skia2/gm/dashing.cpp
Herb Derby c37b386886 Replace SK_ARRAY_COUNT with std::size() for skia/gm
Note: in variedtext.cpp:66 changed static_assert to SkASSERT.

Change-Id: I853a2e5563c90c9dde5d6ba5443cc73b664b493d
Reviewed-on: https://skia-review.googlesource.com/c/skia/+/551876
Commit-Queue: Herb Derby <herb@google.com>
Reviewed-by: John Stiles <johnstiles@google.com>
2022-06-21 18:09:30 +00:00

673 lines
23 KiB
C++

/*
* Copyright 2012 Google Inc.
*
* Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style license that can be
* found in the LICENSE file.
*/
#include "gm/gm.h"
#include "include/core/SkCanvas.h"
#include "include/core/SkColor.h"
#include "include/core/SkFont.h"
#include "include/core/SkMatrix.h"
#include "include/core/SkPaint.h"
#include "include/core/SkPathBuilder.h"
#include "include/core/SkPathEffect.h"
#include "include/core/SkPoint.h"
#include "include/core/SkRect.h"
#include "include/core/SkScalar.h"
#include "include/core/SkSize.h"
#include "include/core/SkString.h"
#include "include/core/SkTypeface.h"
#include "include/core/SkTypes.h"
#include "include/effects/SkDashPathEffect.h"
#include "tools/ToolUtils.h"
#include <math.h>
#include <initializer_list>
static void drawline(SkCanvas* canvas, int on, int off, const SkPaint& paint,
SkScalar finalX = SkIntToScalar(600), SkScalar finalY = SkIntToScalar(0),
SkScalar phase = SkIntToScalar(0),
SkScalar startX = SkIntToScalar(0), SkScalar startY = SkIntToScalar(0)) {
SkPaint p(paint);
const SkScalar intervals[] = {
SkIntToScalar(on),
SkIntToScalar(off),
};
p.setPathEffect(SkDashPathEffect::Make(intervals, 2, phase));
canvas->drawLine(startX, startY, finalX, finalY, p);
}
// earlier bug stopped us from drawing very long single-segment dashes, because
// SkPathMeasure was skipping very small delta-T values (nearlyzero). This is
// now fixes, so this giant dash should appear.
static void show_giant_dash(SkCanvas* canvas) {
SkPaint paint;
drawline(canvas, 1, 1, paint, SkIntToScalar(20 * 1000));
}
static void show_zero_len_dash(SkCanvas* canvas) {
SkPaint paint;
drawline(canvas, 2, 2, paint, SkIntToScalar(0));
paint.setStroke(true);
paint.setStrokeWidth(SkIntToScalar(2));
canvas->translate(0, SkIntToScalar(20));
drawline(canvas, 4, 4, paint, SkIntToScalar(0));
}
class DashingGM : public skiagm::GM {
SkString onShortName() override { return SkString("dashing"); }
SkISize onISize() override { return {640, 340}; }
void onDraw(SkCanvas* canvas) override {
struct Intervals {
int fOnInterval;
int fOffInterval;
};
SkPaint paint;
paint.setStroke(true);
canvas->translate(SkIntToScalar(20), SkIntToScalar(20));
canvas->translate(0, SK_ScalarHalf);
for (int width = 0; width <= 2; ++width) {
for (const Intervals& data : {Intervals{1, 1},
Intervals{4, 1}}) {
for (bool aa : {false, true}) {
int w = width * width * width;
paint.setAntiAlias(aa);
paint.setStrokeWidth(SkIntToScalar(w));
int scale = w ? w : 1;
drawline(canvas, data.fOnInterval * scale, data.fOffInterval * scale,
paint);
canvas->translate(0, SkIntToScalar(20));
}
}
}
show_giant_dash(canvas);
canvas->translate(0, SkIntToScalar(20));
show_zero_len_dash(canvas);
canvas->translate(0, SkIntToScalar(20));
// Draw 0 on, 0 off dashed line
