/* fileio.c - File i/o handler for zstd Copyright (C) Yann Collet 2013-2016 GPL v2 License This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or (at your option) any later version. This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU General Public License for more details. You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation, Inc., 51 Franklin Street, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA. You can contact the author at : - zstd homepage : http://www.zstd.net */ /* Note : this is stand-alone program. It is not part of ZSTD compression library, it is a user program of ZSTD library. The license of ZSTD library is BSD. The license of this file is GPLv2. */ /* ************************************* * Tuning options ***************************************/ #ifndef ZSTD_LEGACY_SUPPORT /* LEGACY_SUPPORT : * decompressor can decode older formats (starting from Zstd 0.1+) */ # define ZSTD_LEGACY_SUPPORT 1 #endif /* ************************************* * Compiler Options ***************************************/ #define _POSIX_SOURCE 1 /* enable %llu on Windows */ /*-************************************* * Includes ***************************************/ #include "util.h" /* Compiler options, UTIL_GetFileSize */ #include /* fprintf, fopen, fread, _fileno, stdin, stdout */ #include /* malloc, free */ #include /* strcmp, strlen */ #include /* clock */ #include /* errno */ #include "mem.h" #include "fileio.h" #define ZSTD_STATIC_LINKING_ONLY /* ZSTD_magicNumber, ZSTD_frameHeaderSize_max */ #include "zstd.h" #include "zstd_internal.h" /* MIN, KB, MB */ #define ZBUFF_STATIC_LINKING_ONLY #include "zbuff.h" #if defined(ZSTD_LEGACY_SUPPORT) && (ZSTD_LEGACY_SUPPORT==1) # include "zstd_legacy.h" /* ZSTD_isLegacy */ # include "fileio_legacy.h" /* FIO_decompressLegacyFrame */ #endif /*-************************************* * OS-specific Includes ***************************************/ #if defined(MSDOS) || defined(OS2) || defined(WIN32) || defined(_WIN32) || defined(__CYGWIN__) # include /* _O_BINARY */ # include /* _setmode, _isatty */ # define SET_BINARY_MODE(file) { if (_setmode(_fileno(file), _O_BINARY) == -1) perror("Cannot set _O_BINARY"); } #else # include /* isatty */ # define SET_BINARY_MODE(file) #endif /*-************************************* * Constants ***************************************/ #define _1BIT 0x01 #define _2BITS 0x03 #define _3BITS 0x07 #define _4BITS 0x0F #define _6BITS 0x3F #define _8BITS 0xFF #define BLOCKSIZE (128 KB) #define ROLLBUFFERSIZE (BLOCKSIZE*8*64) #define FIO_FRAMEHEADERSIZE 5 /* as a define, because needed to allocated table on stack */ #define FSE_CHECKSUM_SEED 0 #define CACHELINE 64 #define MAX_DICT_SIZE (8 MB) /* protection against large input (attack scenario) */ #define FNSPACE 30 /*-************************************* * Macros ***************************************/ #define DISPLAY(...) fprintf(stderr, __VA_ARGS__) #define DISPLAYLEVEL(l, ...) if (g_displayLevel>=l) { DISPLAY(__VA_ARGS__); } static U32 g_displayLevel = 2; /* 0 : no display; 1: errors; 2 : + result + interaction + warnings; 3 : + progression; 4 : + information */ void FIO_setNotificationLevel(unsigned level) { g_displayLevel=level; } #define DISPLAYUPDATE(l, ...) if (g_displayLevel>=l) { \ if ((FIO_GetMilliSpan(g_time) > refreshRate) || (g_displayLevel>=4)) \ { g_time = clock(); DISPLAY(__VA_ARGS__); \ if (g_displayLevel>=4) fflush(stdout); } } static const unsigned refreshRate = 150; static clock_t g_time = 0; static unsigned