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wxWidgets/docs/motif/install.txt
Julian Smart a925b00678 Misc small fixes 
git-svn-id: https://svn.wxwidgets.org/svn/wx/wxWidgets/trunk@4449 c3d73ce0-8a6f-49c7-b76d-6d57e0e08775
1999-11-09 01:52:28 +00:00

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wxWindows 2.1 for Motif installation
------------------------------------
IMPORTANT NOTE:
If you experience problems installing, please re-read these
instructions and other related files (todo.txt, bugs.txt and
osname.txt for your platform if it exists) carefully before
mailing wxwin-users or the author. Preferably, try to fix the
problem first and then send a patch to the author.
When sending bug reports tell us what version of wxWindows you are
using (including the beta) and what compiler on what system. One
example: wxMotif 2.1 beta 6, egcs 1.1.1, Redhat 5.0
First steps
-----------
- Prerequisites: Motif 1.2 or above, or Lesstif
(not yet tested). Motif 2.0 and above may also be suitable.
- Download the appropriate .tgz archive, or alternatively the files
wx2_x_y_gen.zip and wx2_x_y_mot.zip. Download documentation in a
preferred format, such as wx2_x_y_htm.zip or wx2_x_y_pdf.zip.
- Make a directory such as ~/wx and unarchive the files into this
directory. If using the zip archives, use the -a option if available
to convert the ASCII files to Unix format. Don't worry about files being
overwritten: they should be identical anyway.
(See http://www.cdrom.com/pub/infozip/ if you don't have zip/unzip
already installed. Zip isn't the same as gzip!)
- It is recommended that you install bison and flex; using yacc
and lex may require tweaking of the makefiles. You also need
libXpm (see comments in the Notes section below) if you want to have
XPM support in wxWindows (recommended).
- You now have the option of using the configure-based system, or the simple
makefile system.
Using configure is the recommended way to build the library. If it doesn't
work for you for whatever reason, please report it (together with detailed
information about your platform and the (relevant part of) contents of
config.log file) to wxwin-developers@wx.dent.med.uni-muenchen.de.
COMPILING USING CONFIGURE
=========================
* The most simple case
-----------------------
If you compile wxWindows on Linux for the first time and don't like to read
install instructions just do (in the base dir):
> ./configure --with-motif
> make
> su <type root password>
> make install
> ldconfig
> exit
Afterwards you can continue with
> make
> su <type root password>
> make install
> ldconfig
> exit
If you want to remove wxWindows on Unix you can do this:
> su <type root password>
> make uninstall
> ldconfig
> exit
* The expert case
-----------------
If you want to do some more serious cross-platform programming with wxWindows,
such as for GTK and Motif, you can now build two complete libraries and use
them concurretly. For this end, you have to create a directory for each build
of wxWindows - you may also want to create different versions of wxWindows
and test them concurrently. Most typically, this would be a version configured
with --enable-debug_flag and one without. Note, that only one build can currently
be installed, so you'd have to use local version of the library for that purpose.
For building three versions (one GTK, one Motif and a debug version of the GTK
source) you'd do this:
md buildmotif
cd buildmotif
../configure --with-motif
make
cd ..
md buildgtk
cd buildgtk
../configure --with-gtk
make
cd ..
md buildgtkd
cd buildgtkd
../configure --with-gtk --enable-debug_flag
make
cd ..
* The most simple errors
------------------------
You get errors during compilation: The reason is that you probably have a broken
compiler, which includes almost everything that is called gcc. If you use gcc 2.8
you have to disable optimsation as the compiler will give up with an internal
compiler error.
If there is just any way for you to use egcs, use egcs. We cannot fix gcc.
You get immediate segfault when starting any sample or application: This is either
due to having compiled the library with different flags or options than your program -
typically you might have the __WXDEBUG__ option set for the library but not for your
program - or due to using a broken compiler (and its optimisation) such as GCC 2.8.
* The most simple program
-------------------------
Now create your super-application myfoo.app and compile anywhere with
g++ myfoo.cpp `wx-config --libs --cflags` -o myfoo
* General
-----------------------
The Unix variants of wxWindows use GNU configure. If you have problems with your
make use GNU make instead.