paint.setStrokeWidth(SkIntToScalar(8));
drawline(canvas, 0, 0, paint);
}
};
///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
static SkPath make_unit_star(int n) {
SkScalar rad = -SK_ScalarPI / 2;
const SkScalar drad = (n >> 1) * SK_ScalarPI * 2 / n;
SkPathBuilder b;
b.moveTo(0, -SK_Scalar1);
for (int i = 1; i < n; i++) {
rad += drad;
b.lineTo(SkScalarCos(rad), SkScalarSin(rad));
}
return b.close().detach();
}
static SkPath make_path_line(const SkRect& bounds) {
return SkPathBuilder().moveTo(bounds.left(), bounds.top())
.lineTo(bounds.right(), bounds.bottom())
.detach();
}
static SkPath make_path_rect(const SkRect& bounds) {
return SkPath::Rect(bounds);
}
static SkPath make_path_oval(const SkRect& bounds) {
return SkPath::Oval(bounds);
}
static SkPath make_path_star(const SkRect& bounds) {
SkPath path = make_unit_star(5);
SkMatrix matrix = SkMatrix::RectToRect(path.getBounds(), bounds, SkMatrix::kCenter_ScaleToFit);
return path.makeTransform(matrix);
}
class Dashing2GM : public skiagm::GM {
SkString onShortName() override { return SkString("dashing2"); }
SkISize onISize() override { return {640, 480}; }
void onDraw(SkCanvas* canvas) override {
constexpr int gIntervals[] = {
3, // 3 dashes: each count [0] followed by intervals [1..count]
2, 10, 10,
4, 20, 5, 5, 5,
2, 2, 2
};
SkPath (*gProc[])(const SkRect&) = {
make_path_line, make_path_rect, make_path_oval, make_path_star,
};
SkPaint paint;
paint.setAntiAlias(true);
paint.setStroke(true);
paint.setStrokeWidth(SkIntToScalar(6));
SkRect bounds = SkRect::MakeWH(SkIntToScalar(120), SkIntToScalar(120));
bounds.offset(SkIntToScalar(20), SkIntToScalar(20));
SkScalar dx = bounds.width() * 4 / 3;
SkScalar dy = bounds.height() * 4 / 3;
const int* intervals = &gIntervals[1];
for (int y = 0; y < gIntervals[0]; ++y) {
SkScalar vals[std::size(gIntervals)]; // more than enough
int count = *intervals++;
for (int i = 0; i < count; ++i) {
vals[i] = SkIntToScalar(*intervals++);
}
SkScalar phase = vals[0] / 2;
paint.setPathEffect(SkDashPathEffect::Make(vals, count, phase));
for (size_t x = 0; x < std::size(gProc); ++x) {
SkPath path;
SkRect r = bounds;
r.offset(x * dx, y * dy);
canvas->drawPath(gProc[x](r), paint);
}
}
}
};
//////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
// Test out the on/off line dashing Chrome if fond of
class Dashing3GM : public skiagm::GM {
SkString onShortName() override { return SkString("dashing3"); }
SkISize onISize() override { return {640, 480}; }
// Draw a 100x100 block of dashed lines. The horizontal ones are BW
// while the vertical ones are AA.
void drawDashedLines(SkCanvas* canvas,
SkScalar lineLength,
SkScalar phase,
SkScalar dashLength,
int strokeWidth,
bool circles) {
SkPaint p;
p.setColor(SK_ColorBLACK);
p.setStroke(true);
p.setStrokeWidth(SkIntToScalar(strokeWidth));
if (circles) {
p.setStrokeCap(SkPaint::kRound_Cap);
}
SkScalar intervals[2] = { dashLength, dashLength };
p.setPathEffect(SkDashPathEffect::Make(intervals, 2, phase));
SkPoint pts[2];
for (int y = 0; y < 100; y += 10*strokeWidth) {
pts[0].set(0, SkIntToScalar(y));
pts[1].set(lineLength, SkIntToScalar(y));
canvas->drawPoints(SkCanvas::kLines_PointMode, 2, pts, p);
}
p.setAntiAlias(true);
