elf: Correct absolute (SHN_ABS) symbol run-time calculation [BZ #19818]

Do not relocate absolute symbols by the base address.  Such symbols have
SHN_ABS as the section index and their value is not supposed to be
affected by relocation as per the ELF gABI[1]:

"SHN_ABS
    The symbol has an absolute value that will not change because of
    relocation."

The reason for our non-conformance here seems to be an old SysV linker
bug causing symbols like _DYNAMIC to be incorrectly emitted as absolute
symbols[2].  However in a previous discussion it was pointed that this
is seriously flawed by preventing the lone purpose of the existence of
absolute symbols from being used[3]:

"On the contrary, the only interpretation that makes sense to me is that
it will not change because of relocation at link time or at load time.
Absolute symbols, from the days of the earliest linking loaders, have
been used to represent addresses that are outside the address space of
the module (e.g., memory-mapped addresses or kernel gateway pages).
They've even been used to represent true symbolic constants (e.g.,
system entry point numbers, sizes, version numbers).  There's no other
way to represent a true absolute symbol, while the meaning you seek is
easily represented by giving the symbol a non-negative st_shndx value."

and we ought to stop supporting our current broken interpretation.

Update processing for dladdr(3) and dladdr1(3) so that SHN_ABS symbols
are ignored, because under the corrected interpretation they do not
represent addresses within a mapped file and therefore are not supposed
to be considered.

References:

[1] "System V Application Binary Interface - DRAFT - 19 October 2010",
    The SCO Group, Section "Symbol Table",
    <http://www.sco.com/developers/gabi/2012-12-31/ch4.symtab.html>

[2] Alan Modra, "Absolute symbols"
    <https://sourceware.org/ml/binutils/2012-05/msg00019.html>

[3] Cary Coutant, "Re: Absolute symbols"
    <https://sourceware.org/ml/binutils/2012-05/msg00020.html>

	[BZ #19818]
	* sysdeps/generic/ldsodefs.h (SYMBOL_ADDRESS): Handle SHN_ABS
	symbols.
	* elf/dl-addr.c (determine_info): Ignore SHN_ABS symbols.
	* elf/tst-absolute-sym.c: New file.
	* elf/tst-absolute-sym-lib.c: New file.
	* elf/tst-absolute-sym-lib.lds: New file.
	* elf/Makefile (tests): Add `tst-absolute-sym'.
	(modules-names): Add `tst-absolute-sym-lib'.
	(LDLIBS-tst-absolute-sym-lib.so): New variable.
	($(objpfx)tst-absolute-sym-lib.so): New dependency.
	($(objpfx)tst-absolute-sym): New dependency.

ChangeLog

@@ -1,5 +1,18 @@
 2018-04-04  Maciej W. Rozycki  <macro@mips.com>
 
+	[BZ #19818]
+	* sysdeps/generic/ldsodefs.h (SYMBOL_ADDRESS): Handle SHN_ABS
+	symbols.
+	* elf/dl-addr.c (determine_info): Ignore SHN_ABS symbols.
+	* elf/tst-absolute-sym.c: New file.
+	* elf/tst-absolute-sym-lib.c: New file.
+	* elf/tst-absolute-sym-lib.lds: New file.
+	* elf/Makefile (tests): Add `tst-absolute-sym'.
+	(modules-names): Add `tst-absolute-sym-lib'.
+	(LDLIBS-tst-absolute-sym-lib.so): New variable.
+	($(objpfx)tst-absolute-sym-lib.so): New dependency.
+	($(objpfx)tst-absolute-sym): New dependency.
+
 	[BZ #19818]
 	* sysdeps/generic/ldsodefs.h (LOOKUP_VALUE_ADDRESS): Add `set'
 	parameter.

elf/Makefile

@@ -186,7 +186,7 @@ tests += restest1 preloadtest loadfail multiload origtest resolvfail \
 	 tst-tlsalign tst-tlsalign-extern tst-nodelete-opened \
 	 tst-nodelete2 tst-audit11 tst-audit12 tst-dlsym-error tst-noload \
 	 tst-latepthread tst-tls-manydynamic tst-nodelete-dlclose \
-	 tst-debug1 tst-main1
+	 tst-debug1 tst-main1 tst-absolute-sym
 #	 reldep9
 tests-internal += loadtest unload unload2 circleload1 \
 	 neededtest neededtest2 neededtest3 neededtest4 \
@@ -272,7 +272,7 @@ modules-names = testobj1 testobj2 testobj3 testobj4 testobj5 testobj6 \
 		tst-audit12mod1 tst-audit12mod2 tst-audit12mod3 tst-auditmod12 \
 		tst-latepthreadmod $(tst-tls-many-dynamic-modules) \
 		tst-nodelete-dlclose-dso tst-nodelete-dlclose-plugin \
-		tst-main1mod tst-libc_dlvsym-dso
+		tst-main1mod tst-libc_dlvsym-dso tst-absolute-sym-lib
 ifeq (yes,$(have-mtls-dialect-gnu2))
 tests += tst-gnu2-tls1
 modules-names += tst-gnu2-tls1mod
@@ -1437,6 +1437,10 @@ tst-main1-no-pie = yes
 LDLIBS-tst-main1 = $(libsupport)
 tst-main1mod.so-no-z-defs = yes
 
