CAS instruction is expensive. From the x86 CPU's point of view, getting
a cache line for writing is more expensive than reading. See Appendix
A.2 Spinlock in:
https://www.intel.com/content/dam/www/public/us/en/documents/white-papers/xeon-lock-scaling-analysis-paper.pdf
The full compare and swap will grab the cache line exclusive and cause
excessive cache line bouncing.
Add LLL_MUTEX_READ_LOCK to do an atomic load and skip CAS in spinlock
loop if compare may fail to reduce cache line bouncing on contended locks.
Reviewed-by: Szabolcs Nagy <szabolcs.nagy@arm.com>
No bug.
This commit splits test-memcpy.c into test-memcpy.c and
test-memcpy-large.c. The idea is parallel builds will be able to run
both in parallel speeding up the process.
Signed-off-by: Noah Goldstein <goldstein.w.n@gmail.com>
Reviewed-by: H.J. Lu <hjl.tools@gmail.com>
No bug.
This implementation refactors memcmp-sse4.S primarily with minimizing
code size in mind. It does this by removing the lookup table logic and
removing the unrolled check from (256, 512] bytes.
memcmp-sse4 code size reduction : -3487 bytes
wmemcmp-sse4 code size reduction: -1472 bytes
The current memcmp-sse4.S implementation has a large code size
cost. This has serious adverse affects on the ICache / ITLB. While
in micro-benchmarks the implementations appears fast, traces of
real-world code have shown that the speed in micro benchmarks does not
translate when the ICache/ITLB are not primed, and that the cost
of the code size has measurable negative affects on overall
application performance.
See https://research.google/pubs/pub48320/ for more details.
Signed-off-by: Noah Goldstein <goldstein.w.n@gmail.com>
Reviewed-by: H.J. Lu <hjl.tools@gmail.com>
C2X adds a printf %b format (see
<http://www.open-std.org/jtc1/sc22/wg14/www/docs/n2630.pdf>, accepted
for C2X), for outputting integers in binary. It also has recommended
practice for a corresponding %B format (like %b, but %#B starts the
output with 0B instead of 0b). Add support for these formats to
glibc.
One existing test uses %b as an example of an unknown format, to test
how glibc printf handles unknown formats; change that to %v. Use of
%b and %B as user-registered format specifiers continues to work (and
we already have a test that covers that, tst-printfsz.c).
Note that C2X also has scanf %b support, plus support for binary
constants starting 0b in strtol (base 0 and 2) and scanf %i (strtol
base 0 and scanf %i coming from a previous paper that added binary
integer literals). I intend to implement those features in a separate
patch or patches; as discussed in the thread starting at
<https://sourceware.org/pipermail/libc-alpha/2020-December/120414.html>,
they will be more complicated because they involve adding extra public
symbols to ensure compatibility with existing code that might not
expect 0b constants to be handled by strtol base 0 and 2 and scanf %i,
whereas simply adding a new format specifier poses no such
compatibility concerns.
Note that the actual conversion from integer to string uses existing
code in _itoa.c. That code has special cases for bases 8, 10 and 16,
probably so that the compiler can optimize division by an integer
constant in the code for those bases. If desired such special cases
could easily be added for base 2 as well, but that would be an
optimization, not actually needed for these printf formats to work.
Tested for x86_64 and x86. Also tested with build-many-glibcs.py for
aarch64-linux-gnu with GCC mainline to make sure that the test does
indeed build with GCC 12 (where format checking warnings are enabled
for most of the test).
Linux 5.15 has one new syscall, process_mrelease (and also enables the
clone3 syscall for RV32). It also has a macro __NR_SYSCALL_MASK for
Arm, which is not a syscall but matches the pattern used for syscall
macro names.
Add __NR_SYSCALL_MASK to the names filtered out in the code dealing
with syscall lists, update syscall-names.list for the new syscall and
regenerate the arch-syscall.h headers with build-many-glibcs.py
update-syscalls.
Tested with build-many-glibcs.py.
Depending on the layout chosen by the linker, the 16-bit displacement
of the jh instruction is insufficient to reach the target label.
Analysis of the linker failure was carried out by Nick Clifton.
