zstd/programs/paramgrill.c

/*
    paramgrill.c - parameter tester for zstd
    Copyright (C) Yann Collet 2015-2016

    GPL v2 License

    This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
    it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
    the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or
    (at your option) any later version.

    This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
    but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
    MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
    GNU General Public License for more details.

    You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License along
    with this program; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation, Inc.,
    51 Franklin Street, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.

    You can contact the author at :
    - zstd homepage : http://www.zstd.net/
*/

/*-************************************
*  Compiler Options
**************************************/
/* gettimeofday() are not supported by MSVC */
#if defined(_MSC_VER) || defined(_WIN32)
#  define BMK_LEGACY_TIMER 1
#endif


/*-************************************
*  Dependencies
**************************************/
#include "util.h"         /* Compiler options, UTIL_GetFileSize */
#include <stdlib.h>       /* malloc */
#include <stdio.h>        /* fprintf, fopen, ftello64 */
#include <string.h>       /* strcmp */
#include <math.h>         /* log */

/* Use ftime() if gettimeofday() is not available on your target */
#if defined(BMK_LEGACY_TIMER)
#  include <sys/timeb.h>  /* timeb, ftime */
#else
#  include <sys/time.h>   /* gettimeofday */
#endif

#include "mem.h"
#include "zstd_static.h"
#include "datagen.h"
#include "xxhash.h"


/*-************************************
*  Constants
**************************************/
#define PROGRAM_DESCRIPTION "ZSTD parameters tester"
#ifndef ZSTD_VERSION
#  define ZSTD_VERSION ""
#endif
#define AUTHOR "Yann Collet"
#define WELCOME_MESSAGE "*** %s %s %i-bits, by %s (%s) ***\n", PROGRAM_DESCRIPTION, ZSTD_VERSION, (int)(sizeof(void*)*8), AUTHOR, __DATE__


#define KB *(1<<10)
#define MB *(1<<20)
#define GB *(1ULL<<30)

#define NBLOOPS    2
#define TIMELOOP   2000

#define NB_LEVELS_TRACKED 30

static const size_t maxMemory = (sizeof(size_t)==4)  ?  (2 GB - 64 MB) : (size_t)(1ULL << ((sizeof(size_t)*8)-31));

#define COMPRESSIBILITY_DEFAULT 0.50
static const size_t sampleSize = 10000000;

static const int g_grillDuration = 50000000;   /* about 13 hours */
static const int g_maxParamTime = 15000;   /* 15 sec */
static const int g_maxVariationTime = 60000;   /* 60 sec */
static const int g_maxNbVariations = 64;


/*-************************************
*  Macros
**************************************/
#define DISPLAY(...)  fprintf(stderr, __VA_ARGS__)


/*-************************************
*  Benchmark Parameters
**************************************/
static U32 g_nbIterations = NBLOOPS;
static double g_compressibility = COMPRESSIBILITY_DEFAULT;
static U32 g_blockSize = 0;
static U32 g_rand = 1;
static U32 g_singleRun = 0;
static U32 g_target = 0;
static U32 g_noSeed = 0;
static ZSTD_compressionParameters g_params = { 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, ZSTD_greedy };

void BMK_SetNbIterations(int nbLoops)
{
    g_nbIterations = nbLoops;
    DISPLAY("- %u iterations -\n", g_nbIterations);
}


/*-*******************************************************
*  Private functions
*********************************************************/

#if defined(BMK_LEGACY_TIMER)

static int BMK_GetMilliStart(void)
{
  /* Based on Legacy ftime()
  *  Rolls over every ~ 12.1 days (0x100000/24/60/60)
  *  Use GetMilliSpan to correct for rollover */
  struct timeb tb;
  int nCount;
  ftime( &tb );
  nCount = (int) (tb.millitm + (tb.time & 0xfffff) * 1000);
  return nCount;
}

#else

static int BMK_GetMilliStart(void)
{
  /* Based on newer gettimeofday()
  *  Use GetMilliSpan to correct for rollover */
  struct timeval tv;
  int nCount;
  gettimeofday(&tv, NULL);
  nCount = (int) (tv.tv_usec/1000 + (tv.tv_sec & 0xfffff) * 1000);
  return nCount;
}

#endif


static int BMK_GetMilliSpan( int nTimeStart )
{
  int nSpan = BMK_GetMilliStart() - nTimeStart;
  if ( nSpan < 0 )
    nSpan += 0x100000 * 1000;
  return nSpan;
}


static size_t BMK_findMaxMem(U64 requiredMem)
{
    size_t step = 64 MB;
    BYTE* testmem=NULL;

    requiredMem = (((requiredMem >> 26) + 1) << 26);
    if (requiredMem > maxMemory) requiredMem = maxMemory;

    requiredMem += 2*step;
    while (!testmem) {
        requiredMem -= step;
        testmem = (BYTE*) malloc ((size_t)requiredMem);
    }

    free (testmem);
    return (size_t) (requiredMem - step);
}


#  define FUZ_rotl32(x,r) ((x << r) | (x >> (32 - r)))
U32 FUZ_rand(U32* src)
{
    const U32 prime1 = 2654435761U;
    const U32 prime2 = 2246822519U;
    U32 rand32 = *src;
    rand32 *= prime1;
    rand32 += prime2;
    rand32  = FUZ_rotl32(rand32, 13);
    *src = rand32;
    return rand32 >> 5;
}