FIO_GetMilliSpan(clock_t nPrevious) { clock_t const nCurrent = clock(); return (unsigned)(((nCurrent - nPrevious) * 1000) / CLOCKS_PER_SEC); } /*-************************************* * Local Parameters ***************************************/ static U32 g_overwrite = 0; void FIO_overwriteMode(void) { g_overwrite=1; } static U32 g_maxWLog = 23; void FIO_setMaxWLog(unsigned maxWLog) { g_maxWLog = maxWLog; } static U32 g_sparseFileSupport = 1; /* 0 : no sparse allowed; 1: auto (file yes, stdout no); 2: force sparse */ void FIO_setSparseWrite(unsigned sparse) { g_sparseFileSupport=sparse; } static U32 g_dictIDFlag = 1; void FIO_setDictIDFlag(unsigned dictIDFlag) { g_dictIDFlag = dictIDFlag; } static U32 g_checksumFlag = 0; void FIO_setChecksumFlag(unsigned checksumFlag) { g_checksumFlag = checksumFlag; } /*-************************************* * Exceptions ***************************************/ #ifndef DEBUG # define DEBUG 0 #endif #define DEBUGOUTPUT(...) if (DEBUG) DISPLAY(__VA_ARGS__); #define EXM_THROW(error, ...) \ { \ DEBUGOUTPUT("Error defined at %s, line %i : \n", __FILE__, __LINE__); \ DISPLAYLEVEL(1, "Error %i : ", error); \ DISPLAYLEVEL(1, __VA_ARGS__); \ DISPLAYLEVEL(1, "\n"); \ exit(error); \ } /*-************************************* * Functions ***************************************/ static FILE* FIO_openSrcFile(const char* srcFileName) { FILE* f; if (!strcmp (srcFileName, stdinmark)) { DISPLAYLEVEL(4,"Using stdin for input\n"); f = stdin; SET_BINARY_MODE(stdin); } else { f = fopen(srcFileName, "rb"); } if ( f==NULL ) DISPLAYLEVEL(1, "zstd: %s: No such file\n", srcFileName); return f; } static FILE* FIO_openDstFile(const char* dstFileName) { FILE* f; if (!strcmp (dstFileName, stdoutmark)) { DISPLAYLEVEL(4,"Using stdout for output\n"); f = stdout; SET_BINARY_MODE(stdout); if (g_sparseFileSupport==1) { g_sparseFileSupport = 0; DISPLAYLEVEL(4, "Sparse File Support is automatically disabled on stdout ; try --sparse \n"); } } else { if (!g_overwrite && strcmp (dstFileName, nulmark)) { /* Check if destination file already exists */ f = fopen( dstFileName, "rb" ); if (f != 0) { /* dest file exists, prompt for overwrite authorization */ fclose(f); if (g_displayLevel <= 1) { /* No interaction possible */ DISPLAY("zstd: %s already exists; not overwritten \n", dstFileName); return 0; } DISPLAY("zstd: %s already exists; do you wish to overwrite (y/N) ? ", dstFileName); { int ch = getchar(); if ((ch!='Y') && (ch!='y')) { DISPLAY(" not overwritten \n"); return 0; } while ((ch!=EOF) && (ch!='\n')) ch = getchar(); /* flush rest of input line */ } } } f = fopen( dstFileName, "wb" ); } return f; } /*! FIO_loadFile() : * creates a buffer, pointed by `*bufferPtr`, * loads `filename` content into it, * up to MAX_DICT_SIZE bytes. * @return : loaded size */ static size_t FIO_loadFile(void** bufferPtr, const char* fileName) { FILE* fileHandle; U64 fileSize; *bufferPtr = NULL; if (fileName == NULL) return 0; DISPLAYLEVEL(4,"Loading %s as dictionary \n", fileName); fileHandle = fopen(fileName, "rb"); if (fileHandle==0) EXM_THROW(31, "Error opening file %s", fileName); fileSize = UTIL_getFileSize(fileName); if (fileSize > MAX_DICT_SIZE) { int seekResult; if (fileSize > 1 GB) EXM_THROW(32, "Dictionary file %s is too large", fileName); /* avoid extreme cases */ DISPLAYLEVEL(2,"Dictionary %s is too large : using last %u bytes only \n", fileName, MAX_DICT_SIZE); seekResult = fseek(fileHandle, (long int)(fileSize-MAX_DICT_SIZE), SEEK_SET); /* use end of file */ if (seekResult != 0) EXM_THROW(33, "Error seeking into file %s", fileName); fileSize = MAX_DICT_SIZE; } *bufferPtr = (BYTE*)malloc((size_t)fileSize); if (*bufferPtr==NULL) EXM_THROW(34, "Allocation error : not enough memory for dictBuffer"); { size_t const readSize = fread(*bufferPtr, 1, (size_t)fileSize, fileHandle); if (readSize!