Reviewed-by: Carlos O'Donell <carlos@redhat.com>
Reviewed-by: Stefan Liebler <stli@linux.ibm.com>
Since
commit d73f5331ce
Author: Roland McGrath <roland@gnu.org>
Date: Fri May 2 02:20:45 2003 +0000
2003-05-01 Roland McGrath <roland@redhat.com>
dependency is generated by passing -MD -MF to compiler. Remove the unused
+mkdep, +make-deps, s-proto.S and s-proto-cancel.S.
This fixes BZ #28554.
The include cleanup on dl-minimal.c removed too much for some
targets.
Also for Hurd, __sbrk is removed from localplt.data now that
tunables allocated memory through mmap.
Checked with a build for all affected architectures.
The rtld_malloc functions are moved to its own file so it can be
used on csu code. Also, the functiosn are renamed to __minimal_*
(since there are now used not only on loader code).
Using the __minimal_malloc on tunables_strdup() avoids potential
issues with sbrk() calls while processing the tunables (I see
sporadic elf/tst-dso-ordering9 on powerpc64le with different
tests failing due ASLR).
Also, using __minimal_malloc over plain mmap optimizes the memory
allocation on both static and dynamic case (since it will any unused
space in either the last page of data segments, avoiding mmap() call,
or from the previous mmap() call).
Checked on x86_64-linux-gnu, i686-linux-gnu, and powerpc64le-linux-gnu.
Reviewed-by: Siddhesh Poyarekar <siddhesh@sourceware.org>
A recent GCC mainline change introduces errors of the form:
vfprintf-internal.c: In function 'group_number':
vfprintf-internal.c:2093:15: error: 'memmove' specified bound between 9223372036854775808 and 18446744073709551615 exceeds maximum object size 9223372036854775807 [-Werror=stringop-overflow=]
2093 | memmove (w, s, (front_ptr -s) * sizeof (CHAR_T));
| ^~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
This is a genuine bug in the glibc code: s > front_ptr is always true
at this point in the code, and the intent is clearly for the
subtraction to be the other way round. The other arguments to the
memmove call here also appear to be wrong; w and s point just *after*
the destination and source for copying the rest of the number, so the
size needs to be subtracted to get appropriate pointers for the
copying. Adjust the memmove call to conform to the apparent intent of
the code, so fixing the -Wstringop-overflow error.
Now, if the original code were ever executed, a buffer overrun would
result. However, I believe this code (introduced in commit
edc1686af0, "vfprintf: Reuse work_buffer
in group_number", so in glibc 2.26) is unreachable in prior glibc
releases (so there is no need for a bug in Bugzilla, no need to
consider any backports unless someone wants to build older glibc
releases with GCC 12 and no possibility of this buffer overrun
resulting in a security issue).
work_buffer is 1000 bytes / 250 wide characters. This case is only
reachable if an initial part of the number, plus a grouped copy of the
rest of the number, fail to fit in that space; that is, if the grouped
number fails to fit in the space. In the wide character case,
grouping is always one wide character, so even with a locale (of which
there aren't any in glibc) grouping every digit, a number would need
to occupy at least 125 wide characters to overflow, and a 64-bit
integer occupies at most 23 characters in octal including a leading 0.
In the narrow character case, the multibyte encoding of the grouping
separator would need to be at least 42 bytes to overflow, again
supposing grouping every digit, but MB_LEN_MAX is 16. So even if we
admit the case of artificially constructed locales not shipped with
glibc, given that such a locale would need to use one of the character
sets supported by glibc, this code cannot be reached at present. (And
POSIX only actually specifies the ' flag for grouping for decimal
output, though glibc acts on it for other bases as well.)
With binary output (if you consider use of grouping there to be
valid), you'd need a 15-byte multibyte character for overflow; I don't
know if any supported character set has such a character (if, again,
we admit constructed locales using grouping every digit and a grouping
separator chosen to have a multibyte encoding as long as possible, as
well as accepting use of grouping with binary), but given that we have
this code at all (clearly it's not *correct*, or in accordance with
the principle of avoiding arbitrary limits, to skip grouping on
running out of internal space like that), I don't think it should need
any further changes for binary printf support to go in.
On the other hand, support for large sizes of _BitInt in printf (see
the N2858 proposal) *would* require something to be done about such
arbitrary limits (presumably using dynamic allocation in printf again,
for sufficiently large _BitInt arguments only - currently only
floating-point uses dynamic allocation, and, as previously discussed,
that could actually be replaced by bounded allocation given smarter
code).
