterIterator &it) {
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* char16_t c;
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* for(c=it.firstPostInc(); c!=CharacterIterator::DONE; c=it.nextPostInc()) {
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* // use c
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* }
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* }
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* \endcode
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* Backward iteration with setToEnd() and hasPrevious():
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* \code
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* void backward1(CharacterIterator &it) {
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* UChar32 c;
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* for(it.setToEnd(); it.hasPrevious();) {
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* c=it.previous32();
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* // use c
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* }
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* }
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* \endcode
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* Backward iteration with a more traditional for() loop:
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* \code
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* void backward2(CharacterIterator &it) {
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* char16_t c;
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* for(c=it.last(); c!=CharacterIterator::DONE; c=it.previous()) {
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* // use c
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* }
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* }
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* \endcode
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*
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* Example for random access:
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* \code
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* void random(CharacterIterator &it) {
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* // set to the third code point from the beginning
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* it.move32(3, CharacterIterator::kStart);
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* // get a code point from here without moving the position
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* UChar32 c=it.current32();
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* // get the position
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* int32_t pos=it.getIndex();
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* // get the previous code unit
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* char16_t u=it.previous();
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* // move back one more code unit
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* it.move(-1, CharacterIterator::kCurrent);
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* // set the position back to where it was
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* // and read the same code point c and move beyond it
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* it.setIndex(pos);
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* if(c!=it.next32PostInc()) {
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* exit(1); // CharacterIterator inconsistent
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* }
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* }
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* \endcode
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*
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* <p>Examples, especially for the old API:</p>
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*
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* Function processing characters, in this example simple output
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* <pre>
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* \code
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* void processChar( char16_t c )
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* {
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* cout << " " << c;
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* }
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* \endcode
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* </pre>
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* Traverse the text from start to finish
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* <pre>
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* \code
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* void traverseForward(CharacterIterator& iter)
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* {
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* for(char16_t c = iter.first(); c != CharacterIterator.DONE; c = iter.next()) {
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* processChar(c);
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* }
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* }
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* \endcode
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* </pre>
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* Traverse the text backwards, from end to start
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* <pre>
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* \code
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* void traverseBackward(CharacterIterator& iter)
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* {
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* for(char16_t c = iter.last(); c != CharacterIterator.DONE; c = iter.previous()) {
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* processChar(c);
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* }
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* }
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* \endcode
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* </pre>
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* Traverse both forward and backward from a given position in the text.
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* Calls to notBoundary() in this example represents some additional stopping criteria.
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* <pre>
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* \code
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* void traverseOut(CharacterIterator& iter, int32_t pos)
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* {
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* char16_t c;
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* for (c = iter.setIndex(pos);
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* c != CharacterIterator.DONE && (Unicode::isLetter(c) || Unicode::isDigit(c));
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* c = iter.next()) {}
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* int32_t end = iter.getIndex();
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* for (c = iter.setIndex(pos);
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* c != CharacterIterator.DONE && (Unicode::isLetter(c) || Unicode::isDigit(c));
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* c = iter.previous()) {}
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* int32_t start = iter.getIndex() + 1;
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*
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* cout << "start: " << start << " end: " << end << endl;
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* for (c = iter.setIndex(start); iter.getIndex() < end; c = iter.next() ) {
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* processChar(c);
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* }
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* }
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* \endcode
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* </pre>
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* Creating a StringCharacterIterator and calling the test functions
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* <pre>
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* \code
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* void CharacterIterator_Example( void )
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* {
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* cout << endl << "===== CharacterIterator_Example: =====" << endl;
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* UnicodeString text("Ein kleiner Satz.");
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* StringCharacterIterator iterator(text);
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* cout << "----- traverseForward: -----------" << endl;
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* traverseForward( iterator );
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* cout << endl << endl << "----- traverseBackward: ----------" << endl;
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* traverseBackward( iterator );
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* cout << endl << endl << "----- traverseOut: ---------------" << endl;
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* traverseOut( iterator, 7 );
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* cout << endl << endl << "-----" << endl;
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* }
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* \endcode
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* </pre>
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*
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* @stable ICU 2.0
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*/
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class U_COMMON_API CharacterIterator : public ForwardCharacterIterator {
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public:
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/**
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* Origin enumeration for the move() and move32() functions.
