v8/test/cctest/wasm/test-run-wasm-module.cc

// Copyright 2015 the V8 project authors. All rights reserved.
// Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style license that can be
// found in the LICENSE file.

#include <stdlib.h>
#include <string.h>

#include "src/wasm/module-decoder.h"
#include "src/wasm/wasm-macro-gen.h"
#include "src/wasm/wasm-module-builder.h"
#include "src/wasm/wasm-module.h"
#include "src/wasm/wasm-opcodes.h"

#include "test/cctest/cctest.h"
#include "test/common/wasm/test-signatures.h"
#include "test/common/wasm/wasm-module-runner.h"

using namespace v8::base;
using namespace v8::internal;
using namespace v8::internal::compiler;
using namespace v8::internal::wasm;

namespace {
void TestModule(Zone* zone, WasmModuleBuilder* builder,
                int32_t expected_result) {
  ZoneBuffer buffer(zone);
  builder->WriteTo(buffer);

  Isolate* isolate = CcTest::InitIsolateOnce();
  HandleScope scope(isolate);
  testing::SetupIsolateForWasmModule(isolate);
  int32_t result = testing::CompileAndRunWasmModule(
      isolate, buffer.begin(), buffer.end(), ModuleOrigin::kWasmOrigin);
  CHECK_EQ(expected_result, result);
}

void TestModuleException(Zone* zone, WasmModuleBuilder* builder) {
  ZoneBuffer buffer(zone);
  builder->WriteTo(buffer);

  Isolate* isolate = CcTest::InitIsolateOnce();
  HandleScope scope(isolate);
  testing::SetupIsolateForWasmModule(isolate);
  v8::TryCatch try_catch(reinterpret_cast<v8::Isolate*>(isolate));
  testing::CompileAndRunWasmModule(isolate, buffer.begin(), buffer.end(),
                                   ModuleOrigin::kWasmOrigin);
  CHECK(try_catch.HasCaught());
  isolate->clear_pending_exception();
}

void ExportAsMain(WasmFunctionBuilder* f) { f->ExportAs(CStrVector("main")); }

}  // namespace

TEST(Run_WasmModule_Return114) {
  static const int32_t kReturnValue = 114;
  TestSignatures sigs;
  v8::internal::AccountingAllocator allocator;
  Zone zone(&allocator);

  WasmModuleBuilder* builder = new (&zone) WasmModuleBuilder(&zone);
  WasmFunctionBuilder* f = builder->AddFunction(sigs.i_v());
  ExportAsMain(f);
  byte code[] = {WASM_I8(kReturnValue)};
  f->EmitCode(code, sizeof(code));
  TestModule(&zone, builder, kReturnValue);
}

TEST(Run_WasmModule_CallAdd) {
  v8::internal::AccountingAllocator allocator;
  Zone zone(&allocator);
  TestSignatures sigs;

  WasmModuleBuilder* builder = new (&zone) WasmModuleBuilder(&zone);

  WasmFunctionBuilder* f1 = builder->AddFunction(sigs.i_ii());
  uint16_t param1 = 0;
  uint16_t param2 = 1;
  byte code1[] = {WASM_I32_ADD(WASM_GET_LOCAL(param1), WASM_GET_LOCAL(param2))};
  f1->EmitCode(code1, sizeof(code1));

  WasmFunctionBuilder* f2 = builder->AddFunction(sigs.i_v());

  ExportAsMain(f2);
  byte code2[] = {
      WASM_CALL_FUNCTION(f1->func_index(), WASM_I8(77), WASM_I8(22))};
  f2->EmitCode(code2, sizeof(code2));
  TestModule(&zone, builder, 99);
}

TEST(Run_WasmModule_ReadLoadedDataSegment) {
  static const byte kDataSegmentDest0 = 12;
  v8::internal::AccountingAllocator allocator;
  Zone zone(&allocator);
  TestSignatures sigs;

  WasmModuleBuilder* builder = new (&zone) WasmModuleBuilder(&zone);
  WasmFunctionBuilder* f = builder->AddFunction(sigs.i_v());