/*-*******************************************************
*  Bench functions
*********************************************************/
typedef struct {
    size_t cSize;
    U32 cSpeed;
    U32 dSpeed;
} BMK_result_t;

typedef struct
{
    const char* srcPtr;
    size_t srcSize;
    char*  cPtr;
    size_t cRoom;
    size_t cSize;
    char*  resPtr;
    size_t resSize;
} blockParam_t;


#define MIN(a,b)  ( (a) < (b) ? (a) : (b) )

static size_t BMK_benchParam(BMK_result_t* resultPtr,
                             const void* srcBuffer, size_t srcSize,
                             ZSTD_CCtx* ctx,
                             const ZSTD_compressionParameters cParams)
{
    const size_t blockSize = g_blockSize ? g_blockSize : srcSize;
    const U32 nbBlocks = (U32) ((srcSize + (blockSize-1)) / blockSize);
    blockParam_t* const blockTable = (blockParam_t*) malloc(nbBlocks * sizeof(blockParam_t));
    const size_t maxCompressedSize = (size_t)nbBlocks * ZSTD_compressBound(blockSize);
    void* const compressedBuffer = malloc(maxCompressedSize);
    void* const resultBuffer = malloc(srcSize);
    ZSTD_parameters params;
    U32 Wlog = cParams.windowLog;
    U32 Clog = cParams.chainLog;
    U32 Hlog = cParams.hashLog;
    U32 Slog = cParams.searchLog;
    U32 Slength = cParams.searchLength;
    U32 Tlength = cParams.targetLength;
    ZSTD_strategy strat = cParams.strategy;
    char name[30] = { 0 };
    U64 crcOrig;

    /* Memory allocation & restrictions */
    snprintf(name, 30, "Sw%02uc%02uh%02us%02ul%1ut%03uS%1u", Wlog, Clog, Hlog, Slog, Slength, Tlength, strat);
    if (!compressedBuffer || !resultBuffer || !blockTable) {
        DISPLAY("\nError: not enough memory!\n");
        free(compressedBuffer);
        free(resultBuffer);
        free(blockTable);
        return 12;
    }

    /* Calculating input Checksum */
    crcOrig = XXH64(srcBuffer, srcSize, 0);

    /* Init blockTable data */
    {
        U32 i;
        size_t remaining = srcSize;
        const char* srcPtr = (const char*)srcBuffer;
        char* cPtr = (char*)compressedBuffer;
        char* resPtr = (char*)resultBuffer;
        for (i=0; i<nbBlocks; i++) {
            size_t thisBlockSize = MIN(remaining, blockSize);
            blockTable[i].srcPtr = srcPtr;
            blockTable[i].cPtr = cPtr;
            blockTable[i].resPtr = resPtr;
            blockTable[i].srcSize = thisBlockSize;
            blockTable[i].cRoom = ZSTD_compressBound(thisBlockSize);
            srcPtr += thisBlockSize;
            cPtr += blockTable[i].cRoom;
            resPtr += thisBlockSize;
            remaining -= thisBlockSize;
    }   }

    /* warmimg up memory */
    RDG_genBuffer(compressedBuffer, maxCompressedSize, 0.10, 0.10, 1);

    /* Bench */
    {
        U32 loopNb;
        size_t cSize = 0;
        double fastestC = 100000000., fastestD = 100000000.;
        double ratio = 0.;
        U64 crcCheck = 0;
        const int startTime =BMK_GetMilliStart();

        DISPLAY("\r%79s\r", "");
        params.cParams = cParams;
        params.fParams.contentSizeFlag = 0;
        for (loopNb = 1; loopNb <= g_nbIterations; loopNb++) {
            int nbLoops;
            int milliTime;
            U32 blockNb;
            const int totalTime = BMK_GetMilliSpan(startTime);

            /* early break (slow params) */
            if (totalTime > g_maxParamTime) break;

            /* Compression */
            DISPLAY("\r%1u-%s : %9u ->", loopNb, name, (U32)srcSize);
            memset(compressedBuffer, 0xE5, maxCompressedSize);

            nbLoops = 0;
            milliTime = BMK_GetMilliStart();
            while (BMK_GetMilliStart() == milliTime);
            milliTime = BMK_GetMilliStart();
            while (BMK_GetMilliSpan(milliTime) < TIMELOOP) {
                for (blockNb=0; blockNb<nbBlocks; blockNb++)
                    blockTable[blockNb].cSize = ZSTD_compress_advanced(ctx,
                                                    blockTable[blockNb].cPtr,  blockTable[blockNb].cRoom,
                                                    blockTable[blockNb].srcPtr, blockTable[blockNb].srcSize,
                                                    NULL, 0,
                                                    params);
                nbLoops++;
            }
            milliTime = BMK_GetMilliSpan(milliTime);

            cSize = 0;
            for (blockNb=0; blockNb<nbBlocks; blockNb++)
                cSize += blockTable[blockNb].cSize;
            if ((double)milliTime < fastestC*nbLoops) fastestC = (double)milliTime / nbLoops;
            ratio = (double)srcSize / (double)cSize;
            DISPLAY("\r");
            DISPLAY("%1u-%s : %9u ->", loopNb, name, (U32)srcSize);
            DISPLAY(" %9u (%4.3f),%7.1f MB/s", (U32)cSize, ratio, (double)srcSize / fastestC / 1000.);
            resultPtr->cSize = cSize;
            resultPtr->cSpeed = (U32)((double)srcSize / fastestC);