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* @stable ICU 2.0
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*/
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enum EOrigin { kStart, kCurrent, kEnd };
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/**
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* Destructor.
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* @stable ICU 2.0
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*/
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virtual ~CharacterIterator();
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/**
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* Returns a pointer to a new CharacterIterator of the same
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* concrete class as this one, and referring to the same
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* character in the same text-storage object as this one. The
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* caller is responsible for deleting the new clone.
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* @return a pointer to a new CharacterIterator
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* @stable ICU 2.0
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*/
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virtual CharacterIterator* clone(void) const = 0;
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/**
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* Sets the iterator to refer to the first code unit in its
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* iteration range, and returns that code unit.
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* This can be used to begin an iteration with next().
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* @return the first code unit in its iteration range.
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* @stable ICU 2.0
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*/
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virtual char16_t first(void) = 0;
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/**
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* Sets the iterator to refer to the first code unit in its
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* iteration range, returns that code unit, and moves the position
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* to the second code unit. This is an alternative to setToStart()
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* for forward iteration with nextPostInc().
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* @return the first code unit in its iteration range.
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* @stable ICU 2.0
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*/
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virtual char16_t firstPostInc(void);
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/**
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* Sets the iterator to refer to the first code point in its
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* iteration range, and returns that code unit,
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* This can be used to begin an iteration with next32().
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* Note that an iteration with next32PostInc(), beginning with,
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* e.g., setToStart() or firstPostInc(), is more efficient.
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* @return the first code point in its iteration range.
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* @stable ICU 2.0
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*/
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virtual UChar32 first32(void) = 0;
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/**
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* Sets the iterator to refer to the first code point in its
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* iteration range, returns that code point, and moves the position
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* to the second code point. This is an alternative to setToStart()
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* for forward iteration with next32PostInc().
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* @return the first code point in its iteration range.
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* @stable ICU 2.0
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*/
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virtual UChar32 first32PostInc(void);
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/**
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* Sets the iterator to refer to the first code unit or code point in its
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* iteration range. This can be used to begin a forward
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* iteration with nextPostInc() or next32PostInc().
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* @return the start position of the iteration range
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* @stable ICU 2.0
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*/
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inline int32_t setToStart();
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/**
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* Sets the iterator to refer to the last code unit in its
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* iteration range, and returns that code unit.
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* This can be used to begin an iteration with previous().
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* @return the last code unit.
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* @stable ICU 2.0
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*/
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virtual char16_t last(void) = 0;
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/**
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* Sets the iterator to refer to the last code point in its
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* iteration range, and returns that code unit.
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* This can be used to begin an iteration with previous32().
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* @return the last code point.
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* @stable ICU 2.0
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*/
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virtual UChar32 last32(void) = 0;
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/**
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* Sets the iterator to the end of its iteration range, just behind
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* the last code unit or code point. This can be used to begin a backward
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* iteration with previous() or previous32().
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* @return the end position of the iteration range
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* @stable ICU 2.0
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*/
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inline int32_t setToEnd();
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/**
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* Sets the iterator to refer to the "position"-th code unit
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* in the text-storage object the iterator refers to, and
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* returns that code unit.
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* @param position the "position"-th code unit in the text-storage object
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* @return the "position"-th code unit.
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* @stable ICU 2.0
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*/
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virtual char16_t setIndex(int32_t position) = 0;
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/**
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* Sets the iterator to refer to the beginning of the code point
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* that contains the "position"-th code unit
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* in the text-storage object the iterator refers to, and
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* returns that code point.
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* The current position is adjusted to the beginning of the code point
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* (its first code unit).
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* @param position the "position"-th code unit in the text-storage object
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* @return the "position"-th code point.
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* @stable ICU 2.0
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*/
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virtual UChar32 setIndex32(int32_t position) = 0;
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/**
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* Returns the code unit the iterator currently refers to.