Tested with build-many-glibcs.py for aarch64-linux-gnu (GCC mainline).
Also tested natively for x86_64.
The collate-test.c triggers UB with an signed integer overflow,
which results in an error on some architectures (powerpc32).
Checked on x86_64, i686, and powerpc.
commit d585ba47fc
Author: Noah Goldstein <goldstein.w.n@gmail.com>
Date: Mon Nov 1 00:49:48 2021 -0500
string: Make tests birdirectional test-memcpy.c
This commit updates the memcpy tests to test both dst > src and dst <
src. This is because there is logic in the code based on the
Signed-off-by: Noah Goldstein <goldstein.w.n@gmail.com>
Reviewed-by: H.J. Lu <hjl.tools@gmail.com>
significantly increased the number of tests. On Intel Core i7-1165G7,
test-memcpy takes 120 seconds to run when machine is idle. Double
TIMEOUT to (8 * 60) for test-memcpy to avoid timeout when machine is
under heavy load.
Reviewed-by: Noah Goldstein <goldstein.w.n@gmail.com>
The close_range () function implements the same API as the Linux and
FreeBSD syscalls. It operates atomically and reliably. The specified
upper bound is clamped to the actual size of the file descriptor table;
it is expected that the most common use case is with last = UINT_MAX.
Like in the Linux syscall, it is also possible to pass the
CLOSE_RANGE_CLOEXEC flag to mark the file descriptors in the range
cloexec instead of acually closing them.
Also, add a Hurd version of the closefrom () function. Since unlike on
Linux, close_range () cannot fail due to being unuspported by the
running kernel, a fallback implementation is never necessary.
Signed-off-by: Sergey Bugaev <bugaevc@gmail.com>
Message-Id: <20211106153524.82700-1-bugaevc@gmail.com>
No bug.
The optimizations are as follows:
1) Always align entry to 64 bytes. This makes behavior more
predictable and makes other frontend optimizations easier.
2) Make the L(more_8x_vec) cases 4k aliasing aware. This can have
significant benefits in the case that:
0 < (dst - src) < [256, 512]
3) Align before `rep movsb`. For ERMS this is roughly a [0, 30%]
improvement and for FSRM [-10%, 25%].
In addition to these primary changes there is general cleanup
throughout to optimize the aligning routines and control flow logic.
Signed-off-by: Noah Goldstein <goldstein.w.n@gmail.com>
Reviewed-by: H.J. Lu <hjl.tools@gmail.com>
This commit adds a new partial overlap benchmark. This is generally
the most interesting performance case for memmove and was missing.
Signed-off-by: Noah Goldstein <goldstein.w.n@gmail.com>
Reviewed-by: H.J. Lu <hjl.tools@gmail.com>
This commit adds more benchmarks for the common memcpy/memmove
benchmarks. The most signifcant cases are the half page offsets. The
current versions leaves dst and src near page aligned which leads to
false 4k aliasing on x86_64. This can add noise due to false
dependencies from one run to the next. As well, this seems like more
of an edge case that common case so it shouldn't be the only thing
Signed-off-by: Noah Goldstein <goldstein.w.n@gmail.com>
Reviewed-by: H.J. Lu <hjl.tools@gmail.com>
This commit updates the memcpy tests to test both dst > src and dst <
src. This is because there is logic in the code based on the
Signed-off-by: Noah Goldstein <goldstein.w.n@gmail.com>
Reviewed-by: H.J. Lu <hjl.tools@gmail.com>
generate-md5 was removed by
commit d73f5331ce
Author: Roland McGrath <roland@gnu.org>
Date: Fri May 2 02:20:45 2003 +0000
2003-05-01 Roland McGrath <roland@redhat.com>
Remove its last trace. This fixes BZ #28554.
Starting from GCC 12, the .init_array and .fini_array sections are enabled
unconditionally by
commit 13a39886940331149173b25d6ebde0850668d8b9
Author: H.J. Lu <hjl.tools@gmail.com>
Date: Tue Jun 8 16:09:24 2021 -0700
Always enable DT_INIT_ARRAY/DT_FINI_ARRAY on Linux
configure GCC with --enable-initfini-array to enable them when using GCC
release branches.