If you have general problems with installation, read my homepage at
http://wesley.informatik.uni-freiburg.de/~wxxt
for newest information. If you still don't have any success, please send a bug
report to one of our mailing lists (see my homepage) INCLUDING A DESCRIPTION OF
YOUR SYSTEM AND YOUR PROBLEM, SUCH AS YOUR VERSION OF GTK, WXGTK, WHAT DISTRIBUTION
YOU USE AND WHAT ERROR WAS REPORTED. I know this has no effect, but I tried...
* GUI libraries
-----------------------
wxWindows/Motif requires the Motif library to be installed on your system. As
an alternative, you may also use the free library "lesstif" which implements
most of the Motif API without the licence restrictions of Motif.
You can get the newest version of the Lesstif from the lesstif homepage at:
http://www.lesstif.org
* Additional libraries
-----------------------
wxWindows/Motif requires a thread library and X libraries known to work with threads.
This is the case on all commercial Unix-Variants and all Linux-Versions that are
based on glibc 2 except RedHat 5.0 which is broken in many aspects. As of writing
this, these Linux distributions have correct glibc 2 support:
- RedHat 5.1
- Debian 2.0
- Stampede
- DLD 6.0
- SuSE 6.0
You can disable thread support by running
./configure "--disable-threads"
make
su <type root password>
make install
ldconfig
exit
NB: DO NOT COMPILE WXGTK WITH GCC AND THREADS, SINCE ALL PROGRAMS WILL
CRASH UPON START-UP! Just always use egcs and be happy.
* Building wxMotif on SGI
--------------------------
Using the SGI native compilers, it is recommended that you
also set CFLAGS and CXXFLAGS before running configure. These
should be set to :
CFLAGS="-mips3 -n32"
CXXFLAGS="-mips3 -n32"
This is essential if you want to use the resultant binaries
on any other machine than the one it was compiled on. If you
have a 64bit machine (Octane) you should also do this to ensure
you don't accidently build the libraries as 64bit (which is
untested).
The SGI native compiler support has only been tested on Irix 6.5.
* Create your configuration
-----------------------------
Usage:
./configure options
If you want to use system's C and C++ compiler,
set environment variables CC and CCC as
% setenv CC cc
% setenv CCC CC
% ./configure options
to see all the options please use:
./configure --help
The basic philosophy is that if you want to use different
configurations, like a debug and a release version,
or use the same source tree on different systems,
you have only to change the environment variable OSTYPE.
(Sadly this variable is not set by default on some systems
in some shells - on SGI's for example). So you will have to
set it there. This variable HAS to be set before starting
configure, so that it knows which system it tries to
configure for.
Configure will complain if the system variable OSTYPE has
not been defined. And Make in some circumstances as well...
* General options
-------------------
Given below are the commands to change the default behaviour,
i.e. if it says "--disable-threads" it means that threads
are enabled by default.
Many of the confiugre options have been thoroughly tested
in wxWindows snapshot 6, but not yet all (ODBC not).
You have to add --with-motif on platforms, where Motif is
not the default (on Linux, configure will deafult to GTK).
--without-gtk Don't use the GIMP ToolKit (GTK)
--with-motif Use either Motif or Lesstif
Configure will look for both.
The following options handle the kind of library you want to build.
--disable-threads Compile without thread support. Threads
support is also required for the
socket code to work.
--disable-shared Do not create shared libraries.
--disable-optimise Do not optimise the code. Can
sometimes be useful for debugging
and is required on some architectures
such as Sun with gcc 2.8.X which
would otherwise produce segvs.
--enable-profile Add profiling info to the object
files. Currently broken, I think.
--enable-no_rtti Enable compilation without creation of
C++ RTTI information in object files.
This will speed-up compilation and reduce
binary size.
--enable-no_exceptions Enable compilation without creation of
C++ exception information in object files.
This will speed-up compilation and reduce
binary size. Also fewer crashes during the
actual compilation...
--enable-no_deps Enable compilation without creation of
dependency information.
--enable-permissive Enable compilation without creation of
giving erros as soon as you compile with
Solaris ANSI-defying headers...
--enable-mem_tracing Add built-in memory tracing.
--enable-dmalloc Use the dmalloc memory debugger.