  ExportAsMain(f);
  byte code[] = {
      WASM_LOAD_MEM(MachineType::Int32(), WASM_I8(kDataSegmentDest0))};
  f->EmitCode(code, sizeof(code));
  byte data[] = {0xaa, 0xbb, 0xcc, 0xdd};
  builder->AddDataSegment(data, sizeof(data), kDataSegmentDest0);
  TestModule(&zone, builder, 0xddccbbaa);
}

TEST(Run_WasmModule_CheckMemoryIsZero) {
  static const int kCheckSize = 16 * 1024;
  v8::internal::AccountingAllocator allocator;
  Zone zone(&allocator);
  TestSignatures sigs;

  WasmModuleBuilder* builder = new (&zone) WasmModuleBuilder(&zone);
  WasmFunctionBuilder* f = builder->AddFunction(sigs.i_v());

  uint16_t localIndex = f->AddLocal(kAstI32);
  ExportAsMain(f);
  byte code[] = {WASM_BLOCK_I(
      WASM_WHILE(
          WASM_I32_LTS(WASM_GET_LOCAL(localIndex), WASM_I32V_3(kCheckSize)),
          WASM_IF_ELSE(
              WASM_LOAD_MEM(MachineType::Int32(), WASM_GET_LOCAL(localIndex)),
              WASM_BRV(3, WASM_I8(-1)), WASM_INC_LOCAL_BY(localIndex, 4))),
      WASM_I8(11))};
  f->EmitCode(code, sizeof(code));
  TestModule(&zone, builder, 11);
}

TEST(Run_WasmModule_CallMain_recursive) {
  v8::internal::AccountingAllocator allocator;
  Zone zone(&allocator);
  TestSignatures sigs;

  WasmModuleBuilder* builder = new (&zone) WasmModuleBuilder(&zone);
  WasmFunctionBuilder* f = builder->AddFunction(sigs.i_v());

  uint16_t localIndex = f->AddLocal(kAstI32);
  ExportAsMain(f);
  byte code[] = {
      WASM_SET_LOCAL(localIndex,
                     WASM_LOAD_MEM(MachineType::Int32(), WASM_ZERO)),
      WASM_IF_ELSE_I(WASM_I32_LTS(WASM_GET_LOCAL(localIndex), WASM_I8(5)),
                     WASM_SEQ(WASM_STORE_MEM(MachineType::Int32(), WASM_ZERO,
                                             WASM_INC_LOCAL(localIndex)),
                              WASM_CALL_FUNCTION0(0)),
                     WASM_I8(55))};
  f->EmitCode(code, sizeof(code));
  TestModule(&zone, builder, 55);
}

TEST(Run_WasmModule_Global) {
  v8::internal::AccountingAllocator allocator;
  Zone zone(&allocator);
  TestSignatures sigs;

  WasmModuleBuilder* builder = new (&zone) WasmModuleBuilder(&zone);
  uint32_t global1 = builder->AddGlobal(kAstI32, 0);
  uint32_t global2 = builder->AddGlobal(kAstI32, 0);
  WasmFunctionBuilder* f1 = builder->AddFunction(sigs.i_v());
  byte code1[] = {
      WASM_I32_ADD(WASM_GET_GLOBAL(global1), WASM_GET_GLOBAL(global2))};
  f1->EmitCode(code1, sizeof(code1));
  WasmFunctionBuilder* f2 = builder->AddFunction(sigs.i_v());
  ExportAsMain(f2);
  byte code2[] = {WASM_SET_GLOBAL(global1, WASM_I32V_1(56)),
                  WASM_SET_GLOBAL(global2, WASM_I32V_1(41)),
                  WASM_RETURN1(WASM_CALL_FUNCTION0(f1->func_index()))};
  f2->EmitCode(code2, sizeof(code2));
  TestModule(&zone, builder, 97);
}

TEST(Run_WasmModule_Serialization) {
  static const char* kFunctionName = "increment";
  v8::internal::AccountingAllocator allocator;
  Zone zone(&allocator);

  WasmModuleBuilder* builder = new (&zone) WasmModuleBuilder(&zone);
  TestSignatures sigs;