#if 1
            /* Decompression */
            memset(resultBuffer, 0xD6, srcSize);

            nbLoops = 0;
            milliTime = BMK_GetMilliStart();
            while (BMK_GetMilliStart() == milliTime);
            milliTime = BMK_GetMilliStart();
            for ( ; BMK_GetMilliSpan(milliTime) < TIMELOOP; nbLoops++) {
                for (blockNb=0; blockNb<nbBlocks; blockNb++)
                    blockTable[blockNb].resSize = ZSTD_decompress(blockTable[blockNb].resPtr, blockTable[blockNb].srcSize,
                                                                  blockTable[blockNb].cPtr, blockTable[blockNb].cSize);
            }
            milliTime = BMK_GetMilliSpan(milliTime);

            if ((double)milliTime < fastestD*nbLoops) fastestD = (double)milliTime / nbLoops;
            DISPLAY("\r");
            DISPLAY("%1u-%s : %9u -> ", loopNb, name, (U32)srcSize);
            DISPLAY("%9u (%4.3f),%7.1f MB/s, ", (U32)cSize, ratio, (double)srcSize / fastestC / 1000.);
            DISPLAY("%7.1f MB/s", (double)srcSize / fastestD / 1000.);
            resultPtr->dSpeed = (U32)((double)srcSize / fastestD);

            /* CRC Checking */
            crcCheck = XXH64(resultBuffer, srcSize, 0);
            if (crcOrig!=crcCheck) {
                unsigned u;
                unsigned eBlockSize = (unsigned)(MIN(65536*2, blockSize));
                DISPLAY("\n!!! WARNING !!! Invalid Checksum : %x != %x\n", (unsigned)crcOrig, (unsigned)crcCheck);
                for (u=0; u<srcSize; u++) {
                    if (((const BYTE*)srcBuffer)[u] != ((BYTE*)resultBuffer)[u]) {
                        printf("Decoding error at pos %u (block %u, pos %u) \n", u, u / eBlockSize, u % eBlockSize);
                        break;
                }   }
                break;
            }
#endif
    }   }

    /* End cleaning */
    DISPLAY("\r");
    free(compressedBuffer);
    free(resultBuffer);
    return 0;
}


const char* g_stratName[] = { "ZSTD_fast   ",
                              "ZSTD_greedy ",
                              "ZSTD_lazy   ",
                              "ZSTD_lazy2  ",
                              "ZSTD_btlazy2",
                              "ZSTD_btopt  " };

static void BMK_printWinner(FILE* f, U32 cLevel, BMK_result_t result, ZSTD_compressionParameters params, size_t srcSize)
{
    DISPLAY("\r%79s\r", "");
    fprintf(f,"    {%3u,%3u,%3u,%3u,%3u,%3u, %s },  ",
            params.windowLog, params.chainLog, params.hashLog, params.searchLog, params.searchLength,
            params.targetLength, g_stratName[(U32)(params.strategy)]);
    fprintf(f,
            "/* level %2u */   /* R:%5.3f at %5.1f MB/s - %5.1f MB/s */\n",
            cLevel, (double)srcSize / result.cSize, (double)result.cSpeed / 1000., (double)result.dSpeed / 1000.);
}


static U32 g_cSpeedTarget[NB_LEVELS_TRACKED] = { 0 };   /* NB_LEVELS_TRACKED : checked at main() */

typedef struct {
    BMK_result_t result;
    ZSTD_compressionParameters params;
} winnerInfo_t;

static void BMK_printWinners2(FILE* f, const winnerInfo_t* winners, size_t srcSize)
{
    unsigned cLevel;

    fprintf(f, "\n /* Proposed configurations : */ \n");
    fprintf(f, "    /* W,  C,  H,  S,  L,  T, strat */ \n");

    for (cLevel=0; cLevel <= ZSTD_maxCLevel(); cLevel++)
        BMK_printWinner(f, cLevel, winners[cLevel].result, winners[cLevel].params, srcSize);
}


static void BMK_printWinners(FILE* f, const winnerInfo_t* winners, size_t srcSize)
{
    fseek(f, 0, SEEK_SET);
    BMK_printWinners2(f, winners, srcSize);
    fflush(f);
    BMK_printWinners2(stdout, winners, srcSize);
}

size_t ZSTD_sizeofCCtx(ZSTD_compressionParameters params);   /* hidden interface, declared here */

static int BMK_seed(winnerInfo_t* winners, const ZSTD_compressionParameters params,
              const void* srcBuffer, size_t srcSize,
                    ZSTD_CCtx* ctx)
{
    BMK_result_t testResult;
    int better = 0;
    unsigned cLevel;

