fc2171bd4c
git-svn-id: https://svn.wxwidgets.org/svn/wx/wxWidgets/trunk@27090 c3d73ce0-8a6f-49c7-b76d-6d57e0e08775
141 lines
4.9 KiB
TeX
141 lines
4.9 KiB
TeX
\section{Writing non-English applications}\label{nonenglishoverview}
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This article describes how to write applications that communicate with
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user in language other than English. Unfortunately many languages use
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different charsets under Unix and Windows (and other platforms, to make
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situation even more complicated). These charsets usually differ in so
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many characters it is impossible to use same texts under all platforms.
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wxWidgets library provides mechanism that helps you avoid distributing many
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identical, only differently encoded, packages with your application
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(e.g. help files and menu items in iso8859-13 and windows-1257). Thanks
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to this mechanism you can, for example, distribute only iso8859-13 data
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and it will be handled transparently under all systems.
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Please read \helpref{Internationalization}{internationalization} which
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describes the locales concept.
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In the following text, wherever {\it iso8859-2} and {\it windows-1250} are
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used, any encodings are meant and any encodings may be substituted there.
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\wxheading{Locales}
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The best way to ensure correctly displayed texts in a GUI across platforms
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is to use locales. Write your in-code messages in English or without
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diacritics and put real messages into the message catalog (see
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\helpref{Internationalization}{internationalization}).
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A standard .po file begins with a header like this:
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\begin{verbatim}
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# SOME DESCRIPTIVE TITLE.
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# Copyright (C) YEAR Free Software Foundation, Inc.
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# FIRST AUTHOR <EMAIL@ADDRESS>, YEAR.
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#
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msgid ""
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msgstr ""
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"Project-Id-Version: PACKAGE VERSION\n"
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"POT-Creation-Date: 1999-02-19 16:03+0100\n"
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"PO-Revision-Date: YEAR-MO-DA HO:MI+ZONE\n"
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"Last-Translator: FULL NAME <EMAIL@ADDRESS>\n"
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"Language-Team: LANGUAGE <LL@li.org>\n"
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"MIME-Version: 1.0\n"
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"Content-Type: text/plain; charset=CHARSET\n"
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"Content-Transfer-Encoding: ENCODING\n"
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\end{verbatim}
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Note this particular line:
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\begin{verbatim}
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"Content-Type: text/plain; charset=CHARSET\n"
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\end{verbatim}
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It specifies the charset used by the catalog. All strings in the catalog
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are encoded using this charset.
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You have to fill in proper charset information. Your .po file may look like this
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after doing so:
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\begin{verbatim}
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# SOME DESCRIPTIVE TITLE.
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# Copyright (C) YEAR Free Software Foundation, Inc.
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# FIRST AUTHOR <EMAIL@ADDRESS>, YEAR.
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#
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msgid ""
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msgstr ""
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"Project-Id-Version: PACKAGE VERSION\n"
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"POT-Creation-Date: 1999-02-19 16:03+0100\n"
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"PO-Revision-Date: YEAR-MO-DA HO:MI+ZONE\n"
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"Last-Translator: FULL NAME <EMAIL@ADDRESS>\n"
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"Language-Team: LANGUAGE <LL@li.org>\n"
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"MIME-Version: 1.0\n"
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"Content-Type: text/plain; charset=iso8859-2\n"
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"Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit\n"
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\end{verbatim}
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(Make sure that the header is {\bf not} marked as {\it fuzzy}.)
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wxWidgets is able to use this catalog under any supported platform
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(although iso8859-2 is a Unix encoding and is normally not understood by
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Windows).
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How is this done? When you tell the wxLocale class to load a message catalog that
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contains correct header, it checks the charset. The catalog is then converted
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to the charset used (see
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\helpref{wxLocale::GetSystemEncoding}{wxlocalegetsystemencoding} and
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\helpref{wxLocale::GetSystemEncodingName}{wxlocalegetsystemencodingname}) by
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user's operating system. This is default behaviour of the
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\helpref{wxLocale}{wxlocale} class; you can disable it by {\bf not} passing
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{\tt wxLOCALE\_CONV\_ENCODING} to \helpref{wxLocale::Init}{wxlocaleinit}.
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\wxheading{Font mapping}
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You can use \helpref{wxMBConv classes}{mbconvclasses} and
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\helpref{wxFontMapper}{wxfontmapper} to display text:
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\begin{verbatim}
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if (!wxFontMapper::Get()->IsEncodingAvailable(enc, facename))
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{
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wxFontEncoding alternative;
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if (wxFontMapper::Get()->GetAltForEncoding(enc, &alternative,
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facename, false))
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{
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wxCSConv convFrom(wxFontMapper::Get()->GetEncodingName(enc));
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wxCSConv convTo(wxFontMapper::Get()->GetEncodingName(alternative));
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text = wxString(text.mb_str(convFrom), convTo);
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}
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else
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...failure (or we may try iso8859-1/7bit ASCII)...
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}
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...display text...
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\end{verbatim}
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\wxheading{Converting data}
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You may want to store all program data (created documents etc.) in
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the same encoding, let's say {\tt utf-8}. You can use
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\helpref{wxCSConv}{wxcsconv} class to convert data to encoding used by the
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system your application is running on (see
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\helpref{wxLocale::GetSystemEncoding}{wxlocalegetsystemencoding}).
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\wxheading{Help files}
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If you're using \helpref{wxHtmlHelpController}{wxhtmlhelpcontroller} there is
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no problem at all. You must only make sure that all the HTML files contain
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the META tag, e.g.
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\begin{verbatim}
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<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=iso8859-2">
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\end{verbatim}
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and that the hhp project file contains one additional line in the {\tt OPTIONS}
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section:
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\begin{verbatim}
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Charset=iso8859-2
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\end{verbatim}
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This additional entry tells the HTML help controller what encoding is used
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in contents and index tables.
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