  WasmFunctionBuilder* f = builder->AddFunction(sigs.i_i());
  byte code[] = {WASM_GET_LOCAL(0), kExprI32Const, 1, kExprI32Add};
  f->EmitCode(code, sizeof(code));
  f->ExportAs(CStrVector(kFunctionName));

  ZoneBuffer buffer(&zone);
  builder->WriteTo(buffer);

  Isolate* isolate = CcTest::InitIsolateOnce();
  ErrorThrower thrower(isolate, "");
  uint8_t* bytes = nullptr;
  size_t bytes_size = 0;
  v8::WasmCompiledModule::SerializedModule data;
  {
    HandleScope scope(isolate);
    testing::SetupIsolateForWasmModule(isolate);

    ModuleResult decoding_result = DecodeWasmModule(
        isolate, &zone, buffer.begin(), buffer.end(), false, kWasmOrigin);
    std::unique_ptr<const WasmModule> module(decoding_result.val);
    CHECK(!decoding_result.failed());

    MaybeHandle<WasmCompiledModule> compiled_module =
        module->CompileFunctions(isolate, &thrower);
    CHECK(!compiled_module.is_null());
    Handle<JSObject> module_obj = CreateCompiledModuleObject(
        isolate, compiled_module.ToHandleChecked(), ModuleOrigin::kWasmOrigin);
    v8::Local<v8::Object> v8_module_obj = v8::Utils::ToLocal(module_obj);
    CHECK(v8_module_obj->IsWebAssemblyCompiledModule());

    v8::Local<v8::WasmCompiledModule> v8_compiled_module =
        v8_module_obj.As<v8::WasmCompiledModule>();
    v8::Local<v8::String> uncompiled_bytes =
        v8_compiled_module->GetWasmWireBytes();
    bytes_size = static_cast<size_t>(uncompiled_bytes->Length());
    bytes = zone.NewArray<uint8_t>(uncompiled_bytes->Length());
    uncompiled_bytes->WriteOneByte(bytes);
    data = v8_compiled_module->Serialize();
  }

  v8::WasmCompiledModule::CallerOwnedBuffer wire_bytes = {
      const_cast<const uint8_t*>(bytes), bytes_size};

  v8::WasmCompiledModule::CallerOwnedBuffer serialized_bytes = {
      data.first.get(), data.second};
  v8::Isolate::CreateParams create_params;
  create_params.array_buffer_allocator =
      CcTest::InitIsolateOnce()->array_buffer_allocator();

  for (int i = 0; i < 2; ++i) {
    v8::Isolate* v8_isolate = v8::Isolate::New(create_params);
    if (i == 1) {
      // Provide no serialized data to force recompilation.
      serialized_bytes.first = nullptr;
      serialized_bytes.second = 0;
    }
    {
      v8::Isolate::Scope isolate_scope(v8_isolate);
      v8::HandleScope new_scope(v8_isolate);
      v8::Local<v8::Context> new_ctx = v8::Context::New(v8_isolate);
      new_ctx->Enter();
      isolate = reinterpret_cast<Isolate*>(v8_isolate);
      testing::SetupIsolateForWasmModule(isolate);
      v8::MaybeLocal<v8::WasmCompiledModule> deserialized =
          v8::WasmCompiledModule::DeserializeOrCompile(
              v8_isolate, serialized_bytes, wire_bytes);
      v8::Local<v8::WasmCompiledModule> compiled_module;
      CHECK(deserialized.ToLocal(&compiled_module));
      Handle<JSObject> module_object =
          Handle<JSObject>::cast(v8::Utils::OpenHandle(*compiled_module));
      Handle<JSObject> instance =
          WasmModule::Instantiate(isolate, &thrower, module_object,
                                  Handle<JSReceiver>::null(),
                                  Handle<JSArrayBuffer>::null())
              .ToHandleChecked();
      Handle<Object> params[1] = {Handle<Object>(Smi::FromInt(41), isolate)};
      int32_t result = testing::CallWasmFunctionForTesting(
          isolate, instance, &thrower, kFunctionName, 1, params,
          ModuleOrigin::kWasmOrigin);
      CHECK(result == 42);
      new_ctx->Exit();
    }
    v8_isolate->Dispose();
  }
}