    BMK_benchParam(&testResult, srcBuffer, srcSize, ctx, params);

    for (cLevel = 1; cLevel <= ZSTD_maxCLevel(); cLevel++) {
        if (testResult.cSpeed < g_cSpeedTarget[cLevel])
            continue;   /* not fast enough for this level */
        if (winners[cLevel].result.cSize==0) {
            /* first solution for this cLevel */
            winners[cLevel].result = testResult;
            winners[cLevel].params = params;
            BMK_printWinner(stdout, cLevel, testResult, params, srcSize);
            better = 1;
            continue;
        }

        if ((double)testResult.cSize <= ((double)winners[cLevel].result.cSize * (1. + (0.02 / cLevel))) ) {
            /* Validate solution is "good enough" */
            double W_ratio = (double)srcSize / testResult.cSize;
            double O_ratio = (double)srcSize / winners[cLevel].result.cSize;
            double W_ratioNote = log (W_ratio);
            double O_ratioNote = log (O_ratio);
            size_t W_DMemUsed = (1 << params.windowLog) + (16 KB);
            size_t O_DMemUsed = (1 << winners[cLevel].params.windowLog) + (16 KB);
            double W_DMemUsed_note = W_ratioNote * ( 40 + 9*cLevel) - log((double)W_DMemUsed);
            double O_DMemUsed_note = O_ratioNote * ( 40 + 9*cLevel) - log((double)O_DMemUsed);

            size_t W_CMemUsed = (1 << params.windowLog) + ZSTD_sizeofCCtx(params);
            size_t O_CMemUsed = (1 << winners[cLevel].params.windowLog) + ZSTD_sizeofCCtx(winners[cLevel].params);
            double W_CMemUsed_note = W_ratioNote * ( 50 + 13*cLevel) - log((double)W_CMemUsed);
            double O_CMemUsed_note = O_ratioNote * ( 50 + 13*cLevel) - log((double)O_CMemUsed);

            double W_CSpeed_note = W_ratioNote * ( 30 + 10*cLevel) + log((double)testResult.cSpeed);
            double O_CSpeed_note = O_ratioNote * ( 30 + 10*cLevel) + log((double)winners[cLevel].result.cSpeed);

            double W_DSpeed_note = W_ratioNote * ( 20 + 2*cLevel) + log((double)testResult.dSpeed);
            double O_DSpeed_note = O_ratioNote * ( 20 + 2*cLevel) + log((double)winners[cLevel].result.dSpeed);


            if (W_DMemUsed_note < O_DMemUsed_note) {
                /* uses too much Decompression memory for too little benefit */
                if (W_ratio > O_ratio)
                DISPLAY ("Decompression Memory : %5.3f @ %4.1f MB  vs  %5.3f @ %4.1f MB   : not enough for level %i\n",
                         W_ratio, (double)(W_DMemUsed) / 1024 / 1024,
                         O_ratio, (double)(O_DMemUsed) / 1024 / 1024,   cLevel);
                continue;
            }
            if (W_CMemUsed_note < O_CMemUsed_note) {
                /* uses too much memory for compression for too little benefit */
                if (W_ratio > O_ratio)
                DISPLAY ("Compression Memory : %5.3f @ %4.1f MB  vs  %5.3f @ %4.1f MB   : not enough for level %i\n",
                         W_ratio, (double)(W_CMemUsed) / 1024 / 1024,
                         O_ratio, (double)(O_CMemUsed) / 1024 / 1024,   cLevel);
                continue;
            }
            if (W_CSpeed_note   < O_CSpeed_note  ) {
                /* too large compression speed difference for the compression benefit */
                if (W_ratio > O_ratio)
                DISPLAY ("Compression Speed : %5.3f @ %4.1f MB/s  vs  %5.3f @ %4.1f MB/s   : not enough for level %i\n",
                         W_ratio, (double)(testResult.cSpeed) / 1000.,
                         O_ratio, (double)(winners[cLevel].result.cSpeed) / 1000.,   cLevel);
                continue;
            }
            if (W_DSpeed_note   < O_DSpeed_note  ) {
                /* too large decompression speed difference for the compression benefit */
                if (W_ratio > O_ratio)
                DISPLAY ("Decompression Speed : %5.3f @ %4.1f MB/s  vs  %5.3f @ %4.1f MB/s   : not enough for level %i\n",
                         W_ratio, (double)(testResult.dSpeed) / 1000.,
                         O_ratio, (double)(winners[cLevel].result.dSpeed) / 1000.,   cLevel);
                continue;
            }

            if (W_ratio < O_ratio)
                DISPLAY("Solution %4.3f selected over %4.3f at level %i, due to better secondary statistics \n", W_ratio, O_ratio, cLevel);

            winners[cLevel].result = testResult;
            winners[cLevel].params = params;
            BMK_printWinner(stdout, cLevel, testResult, params, srcSize);

            better = 1;
    }   }

    return better;
}


/* nullified useless params, to ensure count stats */
static ZSTD_compressionParameters* sanitizeParams(ZSTD_compressionParameters params)
{
    g_params = params;
    if (params.strategy == ZSTD_fast)
        g_params.chainLog = 0, g_params.searchLog = 0;
    if (params.strategy != ZSTD_btopt )
        g_params.targetLength = 0;
    return &g_params;
}


