/*
 * Copyright (C) 2020, Evan Sultanik
 * Public Domain
 *
 * An implementation of the MT19937 Algorithm for the Mersenne Twister
 * by Evan Sultanik.  Based upon the pseudocode in: M. Matsumoto and
 * T. Nishimura, "Mersenne Twister: A 623-dimensionally
 * equidistributed uniform pseudorandom number generator," ACM
 * Transactions on Modeling and Computer Simulation Vol. 8, No. 1,
 * January pp.3-30 1998.
 *
 * http://www.sultanik.com/Mersenne_twister
 */
#include <Source/RuntimeInternal.hpp>
#include "AuMTwister.hpp"

#define UPPER_MASK		  0x80000000
#define LOWER_MASK		  0x7fffffff
#define TEMPERING_MASK_B  0x9d2c5680
#define TEMPERING_MASK_C  0xefc60000

inline static void MT_SeedRand(MTRand *rand, AuUInt32 seed)
{
    /* set initial seeds to mt[STATE_VECTOR_LENGTH] using the generator
     * from Line 25 of Table 1 in: Donald Knuth, "The Art of Computer
     * Programming," Vol. 2 (2nd Ed.) pp.102.
     */
    rand->mt[0] = seed & 0xffffffff;
    for (rand->index = 1; rand->index < STATE_VECTOR_LENGTH; rand->index++)
    {
        rand->mt[rand->index] = (6069 * rand->mt[rand->index - 1]) & 0xffffffff;
    }
}

/**
 * Creates a new random number generator from a given seed.
 */
MTRand MT_SeedRand(AuUInt32 seed)
{
    MTRand rand {};
    MT_SeedRand(&rand, seed);
    return rand;
}

/**
 * Generates a pseudo-randomly generated long.
 */
AuUInt32 MT_NextLong(MTRand *rand)
{
    AuUInt32 y;
    static const AuUInt32 mag[2] = {0x0, 0x9908b0df}; /* mag[x] = x * 0x9908b0df for x = 0,1 */
    
    AU_LOCK_GUARD(rand->lock);

    if (rand->index >= STATE_VECTOR_LENGTH || rand->index < 0)
    {
        int kk;

        /* generate STATE_VECTOR_LENGTH words at a time */
        if (rand->index >= STATE_VECTOR_LENGTH + 1 || rand->index < 0)
        {
            MT_SeedRand(rand, 4357);
        }

        for (kk = 0; kk < STATE_VECTOR_LENGTH - STATE_VECTOR_M; kk++)
        {
            y = (rand->mt[kk] & UPPER_MASK) | (rand->mt[kk + 1] & LOWER_MASK);
            rand->mt[kk] = rand->mt[kk + STATE_VECTOR_M] ^ (y >> 1) ^ mag[y & 0x1];
        }

        for (; kk < STATE_VECTOR_LENGTH - 1; kk++)
        {
            y = (rand->mt[kk] & UPPER_MASK) | (rand->mt[kk + 1] & LOWER_MASK);
            rand->mt[kk] = rand->mt[kk + (STATE_VECTOR_M - STATE_VECTOR_LENGTH)] ^ (y >> 1) ^ mag[y & 0x1];
        }

        y = (rand->mt[STATE_VECTOR_LENGTH - 1] & UPPER_MASK) | (rand->mt[0] & LOWER_MASK);
        rand->mt[STATE_VECTOR_LENGTH - 1] = rand->mt[STATE_VECTOR_M - 1] ^ (y >> 1) ^ mag[y & 0x1];
        rand->index = 0;
    }

    y = rand->mt[rand->index++];
    y ^= (y >> 11);
    y ^= (y << 7) & TEMPERING_MASK_B;
    y ^= (y << 15) & TEMPERING_MASK_C;
    y ^= (y >> 18);

    return y;
}