TEST(MemorySize) {
  // Initial memory size is 16, see wasm-module-builder.cc
  static const int kExpectedValue = 16;
  TestSignatures sigs;
  v8::internal::AccountingAllocator allocator;
  Zone zone(&allocator);

  WasmModuleBuilder* builder = new (&zone) WasmModuleBuilder(&zone);
  WasmFunctionBuilder* f = builder->AddFunction(sigs.i_v());
  ExportAsMain(f);
  byte code[] = {WASM_MEMORY_SIZE};
  f->EmitCode(code, sizeof(code));
  TestModule(&zone, builder, kExpectedValue);
}

TEST(Run_WasmModule_MemSize_GrowMem) {
  // Initial memory size = 16 + GrowMemory(10)
  static const int kExpectedValue = 26;
  TestSignatures sigs;
  v8::internal::AccountingAllocator allocator;
  Zone zone(&allocator);

  WasmModuleBuilder* builder = new (&zone) WasmModuleBuilder(&zone);
  WasmFunctionBuilder* f = builder->AddFunction(sigs.i_v());
  ExportAsMain(f);
  byte code[] = {WASM_GROW_MEMORY(WASM_I8(10)), WASM_DROP, WASM_MEMORY_SIZE};
  f->EmitCode(code, sizeof(code));
  TestModule(&zone, builder, kExpectedValue);
}

TEST(GrowMemoryZero) {
  // Initial memory size is 16, see wasm-module-builder.cc
  static const int kExpectedValue = 16;
  TestSignatures sigs;
  v8::internal::AccountingAllocator allocator;
  Zone zone(&allocator);

  WasmModuleBuilder* builder = new (&zone) WasmModuleBuilder(&zone);
  WasmFunctionBuilder* f = builder->AddFunction(sigs.i_v());
  ExportAsMain(f);
  byte code[] = {WASM_GROW_MEMORY(WASM_I32V(0))};
  f->EmitCode(code, sizeof(code));
  TestModule(&zone, builder, kExpectedValue);
}

class InterruptThread : public v8::base::Thread {
 public:
  explicit InterruptThread(Isolate* isolate, int32_t* memory)
      : Thread(Options("TestInterruptLoop")),
        isolate_(isolate),
        memory_(memory) {}

  static void OnInterrupt(v8::Isolate* isolate, void* data) {
    int32_t* m = reinterpret_cast<int32_t*>(data);
    // Set the interrupt location to 0 to break the loop in {TestInterruptLoop}.
    m[interrupt_location_] = interrupt_value_;
  }

  virtual void Run() {
    // Wait for the main thread to write the signal value.
    while (memory_[0] != signal_value_) {
    }
    isolate_->RequestInterrupt(&OnInterrupt, const_cast<int32_t*>(memory_));
  }

  Isolate* isolate_;
  volatile int32_t* memory_;
  static const int32_t interrupt_location_ = 10;
  static const int32_t interrupt_value_ = 154;
  static const int32_t signal_value_ = 1221;
};

TEST(TestInterruptLoop) {
  // This test tests that WebAssembly loops can be interrupted, i.e. that if an
  // InterruptCallback is registered by {Isolate::RequestInterrupt}, then the
  // InterruptCallback is eventually called even if a loop in WebAssembly code
  // is executed.
  // Test setup:
  // The main thread executes a WebAssembly function with a loop. In the loop
  // {signal_value_} is written to memory to signal a helper thread that the
  // main thread reached the loop in the WebAssembly program. When the helper
  // thread reads {signal_value_} from memory, it registers the
  // InterruptCallback. Upon exeution, the InterruptCallback write into the
  // WebAssemblyMemory to end the loop in the WebAssembly program.
  TestSignatures sigs;
  Isolate* isolate = CcTest::InitIsolateOnce();
  v8::internal::AccountingAllocator allocator;
  Zone zone(&allocator);