Fixes BZ #27945.
Separated debuginfo files have PT_DYNAMIC with p_filesz == 0. We
need to check for that before the _dl_map_segments call because
that could attempt to write to mappings that extend beyond the end
of the file, resulting in SIGBUS.
Reviewed-by: H.J. Lu <hjl.tools@gmail.com>
Bugfix 27256 has introduced another issue:
In conversion from ISO-2022-JP-3 encoding, it is possible
to force iconv to emit extra NUL character on internal state reset.
To do this, it is sufficient to feed iconv with escape sequence
which switches active character set.
The simplified check 'data->__statep->__count != ASCII_set'
introduced by the aforementioned bugfix picks that case and
behaves as if '\0' character has been queued thus emitting it.
To eliminate this issue, these steps are taken:
* Restore original condition
'(data->__statep->__count & ~7) != ASCII_set'.
It is necessary since bits 0-2 may contain
number of buffered input characters.
* Check that queued character is not NUL.
Similar step is taken for main conversion loop.
Bundled test case follows following logic:
* Try to convert ISO-2022-JP-3 escape sequence
switching active character set
* Reset internal state by providing NULL as input buffer
* Ensure that nothing has been converted.
Signed-off-by: Nikita Popov <npv1310@gmail.com>
There are a few places where only known numeric values are acceptable for
`asm` parameters, yet the constraint "i" is used. "i" can include
"symbolic constants whose values will be known only at assembly time or
later."
Use "n" instead of "i" where known numeric values are required.
Suggested-by: Segher Boessenkool <segher@kernel.crashing.org>
Reviewed-by: Tulio Magno Quites Machado Filho <tuliom@linux.ibm.com>
It allows build both glibc and tests with lld (Since lld does not
support R_RISCV_ALIGN linker relaxation).
Checked with a build for riscv32-linux-gnu-rv32imafdc-ilp32d and
riscv64-linux-gnu-rv64imafdc-lp64d.
Reviewed-by: H.J. Lu <hjl.tools@gmail.com>
Reviewed-by: Fangrui Song <maskray@google.com>
Clang cannot assemble movzx in the AT&T dialect mode.
../sysdeps/x86_64/strcmp.S:2232:16: error: invalid operand for instruction
movzx (%rsi), %ecx
^~~~
Change movzx to movzbl, which follows the AT&T dialect and is used
elsewhere in the file.
Reviewed-by: H.J. Lu <hjl.tools@gmail.com>
This refactor moves four functions out of a nested scope and converts
them into static always_inline functions. collseqwc, table_size,
symb_table, extra are now initialized to zero because they are passed as
function arguments.
On x86-64, .text is 16 byte larger likely due to the 4 stores.
This is nothing compared to the amount of work that regcomp has to do
looking up the collation weights, or other functions.
If the non-buildable `sysdeps/generic/dl-machine.h` doesn't count,
this patch removes the last `auto inline` usage from glibc.
Reviewed-by: Adhemerval Zanella <adhemerval.zanella@linaro.org>
Reviewed-by: Carlos O'Donell <carlos@redhat.com>
The patch removes the the ELF_DURING_STARTUP optimization and assume
both .rel.dyn and .rel.plt might not be subsequent. This allows some
code simplification since relocation will be handled independently
where it is done on bootstrap.
At least on x86_64_64, I can not measure any performance implications.
Running 10000 time the command
LD_DEBUG=statistics ./elf/ld.so ./libc.so
And filtering the "total startup time in dynamic loader" result,
the geometric mean is:
patched master
Ryzen 7 5900x 24140 24952
i7-4510U 45957 45982
(The results do show some variation, I did not make any statistical
analysis).
It also allows build arm with lld, since it inserts ".ARM.exidx"
between ".rel.dyn" and ".rel.plt" for the loader.
Checked on x86_64-linux-gnu and arm-linux-gnueabihf.
Reviewed-by: H.J. Lu <hjl.tools@gmail.com>
Based on random input arguments. About 85% tuples have exponents
of the two arguments close together (+-1 range).
Reviewed-by: H.J. Lu <hjl.tools@gmail.com>
Instead of inputs based on the algorithm implementation details.
About 85% tuples have exponents of the two arguments close
together (+-1 range).