static void paramVariation(ZSTD_compressionParameters* ptr)
{
    ZSTD_compressionParameters p;
    U32 validated = 0;
    while (!validated) {
        U32 nbChanges = (FUZ_rand(&g_rand) & 3) + 1;
        p = *ptr;
        for ( ; nbChanges ; nbChanges--) {
            const U32 changeID = FUZ_rand(&g_rand) % 14;
            switch(changeID)
            {
            case 0:
                p.chainLog++; break;
            case 1:
                p.chainLog--; break;
            case 2:
                p.hashLog++; break;
            case 3:
                p.hashLog--; break;
            case 4:
                p.searchLog++; break;
            case 5:
                p.searchLog--; break;
            case 6:
                p.windowLog++; break;
            case 7:
                p.windowLog--; break;
            case 8:
                p.searchLength++; break;
            case 9:
                p.searchLength--; break;
            case 10:
                p.strategy = (ZSTD_strategy)(((U32)p.strategy)+1); break;
            case 11:
                p.strategy = (ZSTD_strategy)(((U32)p.strategy)-1); break;
            case 12:
                p.targetLength *= 1 + ((double)(FUZ_rand(&g_rand)&255)) / 256.; break;
            case 13:
                p.targetLength /= 1 + ((double)(FUZ_rand(&g_rand)&255)) / 256.; break;
            }
        }
        validated = !ZSTD_isError(ZSTD_checkCParams(p));
    }
    *ptr = p;
}


#define PARAMTABLELOG   25
#define PARAMTABLESIZE (1<<PARAMTABLELOG)
#define PARAMTABLEMASK (PARAMTABLESIZE-1)
static BYTE g_alreadyTested[PARAMTABLESIZE] = {0};   /* init to zero */

#define NB_TESTS_PLAYED(p) \
    g_alreadyTested[(XXH64(sanitizeParams(p), sizeof(p), 0) >> 3) & PARAMTABLEMASK]


#define MAX(a,b)   ( (a) > (b) ? (a) : (b) )

static void playAround(FILE* f, winnerInfo_t* winners,
                       ZSTD_compressionParameters params,
                       const void* srcBuffer, size_t srcSize,
                       ZSTD_CCtx* ctx)
{
    int nbVariations = 0;
    const int startTime = BMK_GetMilliStart();

    while (BMK_GetMilliSpan(startTime) < g_maxVariationTime) {
        ZSTD_compressionParameters p = params;

        if (nbVariations++ > g_maxNbVariations) break;
        paramVariation(&p);

        /* exclude faster if already played params */
        if (FUZ_rand(&g_rand) & ((1 << NB_TESTS_PLAYED(p))-1))
            continue;

        /* test */
        NB_TESTS_PLAYED(p)++;
        if (!BMK_seed(winners, p, srcBuffer, srcSize, ctx)) continue;

        /* improvement found => search more */
        BMK_printWinners(f, winners, srcSize);
        playAround(f, winners, p, srcBuffer, srcSize, ctx);
    }

}


static void potentialRandomParams(ZSTD_compressionParameters* p, U32 inverseChance)
{
    U32 chance = (FUZ_rand(&g_rand) % (inverseChance+1));
    U32 validated = 0;
    if (!chance)
    while (!validated) {
        /* totally random entry */
        p->chainLog   = FUZ_rand(&g_rand) % (ZSTD_CHAINLOG_MAX+1 - ZSTD_CHAINLOG_MIN) + ZSTD_CHAINLOG_MIN;
        p->hashLog    = FUZ_rand(&g_rand) % (ZSTD_HASHLOG_MAX+1 - ZSTD_HASHLOG_MIN) + ZSTD_HASHLOG_MIN;
        p->searchLog  = FUZ_rand(&g_rand) % (ZSTD_SEARCHLOG_MAX+1 - ZSTD_SEARCHLOG_MIN) + ZSTD_SEARCHLOG_MIN;
        p->windowLog  = FUZ_rand(&g_rand) % (ZSTD_WINDOWLOG_MAX+1 - ZSTD_WINDOWLOG_MIN) + ZSTD_WINDOWLOG_MIN;
        p->searchLength=FUZ_rand(&g_rand) % (ZSTD_SEARCHLENGTH_MAX+1 - ZSTD_SEARCHLENGTH_MIN) + ZSTD_SEARCHLENGTH_MIN;
        p->targetLength=FUZ_rand(&g_rand) % (ZSTD_TARGETLENGTH_MAX+1 - ZSTD_TARGETLENGTH_MIN) + ZSTD_TARGETLENGTH_MIN;
        p->strategy   = (ZSTD_strategy) (FUZ_rand(&g_rand) % (ZSTD_btopt +1));
        validated = !ZSTD_isError(ZSTD_checkCParams(*p));
    }
}