=fileSize) EXM_THROW(35, "Error reading dictionary file %s", fileName); } fclose(fileHandle); return (size_t)fileSize; } #ifndef ZSTD_NOCOMPRESS /*-********************************************************************** * Compression ************************************************************************/ typedef struct { void* srcBuffer; size_t srcBufferSize; void* dstBuffer; size_t dstBufferSize; void* dictBuffer; size_t dictBufferSize; ZBUFF_CCtx* ctx; FILE* dstFile; FILE* srcFile; } cRess_t; static cRess_t FIO_createCResources(const char* dictFileName) { cRess_t ress; ress.ctx = ZBUFF_createCCtx(); if (ress.ctx == NULL) EXM_THROW(30, "Allocation error : can't create ZBUFF context"); /* Allocate Memory */ ress.srcBufferSize = ZBUFF_recommendedCInSize(); ress.srcBuffer = malloc(ress.srcBufferSize); ress.dstBufferSize = ZBUFF_recommendedCOutSize(); ress.dstBuffer = malloc(ress.dstBufferSize); if (!ress.srcBuffer || !ress.dstBuffer) EXM_THROW(31, "Allocation error : not enough memory"); /* dictionary */ ress.dictBufferSize = FIO_loadFile(&(ress.dictBuffer), dictFileName); return ress; } static void FIO_freeCResources(cRess_t ress) { size_t errorCode; free(ress.srcBuffer); free(ress.dstBuffer); free(ress.dictBuffer); errorCode = ZBUFF_freeCCtx(ress.ctx); if (ZBUFF_isError(errorCode)) EXM_THROW(38, "Error : can't release ZBUFF context resource : %s", ZBUFF_getErrorName(errorCode)); } /*! FIO_compressFilename_internal() : * same as FIO_compressFilename_extRess(), with `ress.desFile` already opened. * @return : 0 : compression completed correctly, * 1 : missing or pb opening srcFileName */ static int FIO_compressFilename_internal(cRess_t ress, const char* dstFileName, const char* srcFileName, int cLevel) { FILE* const srcFile = ress.srcFile; FILE* const dstFile = ress.dstFile; U64 readsize = 0; U64 compressedfilesize = 0; U64 const fileSize = UTIL_getFileSize(srcFileName); /* init */ { ZSTD_parameters params; memset(¶ms, 0, sizeof(params)); params.cParams = ZSTD_getCParams(cLevel, fileSize, ress.dictBufferSize); params.fParams.contentSizeFlag = 1; params.fParams.checksumFlag = g_checksumFlag; params.fParams.noDictIDFlag = !g_dictIDFlag; if ((g_maxWLog) && (params.cParams.windowLog > g_maxWLog)) { params.cParams.windowLog = g_maxWLog; params.cParams = ZSTD_adjustCParams(params.cParams, fileSize, ress.dictBufferSize); } { size_t const errorCode = ZBUFF_compressInit_advanced(ress.ctx, ress.dictBuffer, ress.dictBufferSize, params, fileSize); if (ZBUFF_isError(errorCode)) EXM_THROW(21, "Error initializing compression : %s", ZBUFF_getErrorName(errorCode)); } } /* Main compression loop */ readsize = 0; while (1) { /* Fill input Buffer */ size_t const inSize = fread(ress.srcBuffer, (size_t)1, ress.srcBufferSize, srcFile); if (inSize==0) break; readsize += inSize; DISPLAYUPDATE(2, "\rRead : %u MB ", (U32)(readsize>>20)); { /* Compress using buffered streaming */ size_t usedInSize = inSize; size_t cSize = ress.dstBufferSize; { size_t const result = ZBUFF_compressContinue(ress.ctx, ress.dstBuffer, &cSize, ress.srcBuffer, &usedInSize); if (ZBUFF_isError(result)) EXM_THROW(23, "Compression error : %s ", ZBUFF_getErrorName(result)); } if (inSize != usedInSize) /* inBuff should be entirely consumed since buffer sizes are recommended ones */ EXM_THROW(24, "Compression error : input block not fully consumed"); /* Write cBlock */ { size_t const sizeCheck = fwrite(ress.dstBuffer, 1, cSize, dstFile); if (sizeCheck!