Reviewed-by: H.J. Lu <hjl.tools@gmail.com>
The lld linker does not support TLSDESC for arm. The have-arm-tls-desc
is a leftover of 56583289b1 to support NaCL.
Reviewed-by: Fangrui Song <maskray@google.com>
The lld does not support R_ARM_GOTOFF32 to preemptible symbol (_dl_argv
has default visibility). Use the internal alias instead (one option
would to use HIDDEN_JUMPTARGET, bu the macro is not defined for
!__ASSEMBLER__ and I made this patch arm-specific to avoid require to
check extensivelly on other architecture it this might break something).
Checked on arm-linux-gnueabihf.
Reviewed-by: Fangrui Song <maskray@google.com>
Remove Prefer_AVX2_STRCMP to enable EVEX strcmp. When comparing 2 32-byte
strings, EVEX strcmp has been improved to require 1 load, 1 VPTESTM, 1
VPCMP, 1 KMOVD and 1 INCL instead of 2 loads, 3 VPCMPs, 2 KORDs, 1 KMOVD
and 1 TESTL while AVX2 strcmp requires 1 load, 2 VPCMPEQs, 1 VPMINU, 1
VPMOVMSKB and 1 TESTL. EVEX strcmp is now faster than AVX2 strcmp by up
to 40% on Tiger Lake and Ice Lake.
In strcmp-evex.S, to compare 2 32-byte strings, replace
VMOVU (%rdi, %rdx), %YMM0
VMOVU (%rsi, %rdx), %YMM1
/* Each bit in K0 represents a mismatch in YMM0 and YMM1. */
VPCMP $4, %YMM0, %YMM1, %k0
VPCMP $0, %YMMZERO, %YMM0, %k1
VPCMP $0, %YMMZERO, %YMM1, %k2
/* Each bit in K1 represents a NULL in YMM0 or YMM1. */
kord %k1, %k2, %k1
/* Each bit in K1 represents a NULL or a mismatch. */
kord %k0, %k1, %k1
kmovd %k1, %ecx
testl %ecx, %ecx
jne L(last_vector)
with
VMOVU (%rdi, %rdx), %YMM0
VPTESTM %YMM0, %YMM0, %k2
/* Each bit cleared in K1 represents a mismatch or a null CHAR
in YMM0 and 32 bytes at (%rsi, %rdx). */
VPCMP $0, (%rsi, %rdx), %YMM0, %k1{%k2}
kmovd %k1, %ecx
incl %ecx
jne L(last_vector)
It makes EVEX strcmp faster than AVX2 strcmp by up to 40% on Tiger Lake
and Ice Lake.
Co-Authored-By: Noah Goldstein <goldstein.w.n@gmail.com>
Add acosf function to bench-math and copy acosf-inputs to benchtests.
Motivation for this patch is to prepare for upcoming libmvec new
functions. Float and double version of libmvec functions stays
together.
acosf-inputs file generated from acos-inputs file using following
scaling formula:
f = d * (FLT_MAX/DBL_MAX)
Where d is input(double) and f is output(float). If scaled float value
is duplicate in new input file, nextafterf() function used to find next
float value, ensuring no duplicates.
Reviewed-by: H.J. Lu <hjl.tools@gmail.com>
Improve the random memcpy benchmark. Double the number of tests and increase
the size of the memory region to test between 32KB and 1024KB. This improves
accuracy on modern cores. Clean up formatting of the frequency array.