for (int x = 0; x < 100; x += 14*strokeWidth) {
pts[0].set(SkIntToScalar(x), 0);
pts[1].set(SkIntToScalar(x), lineLength);
canvas->drawPoints(SkCanvas::kLines_PointMode, 2, pts, p);
}
}
void onDraw(SkCanvas* canvas) override {
// 1on/1off 1x1 squares with phase of 0 - points fastpath
canvas->save();
canvas->translate(2, 0);
this->drawDashedLines(canvas, 100, 0, SK_Scalar1, 1, false);
canvas->restore();
// 1on/1off 1x1 squares with phase of .5 - rects fastpath (due to partial squares)
canvas->save();
canvas->translate(112, 0);
this->drawDashedLines(canvas, 100, SK_ScalarHalf, SK_Scalar1, 1, false);
canvas->restore();
// 1on/1off 1x1 squares with phase of 1 - points fastpath
canvas->save();
canvas->translate(222, 0);
this->drawDashedLines(canvas, 100, SK_Scalar1, SK_Scalar1, 1, false);
canvas->restore();
// 1on/1off 1x1 squares with phase of 1 and non-integer length - rects fastpath
canvas->save();
canvas->translate(332, 0);
this->drawDashedLines(canvas, 99.5f, SK_ScalarHalf, SK_Scalar1, 1, false);
canvas->restore();
// 255on/255off 1x1 squares with phase of 0 - rects fast path
canvas->save();
canvas->translate(446, 0);
this->drawDashedLines(canvas, 100, 0, SkIntToScalar(255), 1, false);
canvas->restore();
// 1on/1off 3x3 squares with phase of 0 - points fast path
canvas->save();
canvas->translate(2, 110);
this->drawDashedLines(canvas, 100, 0, SkIntToScalar(3), 3, false);
canvas->restore();
// 1on/1off 3x3 squares with phase of 1.5 - rects fast path
canvas->save();
canvas->translate(112, 110);
this->drawDashedLines(canvas, 100, 1.5f, SkIntToScalar(3), 3, false);
canvas->restore();
// 1on/1off 1x1 circles with phase of 1 - no fast path yet
canvas->save();
canvas->translate(2, 220);
this->drawDashedLines(canvas, 100, SK_Scalar1, SK_Scalar1, 1, true);
canvas->restore();
// 1on/1off 3x3 circles with phase of 1 - no fast path yet
canvas->save();
canvas->translate(112, 220);
this->drawDashedLines(canvas, 100, 0, SkIntToScalar(3), 3, true);
canvas->restore();
// 1on/1off 1x1 squares with rotation - should break fast path
canvas->save();
canvas->translate(332+SK_ScalarRoot2Over2*100, 110+SK_ScalarRoot2Over2*100);
canvas->rotate(45);
canvas->translate(-50, -50);
this->drawDashedLines(canvas, 100, SK_Scalar1, SK_Scalar1, 1, false);
canvas->restore();
// 3on/3off 3x1 rects - should use rect fast path regardless of phase
for (int phase = 0; phase <= 3; ++phase) {
canvas->save();
canvas->translate(SkIntToScalar(phase*110+2),
SkIntToScalar(330));
this->drawDashedLines(canvas, 100, SkIntToScalar(phase), SkIntToScalar(3), 1, false);
canvas->restore();
}
}
};
//////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
class Dashing4GM : public skiagm::GM {
SkString onShortName() override { return SkString("dashing4"); }
SkISize onISize() override { return {640, 1100}; }
void onDraw(SkCanvas* canvas) override {
struct Intervals {
int fOnInterval;
int fOffInterval;
};
SkPaint paint;
paint.setStroke(true);
canvas->translate(SkIntToScalar(20), SkIntToScalar(20));
canvas->translate(SK_ScalarHalf, SK_ScalarHalf);
for (int width = 0; width <= 2; ++width) {
for (const Intervals& data : {Intervals{1, 1},
Intervals{4, 2},
Intervals{0, 4}}) { // test for zero length on interval.