  WasmModuleBuilder* builder = new (&zone) WasmModuleBuilder(&zone);
  WasmFunctionBuilder* f = builder->AddFunction(sigs.i_v());
  ExportAsMain(f);
  byte code[] = {WASM_LOOP(WASM_IFB(
                     WASM_NOT(WASM_LOAD_MEM(
                         MachineType::Int32(),
                         WASM_I32V(InterruptThread::interrupt_location_ * 4))),
                     WASM_STORE_MEM(MachineType::Int32(), WASM_ZERO,
                                    WASM_I32V(InterruptThread::signal_value_)),
                     WASM_BR(1))),
                 WASM_I32V(121)};
  f->EmitCode(code, sizeof(code));
  ZoneBuffer buffer(&zone);
  builder->WriteTo(buffer);

  HandleScope scope(isolate);
  testing::SetupIsolateForWasmModule(isolate);
  ErrorThrower thrower(isolate, "Test");
  const Handle<JSObject> instance =
      testing::CompileInstantiateWasmModuleForTesting(
          isolate, &thrower, &zone, buffer.begin(), buffer.end(),
          ModuleOrigin::kWasmOrigin);
  CHECK(!instance.is_null());

  MaybeHandle<JSArrayBuffer> maybe_memory =
      GetInstanceMemory(isolate, instance);
  Handle<JSArrayBuffer> memory = maybe_memory.ToHandleChecked();
  int32_t* memory_array = reinterpret_cast<int32_t*>(memory->backing_store());

  InterruptThread thread(isolate, memory_array);
  thread.Start();
  testing::RunWasmModuleForTesting(isolate, instance, 0, nullptr,
                                   ModuleOrigin::kWasmOrigin);
  CHECK_EQ(InterruptThread::interrupt_value_,
           memory_array[InterruptThread::interrupt_location_]);
}

TEST(Run_WasmModule_GrowMemoryInIf) {
  TestSignatures sigs;
  v8::internal::AccountingAllocator allocator;
  Zone zone(&allocator);
  WasmModuleBuilder* builder = new (&zone) WasmModuleBuilder(&zone);
  WasmFunctionBuilder* f = builder->AddFunction(sigs.i_v());
  ExportAsMain(f);
  byte code[] = {WASM_IF_ELSE_I(WASM_I32V(0), WASM_GROW_MEMORY(WASM_I32V(1)),
                                WASM_I32V(12))};
  f->EmitCode(code, sizeof(code));
  TestModule(&zone, builder, 12);
}

TEST(Run_WasmModule_GrowMemOobOffset) {
  static const int kPageSize = 0x10000;
  // Initial memory size = 16 + GrowMemory(10)
  static const int index = kPageSize * 17 + 4;
  int value = 0xaced;
  TestSignatures sigs;
  v8::internal::AccountingAllocator allocator;
  Zone zone(&allocator);

  WasmModuleBuilder* builder = new (&zone) WasmModuleBuilder(&zone);
  WasmFunctionBuilder* f = builder->AddFunction(sigs.i_v());
  ExportAsMain(f);
  byte code[] = {
      WASM_GROW_MEMORY(WASM_I8(1)),
      WASM_STORE_MEM(MachineType::Int32(), WASM_I32V(index), WASM_I32V(value))};
  f->EmitCode(code, sizeof(code));
  TestModuleException(&zone, builder);
}

TEST(Run_WasmModule_GrowMemOobFixedIndex) {
  static const int kPageSize = 0x10000;
  // Initial memory size = 16 + GrowMemory(10)
  static const int index = kPageSize * 26 + 4;
  int value = 0xaced;
  TestSignatures sigs;
  Isolate* isolate = CcTest::InitIsolateOnce();
  Zone zone(isolate->allocator());

  WasmModuleBuilder* builder = new (&zone) WasmModuleBuilder(&zone);
  WasmFunctionBuilder* f = builder->AddFunction(sigs.i_i());
  ExportAsMain(f);
  byte code[] = {
      WASM_GROW_MEMORY(WASM_GET_LOCAL(0)), WASM_DROP,
      WASM_STORE_MEM(MachineType::Int32(), WASM_I32V(index), WASM_I32V(value)),
      WASM_LOAD_MEM(MachineType::Int32(), WASM_I32V(index))};
  f->EmitCode(code, sizeof(code));