Reviewed-by: Siddhesh Poyarekar <siddhesh@sourceware.org>
My build-many-glibcs.py bot shows -Waggressive-loop-optimizations
errors building the glibc testsuite for 32-bit architectures with GCC
mainline, which seem to have appeared between GCC commits
4abc0c196b10251dc80d0743ba9e8ab3e56c61ed and
d8edfadfc7a9795b65177a50ce44fd348858e844:
In function 'dynarray_long_noscratch_resize',
inlined from 'test_long_overflow' at tst-dynarray.c:489:5,
inlined from 'do_test' at tst-dynarray.c:571:3:
../malloc/dynarray-skeleton.c:391:36: error: iteration 1073741823 invokes undefined behavior [-Werror=aggressive-loop-optimizations]
391 | DYNARRAY_ELEMENT_INIT (&list->u.dynarray_header.array[i]);
tst-dynarray.c:39:37: note: in definition of macro 'DYNARRAY_ELEMENT_INIT'
39 | #define DYNARRAY_ELEMENT_INIT(e) (*(e) = 23)
| ^
In file included from tst-dynarray.c:42:
../malloc/dynarray-skeleton.c:389:37: note: within this loop
389 | for (size_t i = old_size; i < size; ++i)
| ~~^~~~~~
In function 'dynarray_long_resize',
inlined from 'test_long_overflow' at tst-dynarray.c:479:5,
inlined from 'do_test' at tst-dynarray.c:571:3:
../malloc/dynarray-skeleton.c:391:36: error: iteration 1073741823 invokes undefined behavior [-Werror=aggressive-loop-optimizations]
391 | DYNARRAY_ELEMENT_INIT (&list->u.dynarray_header.array[i]);
tst-dynarray.c:27:37: note: in definition of macro 'DYNARRAY_ELEMENT_INIT'
27 | #define DYNARRAY_ELEMENT_INIT(e) (*(e) = 17)
| ^
In file included from tst-dynarray.c:28:
../malloc/dynarray-skeleton.c:389:37: note: within this loop
389 | for (size_t i = old_size; i < size; ++i)
| ~~^~~~~~
I don't know what GCC change made these errors appear, or why they
only appear for 32-bit architectures. However, the warnings appear to
be both true (that iteration would indeed involve undefined behavior
if executed) and useless in this particular case (that iteration is
never executed, because the allocation size overflows and so the
allocation fails - but the check for allocation size overflow is in a
separate source file and so can't be seen by the compiler when
compiling this test). So use the DIAG_* macros to disable
-Waggressive-loop-optimizations around the calls in question to
dynarray_long_resize and dynarray_long_noscratch_resize in this test.
Tested with build-many-glibcs.py (GCC mainline) for arm-linux-gnueabi,
where it restores a clean testsuite build.
Compiling mmap_internal fails to compile when we use -1 for MMAP2_PAGE_UNIT
on 32 bit architectures. The error is as follows:
../sysdeps/unix/sysv/linux/mmap_internal.h:30:8: error: unknown type
name 'uint64_t'
|
30 | static uint64_t page_unit;
|
| ^~~~~~~~
Fix by adding including stdint.h.
Since some linkers (for instance lld for i386) does not support it
for all architectures.
Checked on i686-linux-gnu.
Reviewed-by: Fangrui Song <maskray@google.com>
GCC does not print the correct linker when -fuse-ld=lld is used with
the -print-prog-name=ld:
$ gcc -v 2>&1 | tail -n 1
gcc version 11.2.0 (Ubuntu 11.2.0-7ubuntu2)
$ gcc
ld
This is different than for gold:
$ gcc -fuse-ld=gold -print-prog-name=ld
ld.gold
Using ld.lld as the static linker name prints the expected result.
This is only required when -fuse-ld=lld is used, if lld is used as
the 'ld' programs (through a symlink) LIBC_PROG_BINUTILS works
as expected.
Checked on x86_64-linux-gnu.
Reviewed-by: Fangrui Song <maskray@google.com>
These tests takes the address of a protected symbol (foo_protected)
and lld does not support copy relocations on protected data symbols.
Checked on x86_64-linux-gnu.
Reviewed-by: Fangrui Song <maskray@google.com>
Hoist the NULL check for malloc_usable_size into its entry points in
malloc-debug and malloc and assume non-NULL in all callees. This fixes
BZ #28506
Signed-off-by: Siddhesh Poyarekar <siddhesh@sourceware.org>
Reviewed-by: Florian Weimer <fweimer@redhat.com>
Reviewed-by: Richard W.M. Jones <rjones@redhat.com>
The following commit:
commit cf4fd28ea4
Author: Noah Goldstein <goldstein.w.n@gmail.com>
Date: Tue Oct 26 19:43:18 2021 -0500
Broke --disable-multi-arch build for x86_64 because x86_64/memcmpeq.S
was not defined outside of multiarch and the alias for __memcmpeq in
x86_64/memcmp.S was removed.
This commit fixes that issue by adding x86_64/memcmpeq.S.
make xcheck passes on x86_64 with and without --disable-multi-arch
There are several packages like sysvinit and buildroot that expect
-lutil to work. Rather than impacting them with having to change
the linker flags provide an empty libutil.a.