Read more at www.letters.com/dmalloc/
--enable-debug_info Add debug info to object files and
executables for use with debuggers
such as gdb (or its many frontends).
--enable-debug_flag Define __DEBUG__ and __WXDEBUG__ when
compiling. This enable wxWindows' very
useful internal debugging tricks (such
as automatically reporting illegal calls)
to work. Note that program and library
must be compiled with the same debug
options.
* Feature Options
-------------------
Many of the confiugre options have been thoroughly tested
in wxWindows snapshot 6, but not yet all (ODBC not).
When producing an executable that is linked statically with wxGTK
you'll be surprised at its immense size. This can sometimes be
drastically reduced by removing features from wxWindows that
are not used in your program. The most relevant such features
are
--without-libpng Disables PNG image format code.
--without-libjpeg Disables JPEG image format code.
--without-odbc Disables ODBC code.
--disable-resources Disables the use of *.wxr type
resources.
--disable-threads Disables threads. Will also
disable sockets.
--disable-sockets Disables sockets.
--disable-dnd Disables Drag'n'Drop.
--disable-clipboard Disables Clipboard.
--disable-serial Disables object instance serialiasation.
--disable-streams Disables the wxStream classes.
--disable-file Disables the wxFile class.
--disable-textfile Disables the wxTextFile class.
--disable-intl Disables the internationalisation.
--disable-validators Disables validators.
--disable-accel Disables accel.
Apart from disabling certain features you can very often "strip"
the program of its debugging information resulting in a significant
reduction in size.
* Compiling
-------------
The following must be done in the base directory (e.g. ~/wxGTK
or ~/wxWin or whatever)
Now the makefiles are created (by configure) and you can compile
the library by typing:
make
make yourself some coffee, as it will take some time. On an old
386SX possibly two weeks. During compilation, you'll get a few
warning messages depending in your compiler.
If you want to be more selective, you can change into a specific
directiry and type "make" there.
Then you may install the library and it's header files under
/usr/local/include/wx and /usr/local/lib respectively. You
have to log in as root (i.e. run "su" and enter the root
password) and type
make install
You can remove any traces of wxWindows by typing
make uninstall
If you want to save disk space by removing unnecessary
object-files:
make clean
in the various directories will do the work for you.
* Creating a new Project
--------------------------
1) The first way uses the installed libraries and header files
automatically using wx-config
g++ myfoo.cpp `wx-config --libs` `wx-config --cflags` -o myfoo
Using this way, a make file for the minimal sample would look
like this
CC = g++
minimal: minimal.o
$(CC) -o minimal minimal.o `wx-config --libs`
minimal.o: minimal.cpp mondrian.xpm
$(CC) `wx-config --cflags` -c minimal.cpp -o minimal.o
clean:
rm -f *.o minimal
This is certain to become the standard way unless we decide
to sitch to tmake.
2) The other way creates a project within the source code
directories of wxWindows. For this endeavour, you'll need
GNU autoconf version 2.14 and add an entry to your Makefile.in
to the bottom of the configure.in script and run autoconf
and configure before you can type make.
* Further notes by Julian Smart
---------------------------------
- You may find the following script useful for compiling wxMotif,
especially if installing from zips (which don't preserve file
permissions). Make this script executable with the command
chmod a+x makewxmotif.
-------:x-----Cut here-----:x-----
# makewxmotif
# Sets permissions (in case we extracted wxMotif from zip files)
# and makes wxMotif.
# Call from top-level wxWindows directory.
# Note that this uses standard (but commonly-used) configure options;
# if you're feeling brave, you may wish to compile with threads:
# if they're not supported by the target platform, they will be disabled
# anyhow
# -- Julian Smart
chmod a+x configure config.sub config.guess
./configure --with-shared --with-motif --without-gtk --with-debug_flag --with-debug_info --enable-debug --without-threads --without-sockets --without-odbc
make
-------:x-----Cut here-----:x-----
This script will build wxMotif using shared libraries. If you want to build
a static wxWindows library, use --disable-shared.
COMPILING USING MAKEFILES
=========================
- Copy the file include/wx/motif/setup0.h to include/wx/motif/setup.h and
edit it if you wish to enable/disable some library features
- Choose a .env file from src/makeenvs that matches your
environment, and copy it to src/make.env. These are the
settings read by wxWindows for Motif makefiles.