=cSize) EXM_THROW(25, "Write error : cannot write compressed block into %s", dstFileName); } compressedfilesize += cSize; } DISPLAYUPDATE(2, "\rRead : %u MB ==> %.2f%% ", (U32)(readsize>>20), (double)compressedfilesize/readsize*100); } /* End of Frame */ { size_t cSize = ress.dstBufferSize; size_t const result = ZBUFF_compressEnd(ress.ctx, ress.dstBuffer, &cSize); if (result!=0) EXM_THROW(26, "Compression error : cannot create frame end"); { size_t const sizeCheck = fwrite(ress.dstBuffer, 1, cSize, dstFile); if (sizeCheck!=cSize) EXM_THROW(27, "Write error : cannot write frame end into %s", dstFileName); } compressedfilesize += cSize; } /* Status */ DISPLAYLEVEL(2, "\r%79s\r", ""); DISPLAYLEVEL(2,"Compressed %llu bytes into %llu bytes ==> %.2f%%\n", (unsigned long long)readsize, (unsigned long long) compressedfilesize, (double)compressedfilesize/readsize*100); return 0; } /*! FIO_compressFilename_internal() : * same as FIO_compressFilename_extRess(), with ress.destFile already opened (typically stdout) * @return : 0 : compression completed correctly, * 1 : missing or pb opening srcFileName */ static int FIO_compressFilename_srcFile(cRess_t ress, const char* dstFileName, const char* srcFileName, int cLevel) { int result; /* File check */ ress.srcFile = FIO_openSrcFile(srcFileName); if (!ress.srcFile) return 1; /* srcFile could not be opened */ result = FIO_compressFilename_internal(ress, dstFileName, srcFileName, cLevel); fclose(ress.srcFile); return result; } /*! FIO_compressFilename_extRess() : * @return : 0 : compression completed correctly, * 1 : missing or pb opening srcFileName */ static int FIO_compressFilename_extRess(cRess_t ress, const char* dstFileName, const char* srcFileName, int cLevel) { int result; ress.srcFile = FIO_openSrcFile(srcFileName); if (ress.srcFile==0) return 1; ress.dstFile = FIO_openDstFile(dstFileName); if (ress.dstFile==0) { fclose(ress.srcFile); return 1; } result = FIO_compressFilename_internal(ress, dstFileName, srcFileName, cLevel); if (result!=0) remove(dstFileName); /* remove operation artefact */ fclose(ress.srcFile); /* no pb to expect : only reading */ if (fclose(ress.dstFile)) EXM_THROW(28, "Write error : cannot properly close %s", dstFileName); return result; } int FIO_compressFilename(const char* dstFileName, const char* srcFileName, const char* dictFileName, int compressionLevel) { clock_t const start = clock(); cRess_t const ress = FIO_createCResources(dictFileName); int issueWithSrcFile = 0; issueWithSrcFile += FIO_compressFilename_extRess(ress, dstFileName, srcFileName, compressionLevel); FIO_freeCResources(ress); { double seconds = (double)(clock() - start) / CLOCKS_PER_SEC; DISPLAYLEVEL(4, "Completed in %.2f sec \n", seconds); } return issueWithSrcFile; } int FIO_compressMultipleFilenames(const char** inFileNamesTable, unsigned nbFiles, const char* suffix, const char* dictFileName, int compressionLevel) { int missed_files = 0; char* dstFileName = (char*)malloc(FNSPACE); size_t dfnSize = FNSPACE; size_t const suffixSize = suffix ? strlen(suffix) : 0; cRess_t ress; /* init */ ress = FIO_createCResources(dictFileName); /* loop on each file */ if (!strcmp(suffix, stdoutmark)) { unsigned u; ress.dstFile = stdout; SET_BINARY_MODE(stdout); for (u=0; u 1 GB) { int const seekResult = fseek(file, 1 GB, SEEK_CUR); if (seekResult != 0) EXM_THROW(71, "1 GB skip error (sparse file support)"); storedSkips -= 1 GB; } while (ptrT < bufferTEnd) { size_t seg0SizeT = segmentSizeT; size_t nb0T; /* count leading zeros */ if (seg0SizeT > bufferSizeT) seg0SizeT = bufferSizeT; bufferSizeT -= seg0SizeT; for (nb0T=0; (nb0T < seg0SizeT) && (ptrT[nb0T] == 0); nb0T++) ; storedSkips += (unsigned)(nb0T * sizeof(size_t)); if (nb0T != seg0SizeT) { /* not all 0s */ int const seekResult = fseek(file, storedSkips, SEEK_CUR); if (seekResult) EXM_THROW(72, "Sparse skip error ; try --no-sparse"); storedSkips = 0; seg0SizeT -= nb0T; ptrT += nb0T; { size_t const sizeCheck = fwrite(ptrT, sizeof(size_t), seg0SizeT, file); if (sizeCheck != seg0SizeT) EXM_THROW(73, "Write error : cannot write decoded block"); } } ptrT += seg0SizeT; } { static size_t const maskT = sizeof(size_t)-1; if (bufferSize & maskT) { /* size not multiple of sizeof(size_t) : implies end of block */ const char* const restStart = (const char*)bufferTEnd; const char* restPtr = restStart; size_t restSize = bufferSize & maskT; const char* const restEnd = restStart + restSize; for ( ; (restPtr < restEnd) && (*restPtr == 0); restPtr++) ; storedSkips += (unsigned) (restPtr - restStart); if (restPtr != restEnd) { int seekResult = fseek(file, storedSkips, SEEK_CUR); if (seekResult) EXM_THROW(74, "Sparse skip error ; try --no-sparse"); storedSkips = 0; { size_t const sizeCheck = fwrite(restPtr, 1, restEnd - restPtr, file); if (sizeCheck != (size_t)(restEnd - restPtr)) EXM_THROW(75, "Write error : cannot write decoded end of block"); } } } } return storedSkips; } static void FIO_fwriteSparseEnd(FILE* file, unsigned storedSkips) { if (storedSkips-->0) { /* implies g_sparseFileSupport>0 */ int const seekResult = fseek(file, storedSkips, SEEK_CUR); if (seekResult != 0) EXM_THROW(69, "Final skip error (sparse file)\n"); { const char lastZeroByte[1] = { 0 }; size_t const sizeCheck = fwrite(lastZeroByte, 1, 1, file); if (sizeCheck != 1) EXM_THROW(69, "Write error : cannot write last zero\n"); } } } /** FIO_decompressFrame() : @return : size of decoded frame */ unsigned long long FIO_decompressFrame(dRess_t ress, FILE* foutput, FILE* finput, size_t alreadyLoaded) { U64 frameSize = 0; size_t readSize; U32 storedSkips = 0; ZBUFF_decompressInitDictionary(ress.dctx, ress.dictBuffer, ress.dictBufferSize); /* Header loading (optional, saves one loop) */ { size_t const toLoad = 9 - alreadyLoaded; /* assumption : 9 >= alreadyLoaded */ size_t const loadedSize = fread(((char*)ress.srcBuffer) + alreadyLoaded, 1, toLoad, finput); readSize = alreadyLoaded + loadedSize; } /* Main decompression Loop */ while (1) { size_t inSize=readSize, decodedSize=ress.dstBufferSize; size_t const toRead = ZBUFF_decompressContinue(ress.dctx, ress.dstBuffer, &decodedSize, ress.srcBuffer, &inSize); if (ZBUFF_isError(toRead)) EXM_THROW(36, "Decoding error : %s", ZBUFF_getErrorName(toRead)); readSize -= inSize; /* Write block */ storedSkips = FIO_fwriteSparse(foutput, ress.dstBuffer, decodedSize, storedSkips); frameSize += decodedSize; DISPLAYUPDATE(2, "\rDecoded : %u MB... ", (U32)(frameSize>>20) ); if (toRead == 0) break; /* end of frame */ if (readSize) EXM_THROW(38, "Decoding error : should consume entire input"); /* Fill input buffer */ if (toRead > ress.srcBufferSize) EXM_THROW(34, "too large block"); readSize = fread(ress.srcBuffer, 1, toRead, finput); if (readSize != toRead) EXM_THROW(35, "Read error"); } FIO_fwriteSparseEnd(foutput, storedSkips); return