static void BMK_selectRandomStart(
                       FILE* f, winnerInfo_t* winners,
                       const void* srcBuffer, size_t srcSize,
                       ZSTD_CCtx* ctx)
{
    U32 id = (FUZ_rand(&g_rand) % (ZSTD_maxCLevel()+1));
    if ((id==0) || (winners[id].params.windowLog==0)) {
        /* totally random entry */
        ZSTD_compressionParameters p;
        potentialRandomParams(&p, 1);
        ZSTD_adjustCParams(&p, srcSize, 0);
        playAround(f, winners, p, srcBuffer, srcSize, ctx);
    }
    else
        playAround(f, winners, winners[id].params, srcBuffer, srcSize, ctx);
}


static void BMK_benchMem(void* srcBuffer, size_t srcSize)
{
    ZSTD_CCtx* ctx = ZSTD_createCCtx();
    ZSTD_compressionParameters params;
    winnerInfo_t winners[NB_LEVELS_TRACKED];
    int i;
    unsigned u;
    const char* rfName = "grillResults.txt";
    FILE* f;
    const size_t blockSize = g_blockSize ? g_blockSize : srcSize;

    if (g_singleRun) {
        BMK_result_t testResult;
        ZSTD_adjustCParams(&g_params, srcSize, 0);
        BMK_benchParam(&testResult, srcBuffer, srcSize, ctx, g_params);
        DISPLAY("\n");
        return;
    }

    /* init */
    memset(winners, 0, sizeof(winners));
    f = fopen(rfName, "w");
    if (f==NULL) { DISPLAY("error opening %s \n", rfName); exit(1); }

    if (g_target)
        g_cSpeedTarget[1] = g_target * 1000;
    else {
        /* baseline config for level 1 */
        BMK_result_t testResult;
        params = ZSTD_getCParams(1, blockSize, 0);
        BMK_benchParam(&testResult, srcBuffer, srcSize, ctx, params);
        g_cSpeedTarget[1] = (testResult.cSpeed * 31) >> 5;
    }

    /* establish speed objectives (relative to level 1) */
    for (u=2; u<=ZSTD_maxCLevel(); u++)
        g_cSpeedTarget[u] = (g_cSpeedTarget[u-1] * 25) >> 5;

    /* populate initial solution */
    {
        const int maxSeeds = g_noSeed ? 1 : ZSTD_maxCLevel();
        for (i=1; i<=maxSeeds; i++) {
            params = ZSTD_getCParams(i, blockSize, 0);
            BMK_seed(winners, params, srcBuffer, srcSize, ctx);
        }
    }
    BMK_printWinners(f, winners, srcSize);

    /* start tests */
    {
        const int milliStart = BMK_GetMilliStart();
        do {
            BMK_selectRandomStart(f, winners, srcBuffer, srcSize, ctx);
        } while (BMK_GetMilliSpan(milliStart) < g_grillDuration);
    }

    /* end summary */
    BMK_printWinners(f, winners, srcSize);
    DISPLAY("grillParams operations completed \n");

    /* clean up*/
    fclose(f);
    ZSTD_freeCCtx(ctx);
}


static int benchSample(void)
{
    void* origBuff;
    size_t benchedSize = sampleSize;
    const char* name = "Sample 10MiB";

    /* Allocation */
    origBuff = malloc(benchedSize);
    if (!origBuff) { DISPLAY("\nError: not enough memory!\n"); return 12; }

    /* Fill buffer */
    RDG_genBuffer(origBuff, benchedSize, g_compressibility, 0.0, 0);

    /* bench */
    DISPLAY("\r%79s\r", "");
    DISPLAY("using %s %i%%: \n", name, (int)(g_compressibility*100));
    BMK_benchMem(origBuff, benchedSize);

    free(origBuff);
    return 0;
}


int benchFiles(char** fileNamesTable, int nbFiles)
{
    int fileIdx=0;

    /* Loop for each file */
    while (fileIdx<nbFiles) {
        FILE* inFile;
        char* inFileName;
        U64   inFileSize;
        size_t benchedSize;
        size_t readSize;
        char* origBuff;

        /* Check file existence */
        inFileName = fileNamesTable[fileIdx++];
        inFile = fopen( inFileName, "rb" );
        if (inFile==NULL) {
            DISPLAY( "Pb opening %s\n", inFileName);
            return 11;
        }

        /* Memory allocation & restrictions */
        inFileSize = UTIL_getFileSize(inFileName);
        benchedSize = BMK_findMaxMem(inFileSize*3) / 3;
        if ((U64)benchedSize > inFileSize) benchedSize = (size_t)inFileSize;
        if (benchedSize < inFileSize)
            DISPLAY("Not enough memory for '%s' full size; testing %i MB only...\n", inFileName, (int)(benchedSize>>20));

        /* Alloc */
        origBuff = (char*) malloc((size_t)benchedSize);
        if(!origBuff) {
            DISPLAY("\nError: not enough memory!\n");
            fclose(inFile);
            return 12;
        }

        /* Fill input buffer */
        DISPLAY("Loading %s...       \r", inFileName);
        readSize = fread(origBuff, 1, benchedSize, inFile);
        fclose(inFile);

        if(readSize != benchedSize) {
            DISPLAY("\nError: problem reading file '%s' !!    \n", inFileName);
            free(origBuff);
            return 13;
        }