- Edit src/make.env to change options according to your local
environment. In particular, change WXDIR to where wxWindows is
found on your system, or set the WXWIN environment variable
before compilation, e.g.:
export WXWIN=/home/jacs/wx2
Please feel free to contribute settings files for your environment.
- Change directory to src/motif and type:
make -f makefile.unx motif
This should make the library libwx_motif.a in the lib
directory. Note that this makefile system does not build shared
libraries, only static ones (that is, the wxWindows library will be
linked statically; to see remaining dependencies on shared libraries,
type e.g. ldd minimal_motif).
- Make a sample, such as the minimal sample:
cd samples/minimal
make -f makefile.unx motif
and run the resulting minimal_motif binary.
Troubleshooting
---------------
- If you have trouble compiling the file y_tab.c, or have strange
linking errors, check whether you're using a C or C++ compiler for this file.
You should specify a C compiler in the CCLEX variable in src/make.env.
You could also try using bison and flex instead of yacc and
lex.
- Solaris compilation with gcc: if the compiler has problems with the variable argument
functions, try putting the gcc fixinclude file paths early in the include
path.
- If you operator-related compile errors or strange memory problems
(for example in deletion of string arrays), set wxUSE_GLOBAL_MEMORY_OPERATORS
and wxUSE_MEMORY_TRACING to 0 in setup.h, and recompile.
- If you get an internal compiler error in gcc, turn off optimisations.
- Problems with XtDestroyWidget crashing in ~wxWindow have been
reported on SGI IRIX 6.4. This has not yet been resolved, so
any advice here would be very welcome. See bugs.txt for a
possible temporary workaround (comment out the final
XtDestroyWidget from ~wxWindow in window.cpp).
- If you use flex and bison instead of yacc and lex, you may need
to change the relevant part of src/motif/makefile.unx to read:
../common/y_tab.c: ../common/parser.y
$(YACC) ../common/parser.y
mv ../common/parser.tab.c ../common/y_tab.c
(the 'mv' command needs to be changed)
- Some compilers, such as Sun C++, may give a lot of warnings about
virtual functions being hidden. Please ignore these, it's correct C++ syntax.
If you find any incorrect instances, though, such as a
missing 'const' in an overridden function, please let us know.
Other Notes
-----------
- Debugging mode is switched on by default in the makefiles, but using
configure will create a release build of the library by default: it's
recommended to use --with-debug_info and --with-debug_flag configure
switches while developing your application. To compile in non-debug
mode, remove the -D__WXDEBUG__ switch in make.env (or if using the
configure system, change --with-debug_flag to --without_debug_flag
and --with-debug_info to --without-debug_info in the makewxmotif
script).
- Some classes can be switched off in include/wx/motif/setup.h,
if you are having trouble with a particular file. However,
I'd prefer you to fix the problem and send the fix to me :-) or at
least let me know about it.
- Thread support is switched off by default in setup.h (wxUSE_THREADS)
because standard Unices often do not have the necessary thread library
installed. Please see ../docs/gtk/install.txt for more details on this.
The systems for which thread support is known to work are Linux with libc6
(a.k.a. glibc2), Solaris 2.5 and 2.6 (provided that X libraries are thread
safe) and, to some extent, FreeBSD 2.8 and 3.1 (any feedback on thread
support under FreeBSD as well as the systems not mentioned here would be
appreciated).
- If you run into problems with a missing X11/Xpm.h header, you
need to install the XPM package. It can be obtained from:
ftp://ftp.x.org/contrib/libraries/xpm-3.4k.tar.gz
http://sunfreeware.com
You may need to modify make.env to add -I and -L options pointing to where Xpm
is installed and possibly change bitmap.cpp to
include <xpm.h> instead of <X11/xpm.h>
Alternatively, edit include/wx/motif/setup.h, set wxUSE_XPM
to 0, and recompile. You will not be able to load any XPMs,
though (currently the only supported colour bitmap format).
Bug reports
-----------
Please send bug reports with a description of your environment,
compiler and the error message(s) to the wxwin-developers mailing list at:
wxwin-developers@wx.dent.med.uni-muenchen.de
Julian Smart, Robert Roebling and Vadim Zeitlin, November 1999.
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