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* @return the current code unit.
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* @stable ICU 2.0
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*/
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virtual char16_t current(void) const = 0;
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/**
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* Returns the code point the iterator currently refers to.
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* @return the current code point.
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* @stable ICU 2.0
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*/
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virtual UChar32 current32(void) const = 0;
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/**
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* Advances to the next code unit in the iteration range
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* (toward endIndex()), and returns that code unit. If there are
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* no more code units to return, returns DONE.
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* @return the next code unit.
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* @stable ICU 2.0
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*/
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virtual char16_t next(void) = 0;
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/**
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* Advances to the next code point in the iteration range
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* (toward endIndex()), and returns that code point. If there are
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* no more code points to return, returns DONE.
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* Note that iteration with "pre-increment" semantics is less
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* efficient than iteration with "post-increment" semantics
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* that is provided by next32PostInc().
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* @return the next code point.
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* @stable ICU 2.0
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*/
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virtual UChar32 next32(void) = 0;
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/**
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* Advances to the previous code unit in the iteration range
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* (toward startIndex()), and returns that code unit. If there are
|
|
* no more code units to return, returns DONE.
|
|
* @return the previous code unit.
|
|
* @stable ICU 2.0
|
|
*/
|
|
virtual char16_t previous(void) = 0;
|
|
|
|
/**
|
|
* Advances to the previous code point in the iteration range
|
|
* (toward startIndex()), and returns that code point. If there are
|
|
* no more code points to return, returns DONE.
|
|
* @return the previous code point.
|
|
* @stable ICU 2.0
|
|
*/
|
|
virtual UChar32 previous32(void) = 0;
|
|
|
|
/**
|
|
* Returns FALSE if there are no more code units or code points
|
|
* before the current position in the iteration range.
|
|
* This is used with previous() or previous32() in backward
|
|
* iteration.
|
|
* @return FALSE if there are no more code units or code points
|
|
* before the current position in the iteration range, return TRUE otherwise.
|
|
* @stable ICU 2.0
|
|
*/
|
|
virtual UBool hasPrevious() = 0;
|
|
|
|
/**
|
|
* Returns the numeric index in the underlying text-storage
|
|
* object of the character returned by first(). Since it's
|
|
* possible to create an iterator that iterates across only
|
|
* part of a text-storage object, this number isn't
|
|
* necessarily 0.
|
|
* @returns the numeric index in the underlying text-storage
|
|
* object of the character returned by first().
|
|
* @stable ICU 2.0
|
|
*/
|
|
inline int32_t startIndex(void) const;
|
|
|
|
/**
|
|
* Returns the numeric index in the underlying text-storage
|
|
* object of the position immediately BEYOND the character
|
|
* returned by last().
|
|
* @return the numeric index in the underlying text-storage
|
|
* object of the position immediately BEYOND the character
|
|
* returned by last().
|
|
* @stable ICU 2.0
|
|
*/
|
|
inline int32_t endIndex(void) const;
|
|
|
|
/**
|
|
* Returns the numeric index in the underlying text-storage
|
|
* object of the character the iterator currently refers to
|
|
* (i.e., the character returned by current()).
|
|
* @return the numberic index in the text-storage object of
|
|
* the character the iterator currently refers to
|
|
* @stable ICU 2.0
|
|
*/
|
|
inline int32_t getIndex(void) const;
|
|
|
|
/**
|
|
* Returns the length of the entire text in the underlying
|
|
* text-storage object.
|
|
* @return the length of the entire text in the text-storage object
|
|
* @stable ICU 2.0
|
|
*/
|
|
inline int32_t getLength() const;
|
|
|
|
/**
|
|
* Moves the current position relative to the start or end of the
|
|
* iteration range, or relative to the current position itself.
|
|
* The movement is expressed in numbers of code units forward
|
|
* or backward by specifying a positive or negative delta.
|
|
* @param delta the position relative to origin. A positive delta means forward;
|
|
* a negative delta means backward.