frameSize; } /** FIO_passThrough() : just copy input into output, for compatibility with gzip -df mode @return : 0 (no error) */ static unsigned FIO_passThrough(FILE* foutput, FILE* finput, void* buffer, size_t bufferSize) { size_t const blockSize = MIN (64 KB, bufferSize); size_t readFromInput = 1; unsigned storedSkips = 0; /* assumption : first 4 bytes already loaded (magic number detection), and stored within buffer */ { size_t const sizeCheck = fwrite(buffer, 1, 4, foutput); if (sizeCheck != 4) EXM_THROW(50, "Pass-through write error"); } while (readFromInput) { readFromInput = fread(buffer, 1, blockSize, finput); storedSkips = FIO_fwriteSparse(foutput, buffer, readFromInput, storedSkips); } FIO_fwriteSparseEnd(foutput, storedSkips); return 0; } /** FIO_decompressSrcFile() : Decompression `srcFileName` into `ress.dstFile` @return : 0 : OK 1 : operation not started */ static int FIO_decompressSrcFile(dRess_t ress, const char* srcFileName) { unsigned long long filesize = 0; FILE* const dstFile = ress.dstFile; FILE* const srcFile = FIO_openSrcFile(srcFileName); if (srcFile==0) return 1; /* for each frame */ for ( ; ; ) { /* check magic number -> version */ size_t const toRead = 4; size_t const sizeCheck = fread(ress.srcBuffer, (size_t)1, toRead, srcFile); if (sizeCheck==0) break; /* no more input */ if (sizeCheck != toRead) EXM_THROW(31, "zstd: %s read error : cannot read header", srcFileName); { U32 const magic = MEM_readLE32(ress.srcBuffer); #if defined(ZSTD_LEGACY_SUPPORT) && (ZSTD_LEGACY_SUPPORT>=1) if (ZSTD_isLegacy(magic)) { filesize += FIO_decompressLegacyFrame(dstFile, srcFile, ress.dictBuffer, ress.dictBufferSize, magic); continue; } #endif if (((magic & 0xFFFFFFF0U) != ZSTD_MAGIC_SKIPPABLE_START) && (magic != ZSTD_MAGICNUMBER)) { if (g_overwrite) /* -df : pass-through mode */ return FIO_passThrough(dstFile, srcFile, ress.srcBuffer, ress.srcBufferSize); else { DISPLAYLEVEL(1, "zstd: %s: not in zstd format \n", srcFileName); return 1; } } } filesize += FIO_decompressFrame(ress, dstFile, srcFile, toRead); } /* Final Status */ DISPLAYLEVEL(2, "\r%79s\r", ""); DISPLAYLEVEL(2, "%-20.20s: %llu bytes \n", srcFileName, filesize); /* Close */ fclose(srcFile); return 0; } /** FIO_decompressFile_extRess() : decompress `srcFileName` into `dstFileName` @return : 0 : OK 1 : operation aborted (src not available, dst already taken, etc.) */ static int FIO_decompressFile_extRess(dRess_t ress, const char* dstFileName, const char* srcFileName) { int result; ress.dstFile = FIO_openDstFile(dstFileName); if (ress.dstFile==0) return 1; result = FIO_decompressSrcFile(ress, srcFileName); if (result != 0) remove(dstFileName); if (fclose(ress.dstFile)) EXM_THROW(38, "Write error : cannot properly close %s", dstFileName); return result; } int FIO_decompressFilename(const char* dstFileName, const char* srcFileName, const char* dictFileName) { int missingFiles = 0; dRess_t ress = FIO_createDResources(dictFileName); missingFiles += FIO_decompressFile_extRess(ress, dstFileName, srcFileName); FIO_freeDResources(ress); return missingFiles; } #define MAXSUFFIXSIZE 8 int FIO_decompressMultipleFilenames(const char** srcNamesTable, unsigned nbFiles, const char* suffix, const char* dictFileName) { int skippedFiles = 0; int missingFiles = 0; dRess_t ress = FIO_createDResources(dictFileName); if (!strcmp(suffix, stdoutmark) || !strcmp(suffix, nulmark)) { unsigned u; ress.dstFile = FIO_openDstFile(suffix); if (ress.dstFile == 0) EXM_THROW(71, "cannot open %s", suffix); for (u=0; u