+LDLIBS-tst-absolute-sym-lib.so = tst-absolute-sym-lib.lds
+$(objpfx)tst-absolute-sym-lib.so: $(LDLIBS-tst-absolute-sym-lib.so)
+$(objpfx)tst-absolute-sym: $(objpfx)tst-absolute-sym-lib.so
+
 # Both the main program and the DSO for tst-libc_dlvsym need to link
 # against libdl.
 $(objpfx)tst-libc_dlvsym: $(libdl)

elf/dl-addr.c

@@ -59,6 +59,7 @@ determine_info (const ElfW(Addr) addr, struct link_map *match, Dl_info *info,
 		     we can omit that test here.  */
 		  if ((symtab[symndx].st_shndx != SHN_UNDEF
 		       || symtab[symndx].st_value != 0)
+		      && symtab[symndx].st_shndx != SHN_ABS
 		      && ELFW(ST_TYPE) (symtab[symndx].st_info) != STT_TLS
 		      && DL_ADDR_SYM_MATCH (match, &symtab[symndx],
 					    matchsym, addr)
@@ -91,6 +92,7 @@ determine_info (const ElfW(Addr) addr, struct link_map *match, Dl_info *info,
 	    && ELFW(ST_TYPE) (symtab->st_info) != STT_TLS
 	    && (symtab->st_shndx != SHN_UNDEF
 		|| symtab->st_value != 0)
+	    && symtab->st_shndx != SHN_ABS
 	    && DL_ADDR_SYM_MATCH (match, symtab, matchsym, addr)
 	    && symtab->st_name < strtabsize)
 	  matchsym = (ElfW(Sym) *) symtab;

elf/tst-absolute-sym-lib.c

@@ -0,0 +1,25 @@
+/* BZ #19818 absolute symbol calculation shared module.
+   Copyright (C) 2018 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
+   This file is part of the GNU C Library.
+
+   The GNU C Library is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
+   modify it under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public
+   License as published by the Free Software Foundation; either
+   version 2.1 of the License, or (at your option) any later version.
+
+   The GNU C Library is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+   but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+   MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU
+   Lesser General Public License for more details.
+
+   You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public
+   License along with the GNU C Library; if not, see
+   <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.  */
+
+extern char absolute;
+
+void *
+get_absolute (void)
+{
+  return &absolute;
+}

elf/tst-absolute-sym-lib.lds

@@ -0,0 +1,19 @@
+/* BZ #19818 absolute symbol calculation linker script.
+   Copyright (C) 2018 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
+   This file is part of the GNU C Library.
+
+   The GNU C Library is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
+   modify it under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public
+   License as published by the Free Software Foundation; either
+   version 2.1 of the License, or (at your option) any later version.
+
+   The GNU C Library is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+   but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+   MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU
+   Lesser General Public License for more details.
+
+   You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public
+   License along with the GNU C Library; if not, see
+   <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.  */
+
+"absolute" = 0x55aa;

elf/tst-absolute-sym.c

@@ -0,0 +1,38 @@
+/* BZ #19818 absolute symbol calculation main executable.
+   Copyright (C) 2018 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
+   This file is part of the GNU C Library.
+
+   The GNU C Library is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
+   modify it under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public
+   License as published by the Free Software Foundation; either
+   version 2.1 of the License, or (at your option) any later version.
+
+   The GNU C Library is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+   but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+   MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU
+   Lesser General Public License for more details.
+
+   You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public
+   License along with the GNU C Library; if not, see
+   <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.  */
+
+#include <support/check.h>
+#include <support/support.h>
+#include <support/test-driver.h>
+
+void *get_absolute (void);
+
+static int
+do_test (void)
+{
+  void *ref = (void *) 0x55aa;
+  void *ptr;
+
+  ptr = get_absolute ();
+  if (ptr != ref)
+    FAIL_EXIT1 ("Got %p, expected %p\n", ptr, ref);
+
+  return 0;
+}
+
+#include <support/test-driver.c>

sysdeps/generic/ldsodefs.h

@@ -72,7 +72,8 @@ typedef struct link_map *lookup_t;
    if non-NULL.  Don't check for NULL map if MAP_SET is TRUE.  */
 #define SYMBOL_ADDRESS(map, ref, map_set)				\
   ((ref) == NULL ? 0							\
-   : LOOKUP_VALUE_ADDRESS (map, map_set) + (ref)->st_value)
+   : (__glibc_unlikely ((ref)->st_shndx == SHN_ABS) ? 0			\
+      : LOOKUP_VALUE_ADDRESS (map, map_set)) + (ref)->st_value)
 
 /* On some architectures a pointer to a function is not just a pointer
    to the actual code of the function but rather an architecture