// zero length intervals should draw
// a line of squares or circles
for (bool aa : {false, true}) {
for (auto cap : {SkPaint::kRound_Cap, SkPaint::kSquare_Cap}) {
int w = width * width * width;
paint.setAntiAlias(aa);
paint.setStrokeWidth(SkIntToScalar(w));
paint.setStrokeCap(cap);
int scale = w ? w : 1;
drawline(canvas, data.fOnInterval * scale, data.fOffInterval * scale,
paint);
canvas->translate(0, SkIntToScalar(20));
}
}
}
}
for (int aa = 0; aa <= 1; ++aa) {
paint.setAntiAlias(SkToBool(aa));
paint.setStrokeWidth(8.f);
paint.setStrokeCap(SkPaint::kSquare_Cap);
// Single dash element that is cut off at start and end
drawline(canvas, 32, 16, paint, 20.f, 0, 5.f);
canvas->translate(0, SkIntToScalar(20));
// Two dash elements where each one is cut off at beginning and end respectively
drawline(canvas, 32, 16, paint, 56.f, 0, 5.f);
canvas->translate(0, SkIntToScalar(20));
// Many dash elements where first and last are cut off at beginning and end respectively
drawline(canvas, 32, 16, paint, 584.f, 0, 5.f);
canvas->translate(0, SkIntToScalar(20));
// Diagonal dash line where src pnts are not axis aligned (as apposed to being diagonal from
// a canvas rotation)
drawline(canvas, 32, 16, paint, 600.f, 30.f);
canvas->translate(0, SkIntToScalar(20));
// Case where only the off interval exists on the line. Thus nothing should be drawn
drawline(canvas, 32, 16, paint, 8.f, 0.f, 40.f);
canvas->translate(0, SkIntToScalar(20));
}
// Test overlapping circles.
canvas->translate(SkIntToScalar(5), SkIntToScalar(20));
paint.setAntiAlias(true);
paint.setStrokeCap(SkPaint::kRound_Cap);
paint.setColor(0x44000000);
paint.setStrokeWidth(40);
drawline(canvas, 0, 30, paint);
canvas->translate(0, SkIntToScalar(50));
paint.setStrokeCap(SkPaint::kSquare_Cap);
drawline(canvas, 0, 30, paint);
// Test we draw the cap when the line length is zero.
canvas->translate(0, SkIntToScalar(50));
paint.setStrokeCap(SkPaint::kRound_Cap);
paint.setColor(0xFF000000);
paint.setStrokeWidth(11);
drawline(canvas, 0, 30, paint, 0);
canvas->translate(SkIntToScalar(100), 0);
drawline(canvas, 1, 30, paint, 0);
}
};
//////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
class Dashing5GM : public skiagm::GM {
public:
Dashing5GM(bool doAA) : fDoAA(doAA) {}
private:
bool runAsBench() const override { return true; }
SkString onShortName() override { return SkString(fDoAA ? "dashing5_aa" : "dashing5_bw"); }
SkISize onISize() override { return {400, 200}; }
void onDraw(SkCanvas* canvas) override {
constexpr int kOn = 4;
constexpr int kOff = 4;
constexpr int kIntervalLength = kOn + kOff;
constexpr SkColor gColors[kIntervalLength] = {
SK_ColorRED,
SK_ColorGREEN,
SK_ColorBLUE,
SK_ColorCYAN,
SK_ColorMAGENTA,
SK_ColorYELLOW,
SK_ColorGRAY,
SK_ColorDKGRAY
};
SkPaint paint;
paint.setStroke(true);
paint.setAntiAlias(fDoAA);
SkMatrix rot;
rot.setRotate(90);
SkASSERT(rot.rectStaysRect());
canvas->concat(rot);
int sign; // used to toggle the direction of the lines
int phase = 0;
for (int x = 0; x < 200; x += 10) {
paint.setStrokeWidth(SkIntToScalar(phase+1));
paint.setColor(gColors[phase]);
sign = (x % 20) ? 1 : -1;
drawline(canvas, kOn, kOff, paint,
SkIntToScalar(x), -sign * SkIntToScalar(10003),
SkIntToScalar(phase),