  HandleScope scope(isolate);
  ZoneBuffer buffer(&zone);
  builder->WriteTo(buffer);
  testing::SetupIsolateForWasmModule(isolate);

  ErrorThrower thrower(isolate, "Test");
  Handle<JSObject> instance = testing::CompileInstantiateWasmModuleForTesting(
      isolate, &thrower, &zone, buffer.begin(), buffer.end(),
      ModuleOrigin::kWasmOrigin);
  CHECK(!instance.is_null());

  // Initial memory size is 16 pages, should trap till index > MemSize on
  // consecutive GrowMem calls
  for (uint32_t i = 1; i < 5; i++) {
    Handle<Object> params[1] = {Handle<Object>(Smi::FromInt(i), isolate)};
    v8::TryCatch try_catch(reinterpret_cast<v8::Isolate*>(isolate));
    testing::RunWasmModuleForTesting(isolate, instance, 1, params,
                                     ModuleOrigin::kWasmOrigin);
    CHECK(try_catch.HasCaught());
    isolate->clear_pending_exception();
  }

  Handle<Object> params[1] = {Handle<Object>(Smi::FromInt(1), isolate)};
  int32_t result = testing::RunWasmModuleForTesting(
      isolate, instance, 1, params, ModuleOrigin::kWasmOrigin);
  CHECK(result == 0xaced);
}

TEST(Run_WasmModule_GrowMemOobVariableIndex) {
  static const int kPageSize = 0x10000;
  int value = 0xaced;
  TestSignatures sigs;
  Isolate* isolate = CcTest::InitIsolateOnce();
  v8::internal::AccountingAllocator allocator;
  Zone zone(&allocator);

  WasmModuleBuilder* builder = new (&zone) WasmModuleBuilder(&zone);
  WasmFunctionBuilder* f = builder->AddFunction(sigs.i_i());
  ExportAsMain(f);
  byte code[] = {
      WASM_GROW_MEMORY(WASM_I8(1)), WASM_DROP,
      WASM_STORE_MEM(MachineType::Int32(), WASM_GET_LOCAL(0), WASM_I32V(value)),
      WASM_LOAD_MEM(MachineType::Int32(), WASM_GET_LOCAL(0))};
  f->EmitCode(code, sizeof(code));

  HandleScope scope(isolate);
  ZoneBuffer buffer(&zone);
  builder->WriteTo(buffer);
  testing::SetupIsolateForWasmModule(isolate);

  ErrorThrower thrower(isolate, "Test");
  Handle<JSObject> instance = testing::CompileInstantiateWasmModuleForTesting(
      isolate, &thrower, &zone, buffer.begin(), buffer.end(),
      ModuleOrigin::kWasmOrigin);

  CHECK(!instance.is_null());

  // Initial memory size is 16 pages, should trap till index > MemSize on
  // consecutive GrowMem calls
  for (int i = 1; i < 5; i++) {
    Handle<Object> params[1] = {
        Handle<Object>(Smi::FromInt((16 + i) * kPageSize - 3), isolate)};
    v8::TryCatch try_catch(reinterpret_cast<v8::Isolate*>(isolate));
    testing::RunWasmModuleForTesting(isolate, instance, 1, params,
                                     ModuleOrigin::kWasmOrigin);
    CHECK(try_catch.HasCaught());
    isolate->clear_pending_exception();
  }

  for (int i = 1; i < 5; i++) {
    Handle<Object> params[1] = {
        Handle<Object>(Smi::FromInt((20 + i) * kPageSize - 4), isolate)};
    int32_t result = testing::RunWasmModuleForTesting(
        isolate, instance, 1, params, ModuleOrigin::kWasmOrigin);
    CHECK(result == 0xaced);
  }

  v8::TryCatch try_catch(reinterpret_cast<v8::Isolate*>(isolate));
  Handle<Object> params[1] = {
      Handle<Object>(Smi::FromInt(25 * kPageSize), isolate)};
  testing::RunWasmModuleForTesting(isolate, instance, 1, params,
                                   ModuleOrigin::kWasmOrigin);
  CHECK(try_catch.HasCaught());
  isolate->clear_pending_exception();
}