        /* bench */
        DISPLAY("\r%79s\r", "");
        DISPLAY("using %s : \n", inFileName);
        BMK_benchMem(origBuff, benchedSize);
    }

    return 0;
}


int optimizeForSize(char* inFileName)
{
    FILE* inFile;
    U64   inFileSize;
    size_t benchedSize;
    size_t readSize;
    char* origBuff;

    /* Check file existence */
    inFile = fopen( inFileName, "rb" );
    if (inFile==NULL) {
        DISPLAY( "Pb opening %s\n", inFileName);
        return 11;
    }

    /* Memory allocation & restrictions */
    inFileSize = UTIL_getFileSize(inFileName);
    benchedSize = (size_t) BMK_findMaxMem(inFileSize*3) / 3;
    if ((U64)benchedSize > inFileSize) benchedSize = (size_t)inFileSize;
    if (benchedSize < inFileSize)
        DISPLAY("Not enough memory for '%s' full size; testing %i MB only...\n", inFileName, (int)(benchedSize>>20));

    /* Alloc */
    origBuff = (char*) malloc((size_t)benchedSize);
    if(!origBuff) {
        DISPLAY("\nError: not enough memory!\n");
        fclose(inFile);
        return 12;
    }

    /* Fill input buffer */
    DISPLAY("Loading %s...       \r", inFileName);
    readSize = fread(origBuff, 1, benchedSize, inFile);
    fclose(inFile);

    if(readSize != benchedSize) {
        DISPLAY("\nError: problem reading file '%s' !!    \n", inFileName);
        free(origBuff);
        return 13;
    }

    /* bench */
    DISPLAY("\r%79s\r", "");
    DISPLAY("optimizing for %s : \n", inFileName);

    {
        ZSTD_CCtx* ctx = ZSTD_createCCtx();
        ZSTD_compressionParameters params;
        winnerInfo_t winner;
        BMK_result_t candidate;
        const size_t blockSize = g_blockSize ? g_blockSize : benchedSize;
        int i;

        /* init */
        memset(&winner, 0, sizeof(winner));
        winner.result.cSize = (size_t)(-1);

        /* find best solution from default params */
        {
            const int maxSeeds = g_noSeed ? 1 : ZSTD_maxCLevel();
            for (i=1; i<=maxSeeds; i++) {
                params = ZSTD_getCParams(i, blockSize, 0);
                BMK_benchParam(&candidate, origBuff, benchedSize, ctx, params);
                if ( (candidate.cSize < winner.result.cSize)
                   ||((candidate.cSize == winner.result.cSize) && (candidate.cSpeed > winner.result.cSpeed)) )
                {
                    winner.params = params;
                    winner.result = candidate;
                    BMK_printWinner(stdout, i, winner.result, winner.params, benchedSize);
            }   }
        }
        BMK_printWinner(stdout, 99, winner.result, winner.params, benchedSize);

        /* start tests */
        {
            const int milliStart = BMK_GetMilliStart();
            do {
                params = winner.params;
                paramVariation(&params);
                potentialRandomParams(&params, 16);

                /* exclude faster if already played set of params */
                if (FUZ_rand(&g_rand) & ((1 << NB_TESTS_PLAYED(params))-1)) continue;

                /* test */
                NB_TESTS_PLAYED(params)++;
                BMK_benchParam(&candidate, origBuff, benchedSize, ctx, params);

                /* improvement found => new winner */
                if ( (candidate.cSize < winner.result.cSize)
                   ||((candidate.cSize == winner.result.cSize) && (candidate.cSpeed > winner.result.cSpeed)) ) {
                    winner.params = params;
                    winner.result = candidate;
                    BMK_printWinner(stdout, 99, winner.result, winner.params, benchedSize);
                }
            } while (BMK_GetMilliSpan(milliStart) < g_grillDuration);
        }

        /* end summary */
        BMK_printWinner(stdout, 99, winner.result, winner.params, benchedSize);
        DISPLAY("grillParams size - optimizer completed \n");

        /* clean up*/
        ZSTD_freeCCtx(ctx);
    }

    return 0;
}


static int usage(char* exename)
{
    DISPLAY( "Usage :\n");
    DISPLAY( "      %s [arg] file\n", exename);
    DISPLAY( "Arguments :\n");
    DISPLAY( " file : path to the file used as reference (if none, generates a compressible sample)\n");
    DISPLAY( " -H/-h  : Help (this text + advanced options)\n");
    return 0;
}

static int usage_advanced(void)
{
    DISPLAY( "\nAdvanced options :\n");
    DISPLAY( " -i#    : iteration loops [1-9](default : %i)\n", NBLOOPS);
    DISPLAY( " -B#    : cut input into blocks of size # (default : single block)\n");
    DISPLAY( " -P#    : generated sample compressibility (default : %.1f%%)\n", COMPRESSIBILITY_DEFAULT * 100);
    DISPLAY( " -S     : Single run\n");
    return 0;
}

static int badusage(char* exename)
{
    DISPLAY("Wrong parameters\n");
    usage(exename);
    return 1;
}

int main(int argc, char** argv)
{
    int i,
        filenamesStart=0,
        result;
    char* exename=argv[0];
    char* input_filename=0;
    U32 optimizer = 0;
    U32 main_pause = 0;