SkIntToScalar(x), sign * SkIntToScalar(10003));
phase = (phase + 1) % kIntervalLength;
}
for (int y = -400; y < 0; y += 10) {
paint.setStrokeWidth(SkIntToScalar(phase+1));
paint.setColor(gColors[phase]);
sign = (y % 20) ? 1 : -1;
drawline(canvas, kOn, kOff, paint,
-sign * SkIntToScalar(10003), SkIntToScalar(y),
SkIntToScalar(phase),
sign * SkIntToScalar(10003), SkIntToScalar(y));
phase = (phase + 1) % kIntervalLength;
}
}
private:
bool fDoAA;
};
DEF_SIMPLE_GM(longpathdash, canvas, 612, 612) {
SkPath lines;
for (int x = 32; x < 256; x += 16) {
for (SkScalar a = 0; a < 3.141592f * 2; a += 0.03141592f) {
SkPoint pts[2] = {
{ 256 + (float) sin(a) * x,
256 + (float) cos(a) * x },
{ 256 + (float) sin(a + 3.141592 / 3) * (x + 64),
256 + (float) cos(a + 3.141592 / 3) * (x + 64) }
};
lines.moveTo(pts[0]);
for (SkScalar i = 0; i < 1; i += 0.05f) {
lines.lineTo(pts[0].fX * (1 - i) + pts[1].fX * i,
pts[0].fY * (1 - i) + pts[1].fY * i);
}
}
}
SkPaint p;
p.setAntiAlias(true);
p.setStroke(true);
p.setStrokeWidth(1);
const SkScalar intervals[] = { 1, 1 };
p.setPathEffect(SkDashPathEffect::Make(intervals, std::size(intervals), 0));
canvas->translate(50, 50);
canvas->drawPath(lines, p);
}
DEF_SIMPLE_GM(longlinedash, canvas, 512, 512) {
SkPaint p;
p.setAntiAlias(true);
p.setStroke(true);
p.setStrokeWidth(80);
const SkScalar intervals[] = { 2, 2 };
p.setPathEffect(SkDashPathEffect::Make(intervals, std::size(intervals), 0));
canvas->drawRect(SkRect::MakeXYWH(-10000, 100, 20000, 20), p);
}
DEF_SIMPLE_GM(dashbigrects, canvas, 256, 256) {
SkRandom rand;
constexpr int kHalfStrokeWidth = 8;
constexpr int kOnOffInterval = 2*kHalfStrokeWidth;
canvas->clear(SkColors::kBlack);
SkPaint p;
p.setAntiAlias(true);
p.setStroke(true);
p.setStrokeWidth(2*kHalfStrokeWidth);
p.setStrokeCap(SkPaint::kButt_Cap);
constexpr SkScalar intervals[] = { kOnOffInterval, kOnOffInterval };
p.setPathEffect(SkDashPathEffect::Make(intervals, std::size(intervals), 0));
constexpr float gWidthHeights[] = {
1000000000.0f * kOnOffInterval + kOnOffInterval/2.0f,
1000000.0f * kOnOffInterval + kOnOffInterval/2.0f,
1000.0f * kOnOffInterval + kOnOffInterval/2.0f,
100.0f * kOnOffInterval + kOnOffInterval/2.0f,
10.0f * kOnOffInterval + kOnOffInterval/2.0f,
9.0f * kOnOffInterval + kOnOffInterval/2.0f,
8.0f * kOnOffInterval + kOnOffInterval/2.0f,
7.0f * kOnOffInterval + kOnOffInterval/2.0f,
6.0f * kOnOffInterval + kOnOffInterval/2.0f,
5.0f * kOnOffInterval + kOnOffInterval/2.0f,
4.0f * kOnOffInterval + kOnOffInterval/2.0f,
};
for (size_t i = 0; i < std::size(gWidthHeights); ++i) {
p.setColor(ToolUtils::color_to_565(rand.nextU() | (0xFF << 24)));
int offset = 2 * i * kHalfStrokeWidth + kHalfStrokeWidth;
canvas->drawRect(SkRect::MakeXYWH(offset, offset, gWidthHeights[i], gWidthHeights[i]), p);
}
}
DEF_SIMPLE_GM(longwavyline, canvas, 512, 512) {
SkPaint p;
p.setAntiAlias(true);
p.setStroke(true);
p.setStrokeWidth(2);
SkPath wavy;
wavy.moveTo(-10000, 100);
for (SkScalar i = -10000; i < 10000; i += 20) {
wavy.quadTo(i + 5, 95, i + 10, 100);
wavy.quadTo(i + 15, 105, i + 20, 100);
}
canvas->drawPath(wavy, p);
}
DEF_SIMPLE_GM(dashtextcaps, canvas, 512, 512) {
SkPaint p;
p.setAntiAlias(true);
p.setStroke(true);
