In SPIR-V, builtin integral vectors can be either signed or unsigned,
but in MSL they're always unsigned. Unfortunately, the MSL spec forbids
implicit conversions between vector types--even if the corresponding
scalar types would implicitly convert. If you try, the result is a
cryptic error message such as:
```
program_source:37:60: error: cannot convert between vector values of different size ('int4' (aka 'vector_int4') and 'vector_uint4' (vector of 4 'unsigned int' values))
float4 r3 = as_type<float4>((as_type<int4>(r0) * gl_LocalInvocationID.xyyy) + as_type<int4>(r2));
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ ^ ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
```
Therefore, uses of these builtins must be explicitly cast, since the
rest of the binary likely assumes that the builtin is of its declared
type.
Two varyings (vertex outputs/fragment inputs) might have the same
location but be in different components--e.g. the compiler may have
packed what were two different varyings into a single varying vector.
Giving both varyings the same `[[user]]` attribute won't work--it may
yield unexpected results, or flat out fail to link. We could eventually
pack such varyings into a single vector, but that would require us to
handle the case where the varyings are different types--e.g. a `float`
and a `uint` packed into the same vector. For now, it seems most
prudent to give them unique `[[user]]` locations and let Apple's
compiler work out the best way to pack them.
In MSL, these only have an effect on fragment `[[stage_in]]` members.
They have no effect in vertex shaders. The Khronos front end doesn't
even emit the SPIR-V decorations for them.
This roughly matches their semantics in SPIR-V and MSL. For `FMin`,
`FMax`, and `FClamp`, and the Metal functions `fast::min()`,
`fast::max()`, and `fast::clamp()`, the result is undefined if any
operand is NaN. For the 'N' operations and their corresponding MSL
`precise::` functions, the result is consistent with IEEE 754 (first
non-NaN wins; result is NaN if all operands are NaN).
We can only do this with 32-bit floats, though, because Metal only
provides these variants for `float`. `half` only has one variant of
these functions that is presumably consistent with IEEE 754. I guess
that's OK; the SPIR-V spec only says that `F{Min,Max,Clamp}` are
undefined for NaNs. Performance might suffer, though.
The SPIR-V spec says that these check if the operands either are
unordered or satisfy the given condition. So that's just what we'll do,
using Metal's `isunordered()` stdlib function. Apple's optimizers ought
to be able to collapse that to a single unordered compare.
