libtommath/bn_fast_mp_montgomery_reduce.c

#include <tommath_private.h>
#ifdef BN_FAST_MP_MONTGOMERY_REDUCE_C
/* LibTomMath, multiple-precision integer library -- Tom St Denis
 *
 * LibTomMath is a library that provides multiple-precision
 * integer arithmetic as well as number theoretic functionality.
 *
 * The library was designed directly after the MPI library by
 * Michael Fromberger but has been written from scratch with
 * additional optimizations in place.
 *
 * The library is free for all purposes without any express
 * guarantee it works.
 *
 * Tom St Denis, tstdenis82@gmail.com, http://libtom.org
 */

/* computes xR**-1 == x (mod N) via Montgomery Reduction
 *
 * This is an optimized implementation of montgomery_reduce
 * which uses the comba method to quickly calculate the columns of the
 * reduction.
 *
 * Based on Algorithm 14.32 on pp.601 of HAC.
*/
int fast_mp_montgomery_reduce(mp_int *x, mp_int *n, mp_digit rho)
{
   int     ix, res, olduse;
   mp_word W[MP_WARRAY];

   /* get old used count */
   olduse = x->used;

   /* grow a as required */
   if (x->alloc < (n->used + 1)) {
      if ((res = mp_grow(x, n->used + 1)) != MP_OKAY) {
         return res;
      }
   }

   /* first we have to get the digits of the input into
    * an array of double precision words W[...]
    */
   {
      mp_word *_W;
      mp_digit *tmpx;

      /* alias for the W[] array */
      _W   = W;

      /* alias for the digits of  x*/
      tmpx = x->dp;

      /* copy the digits of a into W[0..a->used-1] */
      for (ix = 0; ix < x->used; ix++) {
         *_W++ = *tmpx++;
      }

      /* zero the high words of W[a->used..m->used*2] */
      for (; ix < ((n->used * 2) + 1); ix++) {
         *_W++ = 0;
      }
   }

   /* now we proceed to zero successive digits
    * from the least significant upwards
    */
   for (ix = 0; ix < n->used; ix++) {
      /* mu = ai * m' mod b
       *
       * We avoid a double precision multiplication (which isn't required)
       * by casting the value down to a mp_digit.  Note this requires
       * that W[ix-1] have  the carry cleared (see after the inner loop)
       */
      mp_digit mu;
      mu = (mp_digit)(((W[ix] & MP_MASK) * rho) & MP_MASK);

      /* a = a + mu * m * b**i
       *
       * This is computed in place and on the fly.  The multiplication
       * by b**i is handled by offseting which columns the results
       * are added to.
       *
       * Note the comba method normally doesn't handle carries in the
       * inner loop In this case we fix the carry from the previous
       * column since the Montgomery reduction requires digits of the
       * result (so far) [see above] to work.  This is
       * handled by fixing up one carry after the inner loop.  The
       * carry fixups are done in order so after these loops the
       * first m->used words of W[] have the carries fixed
       */
      {
         int iy;
         mp_digit *tmpn;
         mp_word *_W;

         /* alias for the digits of the modulus */
         tmpn = n->dp;

         /* Alias for the columns set by an offset of ix */
         _W = W + ix;

         /* inner loop */
         for (iy = 0; iy < n->used; iy++) {
            *_W++ += ((mp_word)mu) * ((mp_word)*tmpn++);
         }
      }

      /* now fix carry for next digit, W[ix+1] */
      W[ix + 1] += W[ix] >> ((mp_word) DIGIT_BIT);
   }

   /* now we have to propagate the carries and
    * shift the words downward [all those least
    * significant digits we zeroed].
    */
   {
      mp_digit *tmpx;
      mp_word *_W, *_W1;

      /* nox fix rest of carries */

      /* alias for current word */
      _W1 = W + ix;

      /* alias for next word, where the carry goes */
      _W = W + ++ix;

      for (; ix <= ((n->used * 2) + 1); ix++) {
         *_W++ += *_W1++ >> ((mp_word) DIGIT_BIT);
      }

      /* copy out, A = A/b**n
       *
       * The result is A/b**n but instead of converting from an
       * array of mp_word to mp_digit than calling mp_rshd
       * we just copy them in the right order
       */

      /* alias for destination word */
      tmpx = x->dp;

      /* alias for shifted double precision result */
      _W = W + n->used;

      for (ix = 0; ix < (n->used + 1); ix++) {
         *tmpx++ = (mp_digit)(*_W++ & ((mp_word) MP_MASK));
      }

      /* zero oldused digits, if the input a was larger than
       * m->used+1 we'll have to clear the digits
       */
      for (; ix < olduse; ix++) {
         *tmpx++ = 0;
      }
   }

   /* set the max used and clamp */
   x->used = n->used + 1;
   mp_clamp(x);

   /* if A >= m then A = A - m */
   if (mp_cmp_mag(x, n) != MP_LT) {
      return s_mp_sub(x, n, x);
   }
   return MP_OKAY;
}
#endif

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