Fixes#4207.
LLVM Clang on Windows does not define `__GNUC__`. The preprocessor falls
to `#elif FMT_MSC_VERSION && !_HAS_EXCEPTIONS` with `_HAS_EXCEPTIONS 1`
defined in vcruntime.h:104.
Changing type data_ to size_t because
1. If lib is cross-compiled for win32 using MXE environment it cause
compilation warning -Wconversion on line 730 as sizeof(unsigned long)
= 4 and sizeof(size_t) = 8
2. When lib is compiled on Unix like compiler generate warning
-Wuseless-cast if static_cast is used to fix issue in 1
Fixes warning reported by top of trunk Clang:
include/fmt/chrono.h:447:36: error: function 'throw_duration_error' could be declared with attribute 'noreturn'
* Conform `std::iterator_traits<fmt::appender>` to [iterator.traits]/1
> In addition, the types
> ```c++
> iterator_traits<I>::pointer
> iterator_traits<I>::reference
> ```
> shall be defined as the iterator’s pointer and reference types; that is, for an iterator object `a` of class type, the same type as `decltype(a.operator->())` and `decltype(*a)`, respectively. The type `iterator_traits<I>::pointer` shall be void for an iterator of class type `I` that does not support `operator->`. Additionally, in the case of an output iterator, the types
> ```c++
> iterator_traits<I>::value_type
> iterator_traits<I>::difference_type
> iterator_traits<I>::reference
> ```
> may be defined as `void`.
* Remove unnecessary member types from basic_appender
This reverts commit 1accf6c0a0.
* Address clang-format issue
* Mark some in-class defined member functions as explicitly inline/constexpr, to avoid missing external symbols when using fmt module with shared build due to modules not defaulting to implicit inline.
* Switch constexpr to inline for context::arg(string_view).
NOTE: Looks as if basic_format_args::get(string_view) could probably be made constexpr instead, but sticking with minimal change approach.
* Work around apparent non-conformance of older MSVC compilers.
* Switch format_int::str() from constexpr to inline to satisfy libstdc++ std::string constexpr limitations.
* Replace usages of macros for constexpr/inline with keywords.
* Fix for locations requiring C++14 constexpr.
* Further minor constexpr tweaks.
* Apply clang format