    /* checks */
    if (NB_LEVELS_TRACKED <= ZSTD_maxCLevel()) {
        DISPLAY("Error : NB_LEVELS_TRACKED <= ZSTD_maxCLevel() \n");
        exit(1);
    }

    /* Welcome message */
    DISPLAY(WELCOME_MESSAGE);

    if (argc<1) { badusage(exename); return 1; }

    for(i=1; i<argc; i++) {
        char* argument = argv[i];

        if(!argument) continue;   /* Protection if argument empty */

        if(!strcmp(argument,"--no-seed")) { g_noSeed = 1; continue; }

        /* Decode command (note : aggregated commands are allowed) */
        if (argument[0]=='-') {
            argument++;

            while (argument[0]!=0) {

                switch(argument[0])
                {
                    /* Display help on usage */
                case 'h' :
                case 'H': usage(exename); usage_advanced(); return 0;

                    /* Pause at the end (hidden option) */
                case 'p': main_pause = 1; argument++; break;

                    /* Modify Nb Iterations */
                case 'i':
                    argument++;
                    if ((argument[0] >='0') && (argument[0] <='9'))
                        g_nbIterations = *argument++ - '0';
                    break;

                    /* Sample compressibility (when no file provided) */
                case 'P':
                    argument++;
                    {   U32 proba32 = 0;
                        while ((argument[0]>= '0') && (argument[0]<= '9'))
                            proba32 = (proba32*10) + (*argument++ - '0');
                        g_compressibility = (double)proba32 / 100.;
                    }
                    break;

                case 'O':
                    argument++;
                    optimizer=1;
                    break;

                    /* Run Single conf */
                case 'S':
                    g_singleRun = 1;
                    argument++;
                    g_params = ZSTD_getCParams(2, g_blockSize, 0);
                    for ( ; ; ) {
                        switch(*argument)
                        {
                        case 'w':
                            g_params.windowLog = 0;
                            argument++;
                            while ((*argument>= '0') && (*argument<='9'))
                                g_params.windowLog *= 10, g_params.windowLog += *argument++ - '0';
                            continue;
                        case 'c':
                            g_params.chainLog = 0;
                            argument++;
                            while ((*argument>= '0') && (*argument<='9'))
                                g_params.chainLog *= 10, g_params.chainLog += *argument++ - '0';
                            continue;
                        case 'h':
                            g_params.hashLog = 0;
                            argument++;
                            while ((*argument>= '0') && (*argument<='9'))
                                g_params.hashLog *= 10, g_params.hashLog += *argument++ - '0';
                            continue;
                        case 's':
                            g_params.searchLog = 0;
                            argument++;
                            while ((*argument>= '0') && (*argument<='9'))
                                g_params.searchLog *= 10, g_params.searchLog += *argument++ - '0';
                            continue;
                        case 'l':  /* search length */
                            g_params.searchLength = 0;
                            argument++;
                            while ((*argument>= '0') && (*argument<='9'))
                                g_params.searchLength *= 10, g_params.searchLength += *argument++ - '0';
                            continue;
                        case 't':  /* target length */
                            g_params.targetLength = 0;
                            argument++;
                            while ((*argument>= '0') && (*argument<='9'))
                                g_params.targetLength *= 10, g_params.targetLength += *argument++ - '0';
                            continue;
                        case 'S':  /* strategy */
                            argument++;
                            while ((*argument>= '0') && (*argument<='9'))
                                g_params.strategy = (ZSTD_strategy)(*argument++ - '0');
                            continue;
                        case 'L':
                            {   int cLevel = 0;
                                argument++;
                                while ((*argument>= '0') && (*argument<='9'))
                                    cLevel *= 10, cLevel += *argument++ - '0';
                                g_params = ZSTD_getCParams(cLevel, g_blockSize, 0);
                                continue;
                            }
                        default : ;
                        }
                        break;
                    }
                    break;

                    /* target level1 speed objective, in MB/s */
                case 'T':
                    argument++;
                    g_target = 0;
                    while ((*argument >= '0') && (*argument <= '9'))
                        g_target = (g_target*10) + (*argument++ - '0');
                    break;

                    /* cut input into blocks */
                case 'B':
                    g_blockSize = 0;
                    argument++;
                    while ((*argument >='0') && (*argument <='9'))
                        g_blockSize = (g_blockSize*10) + (*argument++ - '0');
                    if (*argument=='K') g_blockSize<<=10, argument++;  /* allows using KB notation */
                    if (*argument=='M') g_blockSize<<=20, argument++;
                    if (*argument=='B') argument++;
                    DISPLAY("using %u KB block size \n", g_blockSize>>10);
                    break;

                    /* Unknown command */
                default : return badusage(exename);
                }
            }
            continue;
        }   /* if (argument[0]=='-') */

        /* first provided filename is input */
        if (!input_filename) { input_filename=argument; filenamesStart=i; continue; }
    }

    if (filenamesStart==0)
        result = benchSample();
    else {
        if (optimizer)
            result = optimizeForSize(input_filename);
        else
            result = benchFiles(argv+filenamesStart, argc-filenamesStart);
    }

    if (main_pause) { int unused; printf("press enter...\n"); unused = getchar(); (void)unused; }

    return result;
}