TEST(Run_WasmModule_Global_init) {
  v8::internal::AccountingAllocator allocator;
  Zone zone(&allocator);
  TestSignatures sigs;

  WasmModuleBuilder* builder = new (&zone) WasmModuleBuilder(&zone);
  uint32_t global1 =
      builder->AddGlobal(kAstI32, false, false, WasmInitExpr(777777));
  uint32_t global2 =
      builder->AddGlobal(kAstI32, false, false, WasmInitExpr(222222));
  WasmFunctionBuilder* f1 = builder->AddFunction(sigs.i_v());
  byte code[] = {
      WASM_I32_ADD(WASM_GET_GLOBAL(global1), WASM_GET_GLOBAL(global2))};
  f1->EmitCode(code, sizeof(code));
  ExportAsMain(f1);
  TestModule(&zone, builder, 999999);
}

template <typename CType>
static void RunWasmModuleGlobalInitTest(LocalType type, CType expected) {
  v8::internal::AccountingAllocator allocator;
  Zone zone(&allocator);
  TestSignatures sigs;

  LocalType types[] = {type};
  FunctionSig sig(1, 0, types);

  for (int padding = 0; padding < 5; padding++) {
    // Test with a simple initializer
    WasmModuleBuilder* builder = new (&zone) WasmModuleBuilder(&zone);

    for (int i = 0; i < padding; i++) {  // pad global before
      builder->AddGlobal(kAstI32, false, false, WasmInitExpr(i + 20000));
    }
    uint32_t global =
        builder->AddGlobal(type, false, false, WasmInitExpr(expected));
    for (int i = 0; i < padding; i++) {  // pad global after
      builder->AddGlobal(kAstI32, false, false, WasmInitExpr(i + 30000));
    }

    WasmFunctionBuilder* f1 = builder->AddFunction(&sig);
    byte code[] = {WASM_GET_GLOBAL(global)};
    f1->EmitCode(code, sizeof(code));
    ExportAsMain(f1);
    TestModule(&zone, builder, expected);
  }

  for (int padding = 0; padding < 5; padding++) {
    // Test with a global index
    WasmModuleBuilder* builder = new (&zone) WasmModuleBuilder(&zone);
    for (int i = 0; i < padding; i++) {  // pad global before
      builder->AddGlobal(kAstI32, false, false, WasmInitExpr(i + 40000));
    }

    uint32_t global1 =
        builder->AddGlobal(type, false, false, WasmInitExpr(expected));

    for (int i = 0; i < padding; i++) {  // pad global middle
      builder->AddGlobal(kAstI32, false, false, WasmInitExpr(i + 50000));
    }

    uint32_t global2 = builder->AddGlobal(
        type, false, false, WasmInitExpr(WasmInitExpr::kGlobalIndex, global1));

    for (int i = 0; i < padding; i++) {  // pad global after
      builder->AddGlobal(kAstI32, false, false, WasmInitExpr(i + 60000));
    }

    WasmFunctionBuilder* f1 = builder->AddFunction(&sig);
    byte code[] = {WASM_GET_GLOBAL(global2)};
    f1->EmitCode(code, sizeof(code));
    ExportAsMain(f1);
    TestModule(&zone, builder, expected);
  }
}

TEST(Run_WasmModule_Global_i32) {
  RunWasmModuleGlobalInitTest<int32_t>(kAstI32, -983489);
  RunWasmModuleGlobalInitTest<int32_t>(kAstI32, 11223344);
}

TEST(Run_WasmModule_Global_f32) {
  RunWasmModuleGlobalInitTest<float>(kAstF32, -983.9f);
  RunWasmModuleGlobalInitTest<float>(kAstF32, 1122.99f);
}

TEST(Run_WasmModule_Global_f64) {
  RunWasmModuleGlobalInitTest<double>(kAstF64, -833.9);
  RunWasmModuleGlobalInitTest<double>(kAstF64, 86374.25);
}