p.setStrokeWidth(10);
p.setStrokeCap(SkPaint::kRound_Cap);
p.setStrokeJoin(SkPaint::kRound_Join);
p.setARGB(0xff, 0xbb, 0x00, 0x00);
SkFont font(ToolUtils::create_portable_typeface(), 100);
const SkScalar intervals[] = { 12, 12 };
p.setPathEffect(SkDashPathEffect::Make(intervals, std::size(intervals), 0));
canvas->drawString("Sausages", 10, 90, font, p);
canvas->drawLine(8, 120, 456, 120, p);
}
DEF_SIMPLE_GM(dash_line_zero_off_interval, canvas, 160, 330) {
static constexpr SkScalar kIntervals[] = {5.f, 0.f, 2.f, 0.f};
SkPaint dashPaint;
dashPaint.setPathEffect(SkDashPathEffect::Make(kIntervals, std::size(kIntervals), 0.f));
SkASSERT(dashPaint.getPathEffect());
dashPaint.setStroke(true);
dashPaint.setStrokeWidth(20.f);
static constexpr struct {
SkPoint fA, fB;
} kLines[] = {{{0.5f, 0.5f}, {30.5f, 0.5f}}, // horizontal
{{0.5f, 0.5f}, {0.5f, 30.5f}}, // vertical
{{0.5f, 0.5f}, {0.5f, 0.5f}}, // point
{{0.5f, 0.5f}, {25.5f, 25.5f}}}; // diagonal
SkScalar pad = 5.f + dashPaint.getStrokeWidth();
canvas->translate(pad / 2.f, pad / 2.f);
canvas->save();
SkScalar h = 0.f;
for (const auto& line : kLines) {
h = std::max(h, SkScalarAbs(line.fA.fY - line.fB.fY));
}
for (const auto& line : kLines) {
SkScalar w = SkScalarAbs(line.fA.fX - line.fB.fX);
for (auto cap : {SkPaint::kButt_Cap, SkPaint::kSquare_Cap, SkPaint::kRound_Cap}) {
dashPaint.setStrokeCap(cap);
for (auto aa : {false, true}) {
dashPaint.setAntiAlias(aa);
canvas->drawLine(line.fA, line.fB, dashPaint);
canvas->translate(0.f, pad + h);
}
}
canvas->restore();
canvas->translate(pad + w, 0.f);
canvas->save();
}
}
DEF_SIMPLE_GM(thin_aa_dash_lines, canvas, 330, 110) {
SkPaint paint;
static constexpr SkScalar kScale = 100.f;
static constexpr SkScalar kIntervals[] = {10/kScale, 5/kScale};
paint.setPathEffect(SkDashPathEffect::Make(kIntervals, std::size(kIntervals), 0.f));
paint.setAntiAlias(true);
paint.setStrokeWidth(0.25f/kScale);
// substep moves the subpixel offset every iteration.
static constexpr SkScalar kSubstep = 0.05f/kScale;
// We will draw a grid of horiz/vertical lines that pass through each other's off intervals.
static constexpr SkScalar kStep = kIntervals[0] + kIntervals[1];
canvas->scale(kScale, kScale);
canvas->translate(kIntervals[1], kIntervals[1]);
for (auto c : {SkPaint::kButt_Cap, SkPaint::kSquare_Cap, SkPaint::kRound_Cap}) {
paint.setStrokeCap(c);
for (SkScalar x = -.5f*kIntervals[1]; x < 105/kScale; x += (kStep + kSubstep)) {
canvas->drawLine({x, 0}, {x, 100/kScale}, paint);
canvas->drawLine({0, x}, {100/kScale, x}, paint);
}
canvas->translate(110/kScale, 0);
}
}
DEF_SIMPLE_GM(path_effect_empty_result, canvas, 100, 100) {
SkPaint p;
p.setStroke(true);
p.setStrokeWidth(1);
SkPath path;
float r = 70;
float l = 70;
float t = 70;
float b = 70;
path.moveTo(l, t);
path.lineTo(r, t);
path.lineTo(r, b);
path.lineTo(l, b);
path.close();
float dashes[] = {2.f, 2.f};
p.setPathEffect(SkDashPathEffect::Make(dashes, 2, 0.f));
canvas->drawPath(path, p);
}
//////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
DEF_GM(return new DashingGM;)
DEF_GM(return new Dashing2GM;)
DEF_GM(return new Dashing3GM;)
DEF_GM(return new Dashing4GM;)
DEF_GM(return new Dashing5GM(true);)
DEF_GM(return new Dashing5GM(false);)