|
|
* @param origin Origin enumeration {kStart, kCurrent, kEnd}
|
|
* @return the new position
|
|
* @stable ICU 2.0
|
|
*/
|
|
virtual int32_t move(int32_t delta, EOrigin origin) = 0;
|
|
|
|
/**
|
|
* Moves the current position relative to the start or end of the
|
|
* iteration range, or relative to the current position itself.
|
|
* The movement is expressed in numbers of code points forward
|
|
* or backward by specifying a positive or negative delta.
|
|
* @param delta the position relative to origin. A positive delta means forward;
|
|
* a negative delta means backward.
|
|
* @param origin Origin enumeration {kStart, kCurrent, kEnd}
|
|
* @return the new position
|
|
* @stable ICU 2.0
|
|
*/
|
|
virtual int32_t move32(int32_t delta, EOrigin origin) = 0;
|
|
|
|
/**
|
|
* Copies the text under iteration into the UnicodeString
|
|
* referred to by "result".
|
|
* @param result Receives a copy of the text under iteration.
|
|
* @stable ICU 2.0
|
|
*/
|
|
virtual void getText(UnicodeString& result) = 0;
|
|
|
|
protected:
|
|
/**
|
|
* Empty constructor.
|
|
* @stable ICU 2.0
|
|
*/
|
|
CharacterIterator();
|
|
|
|
/**
|
|
* Constructor, just setting the length field in this base class.
|
|
* @stable ICU 2.0
|
|
*/
|
|
CharacterIterator(int32_t length);
|
|
|
|
/**
|
|
* Constructor, just setting the length and position fields in this base class.
|
|
* @stable ICU 2.0
|
|
*/
|
|
CharacterIterator(int32_t length, int32_t position);
|
|
|
|
/**
|
|
* Constructor, just setting the length, start, end, and position fields in this base class.
|
|
* @stable ICU 2.0
|
|
*/
|
|
CharacterIterator(int32_t length, int32_t textBegin, int32_t textEnd, int32_t position);
|
|
|
|
/**
|
|
* Copy constructor.
|
|
*
|
|
* @param that The CharacterIterator to be copied
|
|
* @stable ICU 2.0
|
|
*/
|
|
CharacterIterator(const CharacterIterator &that);
|
|
|
|
/**
|
|
* Assignment operator. Sets this CharacterIterator to have the same behavior,
|
|
* as the one passed in.
|
|
* @param that The CharacterIterator passed in.
|
|
* @return the newly set CharacterIterator.
|
|
* @stable ICU 2.0
|
|
*/
|
|
CharacterIterator &operator=(const CharacterIterator &that);
|
|
|
|
/**
|
|
* Base class text length field.
|
|
* Necessary this for correct getText() and hashCode().
|
|
* @stable ICU 2.0
|
|
*/
|
|
int32_t textLength;
|
|
|
|
/**
|
|
* Base class field for the current position.
|
|
* @stable ICU 2.0
|
|
*/
|
|
int32_t pos;
|
|
|
|
/**
|
|
* Base class field for the start of the iteration range.
|
|
* @stable ICU 2.0
|
|
*/
|
|
int32_t begin;
|
|
|
|
/**
|
|
* Base class field for the end of the iteration range.
|
|
* @stable ICU 2.0
|
|
*/
|
|
int32_t end;
|
|
};
|
|
|
|
inline UBool
|
|
ForwardCharacterIterator::operator!=(const ForwardCharacterIterator& that) const {
|
|
return !operator==(that);
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
inline int32_t
|
|
CharacterIterator::setToStart() {
|
|
return move(0, kStart);
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
inline int32_t
|
|
CharacterIterator::setToEnd() {
|
|
return move(0, kEnd);
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
inline int32_t
|
|
CharacterIterator::startIndex(void) const {
|
|
return begin;
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
inline int32_t
|
|
CharacterIterator::endIndex(void) const {
|
|
return end;
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
inline int32_t
|
|
CharacterIterator::getIndex(void) const {
|
|
return pos;
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
inline int32_t
|
|
CharacterIterator::getLength(void) const {
|
|
return textLength;
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
U_NAMESPACE_END
|
|
#endif
|